The Role of Apical Size Determination and Enlargement in the Reduction of Intracanal Bacteria

Mickel, Andre; Chogle, Sami; Liddle, Justin; Huffaker, Kirk; Jones, Jefferson J.

doi:10.1016/j.joen.2006.08.004

Cited by 82 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Techniques which are commonly used, such as paper point sampling followed by CFU counting can determine general bacterial counting from the coronal third which can exclude information from the apical third, where disinfection is more indicative of irrigation efficiency and more difficult to access. Measurement of the apical third cleanliness has been attempted by direct-access methods, as well as split-model methods, both requiring structural modification of the dentin and apical complexities [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. While the method used in this experiment contains similar shortcomings to the paper point/CFU method with regards to sampling location, it provides expeditious sample collection, reuse of samples in order for the same sample to serve as a control, and a well-known, reliable methodology for bacterial quantification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: In-vitro Evaluation Of the Efficacy Of Pips Irrigation Systementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have shown PIPS to be effective in biofilm elimination [17], smear layer removal [16], and debris removal from complex nonseparated systems [18]. Apical size and taper size have been studied in the past by multiple studies, with varying conclusions reflecting the needs of obturation and irrigation techniques [19,20]. The combination of varying tip size and taper continues to be studied, aimed at improving canal disinfection while conserving dentin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In-Vitro Evaluation of the Efficacy of PIPS Irrigation System on Disinfection of Type 2 Canal Systems in Molars

Babu¹

2017

JDHODT

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Objective: This in vitro study was designed to compare the disinfection potential of an Er:YAG photon-initiated photoacousitc (PIPS) irrigation mechanism to standard needle irrigation (SNI) in eliminating biofilms from complex root canal systems. Method and materials:Twenty-four extracted mandibular molar teeth exhibiting a Vertucci Type II canal system were selected and underwent canal instrumentation to create either a minimal (20/.04) or fully-flared (25/.06) preparation. Teeth were inoculated with bacterial plaque and incubated for 3 weeks creating a mature biofilm. Both instrumentation groups were sub-divided according to mode of canal disinfection: sterile saline or sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) with PIPS laser-activation or same irrigants delivered with SNI. Each irrigation protocol used similar quantities of NaOCl or saline over the same time periods. Viable intracanal bacteria were quantified by MTT bacterial viability assay. Sub-groups were analyzed for statistical significance by ANOVA, followed by Scheffe's F-test (P = .05).Results: All saline groups showed significantly more viable bacteria after irrigation than the corresponding NaOCl sub-groups. The #20/.04 sub-group that underwent PIPS and NaOCl irrigation had greater disinfection than the SNI counterpart, which was not significant (P > 0.05). The #25/.06 PIPS/NaOCl subgroup showed greater disinfection than SNI (P > 0.0008). All other groups showed no significant differences in disinfection of root canals. Conclusion:In this in vitro study PIPS laser-activated irrigation achieved higher disinfection in #25/.06 fully-flared preparations than SNI. Although not significantly different, greater disinfection was found in the #20/.04 minimal canal preparations that were treated with PIPS irrigation compared to SNI. Keywords: In-Vitro Evaluation of the Efficacy of PIPS Irrigation System on Disinfection of Type 2 Canal Systems in Molars 2/5Copyright: ©2017 Garcia-Godoy et al. [19,20]. The combination of varying tip size and taper continues to be studied, aimed at improving canal disinfection while conserving dentin. As apical preparation size increases, irrigant replacement was enhanced, providing space existed between the needle and the canal wall [21]. Increased canal taper also improved fluid interchange and reduced the risk of extrusion; minimal taper with large apical preparations also improved irrigant replacement [22]. Ex vivo investigation of the optimal tip size taper combination for laser activated irrigation have yet to be determined. The objective of this study was to examine the disinfection of intentionally contaminated Type II canals in the mesial root of mandibular molars by comparing needle flushing versus PIPS activation during endodontic irrigation of complex Vertucci Type II canal systems of two different sizes and taper. The null hypothesis was that no difference exists between bacterial disinfection present in #20/.04 taper and #25/.06 flared taper preparations using either PIPS or needle irrigation. Methods and MaterialsToot...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: In-vitro Evaluation Of the Efficacy Of Pips Irrigation Systementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

In-Vitro Evaluation of the Efficacy of PIPS Irrigation System on Disinfection of Type 2 Canal Systems in Molars

Babu¹

2017

JDHODT

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“…Neste experimento, optou-se em avaliar técni-cas automatizadas em raízes de molares inferiores, uma utilizando limas manuais Flexofile e micromotor pneumático com movimento oscilatório, comparando-os aos instrumentos de NiTi ProTaper ® acionadas a motor elétrico, por serem dois grandes avanços no campo da Endodontia que permitem o preparo de um canal radicular mais fácil e rápido, sendo o sucesso do tratamento mais previsível do que com o uso de instrumentos manuais 14 . Foi eleito o terço apical do canal radicular para a aplicação de análises geométricas, tendo em vista a grande importância dessa região para o tratamento endodôntico, e por ser uma área crítica no que se refere ao preparo 15 . Com relação ao cálculo da área na região apical dos canais radiculares, a média dos valores encontrados revelou um maior desgaste nessa região pelo sistema ProTaper ® que pelo sistema oscilatório.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Avaliação morfométrica da região apical após a utilização de sistemas oscilatório e rotatório

Ferraz

Brito

Cavalcante

et al. 2015

Rev. da Fac. de Odontologia, UPF

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“…8 In cases of pulp necrosis, in which the bacterial presence is inherent, disinfection of the canal as proposed by Weine 6 (1989) allows for a higher reduction in the bacterial population. 6,9,10,11 A deeper penetration of the irrigation with a larger volume may facilitate this disinfection. 9,12 With regard to fillings, Wu et al 2 (2000) and Weiger et al 13 (2006) confirmed that many of the canal areas (especially in the apical region) are not touched during canal preparation due to its oval or irregular configurations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crown-down preflaring in the determination of the first apical file

Silveira

Castro³

et al. 2010

Braz. oral res.

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In this study, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to evaluate the adaptation of the first apical file after preflaring in mesiobuccal (MB) and mesiolingual (ML) canals of mandibular molars considering the tactile sensibility as a reference. The mesial canals (n = 22) of human mandibular molar teeth were used, and the first instrument to bind to the working length was determined after preflaring and crowndown shaping. Digital images of the root apex were acquired and a single examiner determined the contact of the file with the walls using Image J software. The results showed that the file was in contact in 47.83% and 31.71% in the MB and ML canals, respectively. When the apexes are fused, the average was 40.03%. A descriptive analysis showed that the first apical file did not touch all dentin walls in any of the samples.

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The Role of Apical Size Determination and Enlargement in the Reduction of Intracanal Bacteria

Cited by 82 publications

References 27 publications

In-Vitro Evaluation of the Efficacy of PIPS Irrigation System on Disinfection of Type 2 Canal Systems in Molars

In-Vitro Evaluation of the Efficacy of PIPS Irrigation System on Disinfection of Type 2 Canal Systems in Molars

Avaliação morfométrica da região apical após a utilização de sistemas oscilatório e rotatório

Crown-down preflaring in the determination of the first apical file

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