The role of bacterial sulfate reduction during dolomite precipitation: Implications from Upper Jurassic platform carbonates

Baldermann, Andre; Deditius, Artur P.; Dietzel, Martin; Fichtner, Vanessa; Fischer, Cornelius; Hippler, Dorothee; Leis, Albrecht; Baldermann, Claudia; Mavromatis, Vasileios; Stickler, Christian P.; Strauß, Harald

doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.07.020

Cited by 81 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(185 reference statements)

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“…RD1 shows negative δ 13 C values, possibly related to the formation of this dolomite in a shallow burial environment associated with bacterial sulphate reduction (BSR) [84]. This hypothesis is supported by the presence of minute framboidal pyrite crystals ( Figure 4A) embedded within RD1 [85].…”

Section: Silurianmentioning

confidence: 77%

Diagenetic Pore Fluid Evolution and Dolomitization of the Silurian and Devonian Carbonates, Huron Domain of Southwestern Ontario: Petrographic, Geochemical and Fluid Inclusion Evidence

2020

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Core samples from two deep boreholes were analyzed for petrographic, stable and Sr isotopes, fluid inclusion microthermometry and major, minor, trace and rare-earth elements (REE) of different types of dolomite in the Silurian and Devonian carbonates of the eastern side of the Michigan Basin provided useful insights into the nature of dolomitization, and the evolution of diagenetic pore fluids in this part of the basin. Petrographic features show that both age groups are characterized by the presence of a pervasive replacive fine-crystalline (<50 µm) dolomite matrix (RD1) and pervasive and selective replacive medium crystalline (>50–100 µm) dolomite matrix (RD2 and RD3, respectively). In addition to these types, a coarse crystalline (>500 µm) saddle dolomite cement (SD) filling fractures and vugs is observed only in the Silurian rocks. Results from geochemical and fluid inclusion analyses indicate that the diagenesis of Silurian and Devonian formations show variations in terms of the evolution of the diagenetic fluid composition. These fluid systems are: (1) a diagenetic fluid system that affected Silurian carbonates and was altered by salt dissolution post-Silurian time. These carbonates show a negative shift in δ18O values (dolomite δ18O average: −6.72‰ VPDB), Sr isotopic composition slightly more radiogenic than coeval seawater (0.7078–0.7087), high temperatures (RD2 and SD dolomite Th average: 110 °C) and hypersaline signature (RD2 and SD dolomite average salinity: 26.8 wt.% NaCl eq.); and (2) a diagenetic fluid system that affected Devonian carbonates, possibly occurred during the Alleghenian orogeny in Carboniferous time and characterized by a less pronounced negative shift in δ18O values (dolomite δ18O average: −5.74‰ VPDB), Sr isotopic composition in range with the postulated values for coeval seawater (0.7078–0.7080), lower temperatures (RD2 dolomite Th average: 83 °C) and less saline signature (RD2 dolomite average salinity: 20.8 wt.% NaCl eq.).

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Section: Silurianmentioning

confidence: 77%

Diagenetic Pore Fluid Evolution and Dolomitization of the Silurian and Devonian Carbonates, Huron Domain of Southwestern Ontario: Petrographic, Geochemical and Fluid Inclusion Evidence

2020

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“…Therefore, CAS in bulk carbonate rock is an attractive proxy for reconstructing the isotopic composition of ancient seawater because carbonates are widely‐deposited in space and time in the rock record. Studies of CAS in bulk carbonate material have concluded that early diagenetic processes such as neomorphism, dolomitization and authigenic cementation may incorporate sulphate from diagenetically‐modified or non‐seawater fluids (Goldberg et al., ; Riccardi et al., ; Gill et al., ; Loyd et al., 2012a; Rennie & Turchyn, ; Baldermann et al., ; Present et al., ; Feng et al., ; Fichtner et al., ). Screening for the effect of such processes typically entails textural, trace metal, and carbon and oxygen isotope analyses associated with meteoric or burial diagenesis that may not correlate with sulphur isotope alteration (Goldberg et al., ; Gill et al., 2011a, 2011b; Yan et al., ; Fichtner et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagenetic controls on the isotopic composition of carbonate‐associated sulphate in the Permian Capitan Reef Complex, West Texas

