The role of classical and non-classical HLA class I antigens in human tumors

Dual Faces of IFNγ in Cancer Progression: A Role of PD-L1 Induction in the Determination of Pro- and Antitumor Immunity

“…Therefore, an MHC deficiency and decreased immunogenicity are believed to be important consequences of IFNg insensitivity. The downregulation of HLA class I molecules has been reported in various malignancies, including breast, cervical, colorectal, esophageal, gastric, ovarian, and renal cell carcinomas (33). However, the frequency of this downregulation varies significantly between tumor types.…”

Multiparametric immune profiling in HPV– oral squamous cell cancer

“…Immune surveillance is mediated by the composition of the tumor microenvironment (TME); it is affected by a multitude of strategies tumors use to escape immune recognition. These include (a) the lack or downregulation of tumor antigen expression, (b) loss or reduced expression of MHC class I molecules due to impaired expression of components of the antigen-processing machinery (APM), and (c) increased expression of immune-suppressive molecules, like the programmed death-like receptor ligand 1 (PD-L1) and the nonclassical HLA-G and HLA-E antigens (28)(29)(30)(31).…”

HLA class II antigen-processing pathway in tumors: Molecular defects and clinical relevance

“…Alterations of HLA class I APM and their significance in malignant tumors have been recently reviewed by various groups and we refer the interested reader to these reviews. [3][4][5][6][7][8] In contrast, HLA class II antigens expressed by malignant cells of solid tumors have been characterized only to a limited extent, although the aberrant expression of HLA class II antigens by melanoma cells was first described more than 30 y ago. 9 Growing evidence indicates that HLA class II antigen expression by tumor cells has a significant impact on their immunogenicity.…”