The role of childhood risk factors in initiation of alcohol use and progression to alcohol dependence

Abstract

Results highlight the role of psychiatric and substance use disorders in progression from first drink to AD, underscore the continuity of risk associated with CD and indicate that (with the exception of CD) different factors play a role in transition to AD than in initiation of alcohol use. Distinctions between stages are interpreted in a developmental framework.

The CHRNA5/A3/B4 Gene Cluster Variability as an Important Determinant of Early Alcohol and Tobacco Initiation in Young Adults

“…Elucidation of the genes that contribute to smoking (46) and alcohol drinking (47)(48)(49) initiation is critical for disentangling the full etiology of development of these disorders. Furthermore, it is possible that initiation of smoking and drinking may be part of a broader spectrum of phenotypes that includes a vulnerability to developing behavioral problems (50,51).…”

Trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad y dependencia de sustancias depresoras. Una revisión

“…De esta manera un tratamiento del TDAH podría prevenir el desarrollo de trastorno disocial y adicción al alcohol (Sartor et al, 2007;Tuithof, Ten Have, van den Brink, Vollebergh y de Graaf, 2011).…”

“…In this way, it is emphasized that psychiatric comorbidity and other SUDs play an important role as determining risk factors for the development of alcohol dependence (Sartor, Lynskey, Heath, Jacob, & True, 2007). In another two studies, it has also been reported that alcohol dependent patients who have a comorbid ADHD are characterized by early initiation of addiction (Ercan, Coskunol, Varan, & Toksoz, 2003;Sartor, Lynskey, Heath, Jacob, & True, 2007;Sringeri, Rajkumar, Muralidharan, Chandrashekar, & Benegal, 2008).…”

“…In another two studies, it has also been reported that alcohol dependent patients who have a comorbid ADHD are characterized by early initiation of addiction (Ercan, Coskunol, Varan, & Toksoz, 2003;Sartor, Lynskey, Heath, Jacob, & True, 2007;Sringeri, Rajkumar, Muralidharan, Chandrashekar, & Benegal, 2008). This would affect treatment, since early initiation has been associated with more severe addiction, family history, behavioural problems in childhood, greater craving, hostility, antisocial personality traits, mood disorders and poorer social adjustment than patients who develop dependence later (Sringeri, Rajkumar, Muralidharan, Chandrashekar, & Benegal, 2008).…”

“…Thus, treatment of ADHD may prevent the development of antisocial disorder and alcohol addiction (Sartor et al, 2007;Tuithof, Ten Have, van den Brink, Vollebergh, & de Graaf, 2011).…”