The role of atherogenic lipoproteins in diabetes: Molecular aspects and clinical significance

Banerjee, Yajnavalka; Patti, Angelo M.; Giglio, Rosaria V.; Ciaccio, Marcello; Vichithran, Suhina; Faisal, Shemima; Stoian, Anca Panta; Rizvi, Ali Abbas; Rizzo, Manfredi

doi:10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2023.108517

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 151 publications

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“… 62 Epidemiological and clinical research reports an inverse relationship between HDL-C concentration and CVD and considers HDL-C as the “good” lipoprotein due to its antiatherogenic function of reverse cholesterol transport as well as its cardioprotective functions that includes anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and endothelium-dependent vasodilatory effects and dyslipidemia is characterized with decreased HDL-C level. 63 , 64 Endothelial function is also hampered by elevated LDL-C and other lipid abnormalities that encourage oxidative stress and inflammation in the arterial wall. The production of NO, a vasodialator is reduced in endothelial dysfunction, whereas the production of endothelin-1, a vasoconstrictor is enhanced thus unbalancing vascular tonicity.…”

Section: Dyslipidemia and Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Associated With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Mechanistic Insight

Chakraborty,

Verma,

Garg

et al. 2023

Clin Med Insights Endocrinol Diabetes

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A complex metabolic condition referred to as Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance (IR) and decreased insulin production. Obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and chronic inflammation are just a few of the cardiometabolic illnesses that people with T2DM are more likely to acquire and results in cardiovascular issues. It is essential to comprehend the mechanistic insights into these risk variables in order to prevent and manage cardiovascular problems in T2DM effectively. Impaired glycemic control leads to upregulation of De novo lipogenesis (DNL), promote hepatic triglyceride (TG) synthesis, worsening dyslipidemia that is accompanied by low levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and high amounts of small, dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) further developing atherosclerosis. By causing endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation, chronic hyperglycemia worsens already existing cardiometabolic risk factors. Vasoconstriction, inflammation, and platelet aggregation are caused by endothelial dysfunction, which is characterized by decreased nitric oxide production, increased release of vasoconstrictors, proinflammatory cytokines, and adhesion molecules. The loop of IR and endothelial dysfunction is sustained by chronic inflammation fueled by inflammatory mediators produced in adipose tissue. Infiltrating inflammatory cells exacerbate inflammation and the development of plaque in the artery wall. In addition, the combination of chronic inflammation, dyslipidemia, and IR contributes to the emergence of hypertension, a prevalent comorbidity in T2DM. The ability to target therapies and management techniques is made possible by improvements in our knowledge of these mechanistic insights. Aim of present review is to enhance our current understanding of the mechanistic insights into the cardiometabolic risk factors related to T2DM provides important details into the interaction of pathophysiological processes resulting in cardiovascular problems. Understanding these pathways will enable us to create efficient plans for the prevention, detection, and treatment of cardiovascular problems in T2DM patients, ultimately leading to better overall health outcomes.

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Section: Dyslipidemia and Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Associated With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Mechanistic Insight

Chakraborty,

Verma,

Garg

et al. 2023

Clin Med Insights Endocrinol Diabetes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This process is essential for delivering dietary lipids to tissues for energy and other metabolic needs. Any disruption in chylomicron metabolism can lead to disorders like familial chylomicronaemia syndrome, characterized by extremely high levels of triglycerides in the blood, posing a threat of pancreatitis [7].…”

Section: Chylomicronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Banerjee et al [7] 2023 Formation of atheromatous plaque due to poor management of cholesterol levels and disruption of chylomicrons.…”

Section: Author Year Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipoproteins and Their Effects on the Cardiovascular System

Das,

Ingole

2023

Cureus

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Coronary heart disease is the foremost leading cause of death across the world. It mainly involves the blood vessels, which supply the heart. Plaque formation due to lipid deposition leads to the narrowing of the vessels, obstructing blood flow. Therefore, lipoproteins such as high-density lipoproteins (HDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), and chylomicrons play a crucial role in cardiovascular diseases. Lipoproteins are carrier molecules made up of proteins and fats. They carry cholesterol through the bloodstream and transport it to the peripheral tissues or the liver. There are several classes of lipoproteins in the blood, namely HDL, LDL, VLDL, and chylomicrons. Depending on the lipoproteins, an excess of them can either harm or benefit the body. Low-density lipoprotein, nicknamed 'the bad cholesterol,' transports fatty molecules from the liver and deposits them in peripheral tissues or central vessels. Thus, excess LDL can cause blockage of the arteries supplying major organs. High-density lipoprotein, nicknamed 'the good cholesterol,' transports the excess fatty molecules to the liver for their metabolism and removal from the body. Hence, high levels of HDL are an indication of a healthy body. Thus, lipoproteins are important molecules, and their proper regulation is essential to maintaining a healthy body. An effective way to maintain a balanced lipoprotein level is to have a properly balanced diet with high protein and low fat. Regular exercise, both indoors and outdoors, is recommended. If cholesterol levels are not maintained by diet and exercise, medication is advised after consulting medical experts. This review aims to inform people about lipoproteins, their importance, and maintaining a healthy lipoprotein level.

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Understanding the mechanisms mediating cardio-renal benefit of empagliflozin in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Patoulias,

Eid,

Rizzo

2023

Journal of Diabetes and its Complications

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The role of atherogenic lipoproteins in diabetes: Molecular aspects and clinical significance

Cited by 3 publications

References 151 publications

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Associated With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Mechanistic Insight

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Associated With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Mechanistic Insight

Lipoproteins and Their Effects on the Cardiovascular System

Understanding the mechanisms mediating cardio-renal benefit of empagliflozin in type 2 diabetes mellitus

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