The Role of Adult-Born Neurons in the Constantly Changing Olfactory Bulb Network

Malvaut, Sarah; Saghatelyan, Armen

doi:10.1155/2016/1614329

Cited by 24 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Adult neurogenesis is thought to enhance plasticity in OB circuits and could optimize olfactory processing for certain types of olfactory behaviors (Alonso et al, 2012; Chow et al, 2012; Malvaut and Saghatelyan, 2016; Mandairon et al, 2011; Moreno et al, 2009; Mouret et al, 2009; Sakamoto et al, 2011). Adult-born granule cells (abGCs) in the OB are the most abundant type of adult-born neuron in the mouse brain, yet it is unknown when they first become responsive to olfactory stimuli and how these responses change as they mature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Refinement of Functional Properties of Adult-Born Neurons

Wallace

Wienisch

Murthy

2017

Neuron

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Summary New neurons appear only in a few regions of the adult mammalian brain and become integrated into existing circuits. Little is known about the functional development of individual neurons in vivo. We examined the functional life history of adult-born granule cells (abGCs) in the olfactory bulb using multiphoton imaging in awake and anesthetized mice. We found that abGCs can become responsive to odorants soon after they arrive in the olfactory bulb. Tracking identified abGCs over weeks revealed that the robust and broadly-tuned responses of most newly arrived abGCs gradually become more selective over a period of ~4 weeks, but a small fraction achieves broader tuning with maturation. Enriching the olfactory environment of mice prolonged the period over which abGCs were strongly and broadly responsive to odorants. Our data offer direct support for rapid integration of adult-born neurons into existing circuits, followed by experience-dependent refinement of their functional connectivity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Refinement of Functional Properties of Adult-Born Neurons

Wallace

Wienisch

Murthy

2017

Neuron

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“…On the other hand, the olfactory system is essential for the survival of many animal species, providing sensorial information about food and environment, as well as influencing social and sexual behaviors [ 21 ]. A physiological role of APN over the olfactory system, especially olfactory bulbs (OB), has not been investigated in detail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Adiponectin Receptors 1 and 2 in the Rat Olfactory Bulb and the Effect of Adiponectin Injection on Insulin Receptor Expression

Miranda-Martínez

Mercado-Gómez

Arriaga-Ávila

et al. 2017

International Journal of Endocrinology

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Background Adiponectin (APN) is an adipocyte-derived hormone that has peripheral beneficial effects. Although its receptors AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 are expressed in the brain, their function in neurons is poorly understood. The aims of this work were to describe the distribution of APN receptors in the olfactory bulb (OB) as well as the possible effects of APN injection on the insulin receptor (InsR) content and Akt kinase. Method We performed the double immunofluorescence technique to describe the distribution of AdipoRs and the cellular type they were expressing. mRNA transcript and protein content were assessed by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. APN injection was performed to analyze its possible effect on the insulin pathway. Results We found that AdipoRs were localized in all cell layers and in both neurons and astrocytes. We observed the presence of mRNA transcripts and immunoblot analysis confirmed the protein on the intact OB; APN injection in the OB resulted in a slight decrease of the total InsR and Akt phosphorylation and a reduction of phopho-InsR content. Conclusions These data demonstrated that AdipoRs are expressed in OB regions, and APN injection could act as an insulin pathway modulator in the OB and thus possibly contribute to olfaction physiology.

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“…While these questions have not been explored, it is conceivable that different GC subtypes play a distinct role in OB functioning and odor behavior. 39,48 Their structural plasticity may be also driven differently by distinct odor experiences to adequately optimize OB functioning. Interestingly, although spine relocation is induced by a specific pattern of activity that mimics MCs responses to odors, 8 stimulation patterns consisting of the same number of spikes but given in the random order do not induce spine relocation.…”

Section: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Different Formsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different forms of structural plasticity in the adult olfactory bulb

Hardy

Saghatelyan

2017

Neurogenesis

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The adult olfactory bulb (OB) continuously receives new interneurons that integrate into the functional neuronal network and that play an important role in odor information processing and olfactory behavior. Adult neuronal progenitors are derived from neural stem cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) bordering the lateral ventricle. They migrate long distances along the rostral migratory stream (RMS) toward the OB where they differentiate into interneurons, mature, and establish synapses with tufted or mitral cells (MC), the principal neurons in the OB. The plasticity provided by both adult-born and pre-existing early-born neurons depends on the formation and pruning of new synaptic contacts that adapt the functioning of the bulbar network to changing environmental conditions. However, the formation of new synapses occurs over a long time scale (hours-days), whereas some changes in environmental conditions can occur more rapidly, requiring a much faster adjustment of neuronal networks. A new form of structural remodeling of adult-born, but not early-born, neurons was recently brought to light. This plasticity, which is based on the activity-dependent relocation of mature spines of GCs toward the dendrites of active principal cells, may allow a more rapid adjustment of the neuronal network in response to quick and persistent changes in sensory inputs. In this mini-review we discuss the different forms of structural plasticity displayed by adult-born and early-born neurons and the possibility that these different forms of structural remodeling may fulfill distinct roles in odor information processing.

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The Role of Adult-Born Neurons in the Constantly Changing Olfactory Bulb Network

Cited by 24 publications

References 84 publications

Development and Refinement of Functional Properties of Adult-Born Neurons

Development and Refinement of Functional Properties of Adult-Born Neurons

Distribution of Adiponectin Receptors 1 and 2 in the Rat Olfactory Bulb and the Effect of Adiponectin Injection on Insulin Receptor Expression

Different forms of structural plasticity in the adult olfactory bulb

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