The role of bentonite binders in single or concomitant mycotoxin contamination of chicken diets

Pappas, Athanasıos C.; Tsiplakou, Eleni; Tsitsigiannis, Dimitrios Ι.; Γεωργιαδου, Μαρια; Iliadi, M. K.; Sotirakoglou, Κyriaki; Zervas, G.

doi:10.1080/00071668.2016.1187712

Cited by 33 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The efficacy and safety of these feed additives requires investigation. Literature reports usually describe the efficacy of these materials based on non-specific parameters such as organ weight, feed intake and growth performance [3,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16]. However, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) states that although such non-specific parameters are useful, only specific biomarkers for exposure can prove the efficacy of such feed additives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers for Exposure as A Tool for Efficacy Testing of A Mycotoxin Detoxifier in Broiler Chickens and Pigs

Lauwers

Croubels

Letor³

et al. 2019

Toxins

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Applying post-harvest control measures such as adding mycotoxin detoxifying agents is a frequently-used mitigation strategy for mycotoxins. EFSA states that the efficacy of these detoxifiers needs to be tested using specific biomarkers for exposure. However, the proposed biomarkers for exposure are not further optimized for specific target species. Hence, the goal of this study was a) to evaluate the most suitable biomarkers for deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) in porcine plasma, urine and feces; and DON, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) in plasma and excreta of broiler chickens and b) to determine the efficacy of a candidate detoxifier, as a proof-of-concept study. Therefore, a mixture of mycotoxins was administered as a single oral bolus with or without detoxifying agent. In accordance with literature AFB1, OTA, and DON-sulphate (DON-S) proved optimal biomarkers in broilers plasma and excreta whereas, in pigs DON-glucuronide (DON-GlcA) and ZEN-glucuronide (ZEN-GlcA) proved the optimal biomarkers in plasma, DON and ZEN-GlcA in urine and, ZEN in feces. A statistically significant reduction was seen between control and treatment group for both AFB1 and DON in broiler plasma, under administration of the mycotoxin blend and detoxifier dose studied suggesting thus, beneficial bioactivity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers for Exposure as A Tool for Efficacy Testing of A Mycotoxin Detoxifier in Broiler Chickens and Pigs

Lauwers

Croubels

Letor³

et al. 2019

Toxins

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show abstract

“…Scientific literature reports several experiments in which tissues and organs from poultry experimentally exposed to OTA were analysed [20,[38][39][40][41] but only few survey studies were carried out to monitor the presence of OTA in tissues of animals normally reared on poultry farms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Ochratoxin A Exposure in Ornamental and Self-Consumption Backyard Chickens

Guerrini

Altafini

Roncada

2020

Veterinary Sciences

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Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin that may be present in various food and feed of plant and animal origin, including chicken meat. In Italy, backyard poultry farming is rather widespread. Animals are raised for meat, eggs and for ornamental purpose, and they are often fed with home-made diets not subject to official controls. The purpose of this study was to evaluate exposure of ornamental and backyard chickens to OTA using biliary ochratoxin A as a biomarker. Therefore, bile samples, in addition to kidney, liver and muscle, were collected from 102 chickens reared in 16 farms located in 6 Italian regions. High-performance liquid chromatography method and fluorimetric detection (HPLC-FLD) analysis were carried out firstly on bile from all animals, and OTA was detected in 12 chickens (concentration range 3.83–170.42 µg/L). Subsequently, the kidneys of these chickens were also analysed, and the mycotoxin was not detected. The analytical detection limits (LODs) of OTA in bile and kidney were 2.1 µg/L and 0.1 µg/kg, respectively. In conclusion, these animals were exposed to OTA but their meat can be considered safe, given that this mycotoxin, if present, concentrates highest in kidneys. Biliary ochratoxin A confirms its use as a valid biomarker to assess exposure of poultry to OTA.

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“…There are inorganic sorbents principally clay minerals and organic sorbents of microbial origin [42]. In some cases, they have the ability to bind mycotoxins and reduce their absorption across the gastrointestinal tract [109].…”

Section: Decontamination Of Mycotoxin-contaminated Feedmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Focus on Aflatoxins in Feedstuffs: Levels of Contamination, Prevalence, Control Strategies, and Impacts on Animal Health

Alvarado¹,

Zamora-Sanabria²,

FabioGranados-Chinchilla³

2017

Aflatoxin-Control, Analysis, Detection and Health Risks

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Aflatoxins are mold-synthetized secondary metabolites that are ubiquitously present in agricultural commodities, such as cereals which in turn are substantial part of feed formulation. These toxins are capable of causing disease, exert severe toxic effects, and even death in humans and other animals. Aflatoxins are the only mycotoxins with the regulatory framework, hence we present the legal threshold uphold till now by international and regional control organizations. Additionally, herein we discuss worldwide prevalence of aflatoxins in feeds to demonstrate a global issue and major risks involved in toxin contamination. Furthermore, we present recent data regarding negative effects usually presented by food-producing and companionship animals when ingested. Also, we discuss briefly practical approaches to mitigate aflatoxin burden during feed processing focusing in Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) and hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) and we include novel approaches reported in literature to decontaminate feedcontaining aflatoxins. Finally, we cite the literature so far published describing the effects of changing climate on aflatoxin production and contamination.

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The role of bentonite binders in single or concomitant mycotoxin contamination of chicken diets

Cited by 33 publications

References 22 publications

Biomarkers for Exposure as A Tool for Efficacy Testing of A Mycotoxin Detoxifier in Broiler Chickens and Pigs

Biomarkers for Exposure as A Tool for Efficacy Testing of A Mycotoxin Detoxifier in Broiler Chickens and Pigs

Assessment of Ochratoxin A Exposure in Ornamental and Self-Consumption Backyard Chickens

A Focus on Aflatoxins in Feedstuffs: Levels of Contamination, Prevalence, Control Strategies, and Impacts on Animal Health

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