The role of alkaline phosphatase in mineralization

Golub, Ellis E.; Boesze‐Battaglia, Kathleen

doi:10.1097/bco.0b013e3282630851

Cited by 711 publications

(558 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…However, although the role of rhBMP-2 in equine BMSC osteogenesis has previously been described (Carpenter et al 2010, Glynn et al 2013, Murray et al 2010, its influence on equine osteoblast differentiation has up until now remained undetermined. Findings from our in vitro studies confirmed that rhBMP-2 stimulated equine osteoblast mineralization as evidenced by marked increases in Alizarin Red S staining, even in the absence of dexamethasone, and this was associated with significant increases in the activity levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), a hydrolase enzyme centrally involved in driving mineralization (Golub and Boesze-Battaglia 2007). These findings are in agreement with previous observations from studies examining the influence of human BMP-2 overexpression on the osteogenic differentiation of equine BMSCs, where increases in ALP activity and mineralization were detected in cells transduced with adenovirus encoding BMP-2 (Carpenter et al 2010, Murray et al 2010.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) on equine bone formation: A preliminary in vitro and in vivo evaluation

Jackson

Fürst

Koch

et al. 2017

PHK

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Summary: Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) is a potent inducer of osteoblast-mediated bone formation and is used in orthopaedic applications in humans. This study was performed to evaluate (1) recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) in clinical cases of subchondral cystic lesion (SCL) in horses and (2) the osteoinductive effects of rhBMP-2 treatment in vitro on primary equine osteoblasts. Three horses with SCLs of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint and associated lameness were treated by transcortical debridement and implantation of a collagen sponge containing rhBMP-2. In the in vitro studies, equine osteoblasts were cultured with rhBMP-2 to assess the effects of rhBMP-2 on their differentiation and mineralization. The treatment of SCLs with rhBMP-2 was well tolerated by all the horses, and improvements in subchondral bone radiographic appearance and lameness score were evident between 7 and 10 months post-surgery. Equine osteoblasts treated with rhBMP-2 demonstrated enhanced mineralization as evidenced by increases in Alizarin Red S staining. This was accompanied by significant increases in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression and activity, and a significant decrease in secreted osteocalcin levels. In conclusion rhBMP-2 can be used to assist in subchondral bone repair in horses, and we provide in vitro evidence to suggest that its influence on bone formation is mediated through enhanced osteoblast activity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) on equine bone formation: A preliminary in vitro and in vivo evaluation

Jackson

Fürst

Koch

et al. 2017

PHK

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“…The enzyme alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is known to play an important role in the mineralization process of bone and cartilage. ALP appears to act both to increase the local concentration of inorganic phosphate (P i ), required for physiological mineralization of hard tissues, and to decrease the concentration of extracellular pyrophosphate (PP i ), a potent inhibitor of mineralization (162). Until now, ALP was mainly of interest for tissue engineering purposes to predict neo-tissue mineralization by means of the enzyme expression.…”

Section: Enzyme Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic–Inorganic Surface Modifications for Titanium Implant Surfaces

et al. 2008

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Abstract. This paper reviews current physicochemical and biochemical coating techniques that are investigated to enhance bone regeneration at the interface of titanium implant materials. By applying coatings onto titanium surfaces that mimic the organic and inorganic components of living bone tissue, a physiological transition between the non-physiological titanium surface and surrounding bone tissue can be established. In this way, the coated titanium implants stimulate bone formation from the implant surface, thereby enhancing early and strong fixation of bone-substituting implants. As such, a continuous transition from bone tissue to implant surface is induced. This review presents an overview of various techniques that can be used to this end, and that are inspired by either inorganic (calcium phosphate) or organic (extracellular matrix components, growth factors, enzymes, etc.) components of natural bone tissue. The combination, however, of both organic and inorganic constituents is expected to result into truly bone-resembling coatings, and as such to a new generation of surface-modified titanium implants with improved functionality and biological efficacy.

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“…BMPs have been reported to induce gene expression of various extracellular matrix proteins in mesenchymal cells and osteoblasts. In particular, the BMP-induced gene expression of ALP is widely applied as a marker of early stages of BMP-induced osteoblast differentiation [8,11,17,19,20]. Thus, like other investigators, we successfully used it in our studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%