et al. 2019

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Late Palaeozoic-age strata from the Capitan Reef in west Texas show faciesdependent heterogeneity in the sulphur isotopic composition of carbonateassociated sulphate, which is trace sulphate incorporated into carbonate minerals that is often used to reconstruct the sulphur isotopic composition of ancient seawater. However, diagenetic pore fluid processes may influence the sulphur isotopic composition of carbonate-associated sulphate. These processes variously modify the sulphur isotopic composition of incorporated sulphate from syndepositional seawater in shelf crest, outer shelf, shelf margin and slope depositional settings. This study used a new multicollector inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry technique to determine the sulphur isotopic composition of samples of individual depositional and diagenetic textures. Carbonate rocks representing peritidal facies in the Yates and Tansill formations preserve the sulphur isotopic composition of Guadalupian seawater sulphate despite alteration of the carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions by meteoric and dolomitizing diagenetic processes. However, sulphur isotopic data indicate that limestones deposited in reef and slope facies in the Capitan and Bell Canyon formations largely incorporate sulphate from anoxic marinephreatic pore fluids isotopically modified from seawater by microbial sulphate reduction, despite generally preserving the carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of Permian seawater. Some early and all late meteoric calcite cements have carbonate-associated sulphate with a sulphur isotopic composition distinct from that of Permian seawater. Detailed petrographic and sedimentary context for carbonate-associated sulphate analyses will allow for improved reconstructions of ancient seawater composition and diagenetic conditions in ancient carbonate platforms. The results of this study indicate that carbonate rocks that diagenetically stabilize in high-energy environments without pore fluid sulphate gradients can provide a robust archive of ancient seawater's sulphur isotopic composition.

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“…an increased incorporation of relatively small Mg 2+ ions results in shortened lattice constants (e.g. Goldsmith et al, 1961;Baldermann et al, 2015). Two analyses of the indicative calcite peak of erzbergite sample EB9 (XRD4 and XRD5 in Table S1) yielded 2Á4 and 3Á8 (AE1) mol % MgCO 3 in the Mg-calcite, and the selected samples EB13 (XRD1) and EB22 (XRD2) both revealed 6Á5 (AE1) mol % MgCO 3 in the distinct high Mg-calcite.…”

Section: Chemical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aragonite–calcite veins of the ‘Erzberg’ iron ore deposit (Austria): Environmental implications from young fractures

et al. 2018

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The well‐known Erzberg site represents the largest siderite (FeCO3) deposit in the world. It consists of various carbonates accounting for the formation of prominent CaCO3 (dominantly aragonite) precipitates filling vertical fractures of different width (centimetres to decimetres) and length (tens of metres). These commonly laminated precipitates are known as ‘erzbergite’. This study focuses on the growth dynamics and environmental dependencies of these vein fillings. Samples recovered on‐site and from mineral collections were analyzed, and these analyses were further complemented by modern water analyses from different Erzberg sections. Isotopic signatures support meteoric water infiltration and sulphide oxidation as the principal hydrogeochemical mechanism of (Ca, Mg and Fe) carbonate host rock dissolution, mobilization and vein mineralization. Clumped isotope measurements revealed cool formation temperatures of ca 0 to 10°C for the aragonite, i.e. reflecting the elevated altitude Alpine setting, but unexpectedly low for aragonite nucleation. The 238U–234U–230Th dating yielded ages from 285·1 ± 3·9 to 1·03 ± 0·04 kyr bp and all samples collected on‐site formed after the Last Glacial Maximum. The observed CaCO3 polymorphism is primarily controlled by the high aqueous Mg/Ca ratios resulting from dissolution of Mg‐rich host rocks, with Mg/Ca further evolving during prior CaCO3 precipitation and CO2 outgassing in the fissured aquifer. Aragonite represents the ‘normal’ mode of erzbergite formation and most of the calcite is of diagenetic (replacing aragonite) origin. The characteristic lamination (millimetre‐scale) is an original growth feature and mostly associated with the deposition of stained (Fe‐rich) detrital particle layers. Broader zonations (centimetre‐scale) are commonly of diagenetic origin. Petrographic observations and radiometric dating support an irregular nature for most of the layering. Open fractures resulting from fault tectonics or gravitational mass movements provide water flow routes and fresh chemical reaction surfaces of the host rock carbonates and accessory sulphides. If these prerequisites are considered, including the hydrogeochemical mechanism, modern water compositions, young U‐Th ages and calculated precipitation rates, it seems unlikely that the fractures had stayed open over extended time intervals. Therefore, it is most likely that they are geologically young.

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The role of bacterial sulfate reduction during dolomite precipitation: Implications from Upper Jurassic platform carbonates

Cited by 81 publications

References 55 publications

Diagenetic Pore Fluid Evolution and Dolomitization of the Silurian and Devonian Carbonates, Huron Domain of Southwestern Ontario: Petrographic, Geochemical and Fluid Inclusion Evidence

Diagenetic Pore Fluid Evolution and Dolomitization of the Silurian and Devonian Carbonates, Huron Domain of Southwestern Ontario: Petrographic, Geochemical and Fluid Inclusion Evidence

Diagenetic controls on the isotopic composition of carbonate‐associated sulphate in the Permian Capitan Reef Complex, West Texas

Aragonite–calcite veins of the ‘Erzberg’ iron ore deposit (Austria): Environmental implications from young fractures

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