The role of combined chemotherapy in the treatment of rhabdomyosarcoma in children

Heyn, Ruth; Holland, Roxie; Newton, William A.; Tefft, Melvin; Breslow, Norman E.; Hartmann, John R.

doi:10.1002/1097-0142(197412)34:6<2128::aid-cncr2820340638>3.0.co;2-m

Cited by 219 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Among the 28 complete responders, this survival rate was between 36 and 50% in the CV group, and 30% in the CVA group. (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9) (3-6) (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9) Chemotherapy of advanced neuroblastoma: does adriamycin contribute ? 547…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 8 In two studies on single agents, some patients with stage IV neuroblastoma showed some response to adriamcyin, even patients who had been treated with cyclophosphamide and vincristine previously.9 10 Gasparini et al11 added adriamycin to vincristine and cyclophosphamide in an attempt to increase the overall survival rate of stage IV patients but, although the number of patients reported was small, the results were discouraging. Between January 1970 and June 1977, 69 patients with newly diagnosed advanced neuroblastoma were treated in our two hospitals with pulses of either vincristine and cyclophosphamide (CV), or vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and adriamycin (CVA).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Chemotherapy of advanced neuroblastoma: does adriamycin contribute?

Ninane¹,

Pritchard²,

Malpas³

1981

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemotherapy of advanced neuroblastoma: does adriamycin contribute?

Ninane¹,

Pritchard²,

Malpas³

1981

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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“…Results indicate that this approach to treatment is producing a significant increase in tumour-free survival in patients treated for osteogenic sarcoma, carcinoma of the breast and rhabdomyosarcoma, diseases which have a high probability of early metastasis (Jaffe et al, 1974;Bonadonna et al, 1976;Heyn et al, 1974). It is important to know the extent to which cure of metastatic disease by chemotherapy is limited by the size of the deposits and, if this size is exceeded, whether maximum sensitivity is regained after the regression produced by an initial treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of tumour size on hypoxic fraction and therapeutic sensitivity of Lewis lung tumour

Stanley¹,

Shipley²,

Steel³

1977

Br J Cancer

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Summary.-Radiation survival curves for Lewis lung tumours in the lungs ranging in size from 0-5 to 20 mm3 have been obtained, and a size-dependent variation in hypoxic fraction was found. Cell-survival studies following treatment of various sizes of s.c. tumours indicated that the effects of 60Co y-rays and the chemotherapeutic agents 1,3-bas(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) and cyclophosphamide are all size-dependent. Large pulmonary nodules which had regressed but had not been cured by cyclophosphamide regrew with a radiosensitivity that was characteristic of previously untreated tumours. The results give additional experimental support to the clinical interest in early adjuvant therapy of micrometastases, and sequential combined modality therapy for larger tumours.THE relationship between tumour size and therapeutic sensitivity has been the subject of a number of studies. Experiments from this laboratory have indicated that cells in 0-5-mm3 pulmonarv metastases of the Lewis lung (LL) tumour are considerably more radiosensitive under normal in situ conditions than those in 500-mm3 subcutaneous tumours (Shipley, Stanley and Steel, 1975). At the level of cell survival studied, the presence of a hypoxic fraction could not be detected in 0-5-MM3 pulmonary tumours, whereas the hypoxic fraction in large s.c. tumours was estimated to be 0-36. Fu, Phillips and Wharam (1976), working with the EMT6 tumour system, have also compared the radiosensitivity of large s.c. tumours with that of pulmonary nodules, and have found the smaller tumours to be considerably more radiosensitive and their hvpoxic fraction to be correspondingly lower. DeWys (1972) and Steel and Adams (1975) have found independently, in cell-survival studies with the LL tumour, that small pulmonary nodules are more sensitive to cyclophosphamide than are large s.c. tumours. Twentyman and Bleehen (1976) saw no size-dependent effect when the EMT6 tumour was treated with cyclophosphamide, although their data for the same tumour indicated that sensitivity to BCNU decreased with increasing tumour size.Any effect of tumour size on therapeutic response has important clinical implications for the use both of prophylactic cytotoxic therapy against subclinical disease and of combined modality treatment of larger tumours. The project described in this report was designed to study in greater detail the response of the LL tumour to radiation and drug treatment over a range of sizes, and to investigate the radiosensitivity of regrowing lung nodules which had been treated initially with cyclophosphamide.

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“…Soon, it was demonstrated that surgical resection followed by adjuvant treatment modalities improved the survival of patients with cancer, particularly children with sarcoma; ie, combined-modality treatment for embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma resulted a greater than 80% 5-year survival rate, 271 and the majority of children with Ewing sarcoma 272 and osteosarcoma 273 were alive years after receiving combined-modality therapy. Encouraged by successes in the treatment of childhood cancers, adults with solid tumors were added to the list of candidates for combined-modality therapy.…”

Section: Surgical Oncologymentioning

confidence: 99%

A note from history: Landmarks in history of cancer, part 7

Hajdu

Vadmal

Tang

2015

Cancer

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In the 2 and half decades reviewed , research established that chromosomal translocation, deletion, and DNA amplification are prerequisites to cancerogenesis and that oncogenes, tumor-suppressor genes, growth factors, and cytokines play crucial roles in the pathomechanism of cancer. Human papillomavirus, human immunodeficiency virus, herpes virus, and hepatitis B virus were identified as cancer-causing viruses. Several laboratory tests were developed for the detection of primary and recurrent cancers, and cancer prevention by screening methods was popularized. Sonography, computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, excision of sentinel lymph nodes, and immunohistochemical techniques became routine procedures. Clinicopathologic staging and classification of tumors were standardized. Limited surgery, adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemoradiation, and the therapeutic use of monoclonal antibodies, tumor vaccines, and targeted chemotherapy became routine practice. The decline in cancer incidence and mortality demonstrated that cancer prevention and advancement in oncology are pivotal to success in the crusade against cancer. Above all, it was clearly established that the care of patients with cancer can be accomplished best in a multidisciplinary setting involving surgical oncologists, radiologists, radiation therapists, medical oncologists, surgical pathologists, and laboratory scientists. In conclusion, the 25 years from 1970 and 1995 are the high-water mark in clinical oncology, and this is the period when oncology turned from art to science. Cancer 2015;121:2480-513.

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The role of combined chemotherapy in the treatment of rhabdomyosarcoma in children

Cited by 219 publications

References 10 publications

Chemotherapy of advanced neuroblastoma: does adriamycin contribute?

Chemotherapy of advanced neuroblastoma: does adriamycin contribute?

Influence of tumour size on hypoxic fraction and therapeutic sensitivity of Lewis lung tumour

A note from history: Landmarks in history of cancer, part 7

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