The role of adenovirus 36 as a risk factor in obesity: The first clinical study made in the fatty tissues of adults in Turkey

Erǧin, Sevgi; Altan, Eda; Pilancı, Özgür; Sirekbasan, Serhat; Cortuk, Oguz; Cizmecigil, Utku Y.; Ersin, Idris; Elbey, Hüseyin; Dinç, Harika Öykü; Habip, Zafer; Turan, Nuri; Arıncı, Atilla; Richt, Jüergen A.; Goossens, Valère J.; Karakullukçu, Asiye; Kocak, Banu Tufan; Sarıbaş, Suat; Köksal, Selçuk; Yılmaz, Hüseyin; Kocazeybek, Bekir

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2015.02.008

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The OR was lower than those in other studies which also did not demonstrate the causative and correlative role of HAdV-36 infection and obesity [10,29,30]. Of course, this result was not consistent to most of the studies [8,9,19,20,30–33]. Owing to the difference of region, age, and assay method, the results in different studies were not comparable.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

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The relationship between human adenovirus 36 and obesity in Chinese Han population

et al. 2018

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The study aimed to explore the prevalence of human adenovirus-36 (HAdV-36) infection and the association of HAdV-36 with obesity in Chinese Han population. A qualitative determination using ELISA was performed to determine by duplication of the antibodies to HAdV-36 in the serum samples. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association between HAdV-36 seropositivity and obesity. The overall HAdV-36 seroprevalence was 49.8% amongst 824 participants. The prevalence of HAdV-36 seropositive was 42.9 and 51.4% in the obese and non-obese participants, respectively, which was not statistically significant (=0.05). There were significant differences in the anthropometric and biochemical parameters observed between the two groups except for height (=0.067) and total cholesterol (TC) (<0.29). After the adjustment for age and gender, HAdV-36 seropositivity was a protective factor for obesity (odds ratio (OR) = 0.69, 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) = 0.48-0.97, =0.03). In the male population, the adjusted OR for AD-36 antibody-positive status was statistically decreased for obese adults (OR = 0.59; 95% CI = 0.39-0.91;=0.02). However, the similar result was not obtained in the female population (OR = 0.90; 95% CI = 0.48-1.67; =0.73). We found a high prevalence of HAdV-36 infection in China and significant association between HAdV-36 infection and obesity or weight gain after the adjustment for age and gender. The HAdV-36 infection may be related to the weight loss in Chinese Han population, especially in the male group, which needs to be further confirmed.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

“…In previous studies, it was reported that obesity may be induced after infecting with HAdV-36. [13,20–23], but in Chinese Han population there was no related study about this relationship. The current study aimed to explore the prevalence of HAdV-36 infection and the association of HAdV-36 with obesity in Chinese Han population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between human adenovirus 36 and obesity in Chinese Han population

et al. 2018

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“…Association of adenovirus with human obesity was first revealed in 1997, where an avian adenovirus SMAM‐1 was reported to be linked to obesity in humans . Subsequently, Ad36 was reported to be associated with human obesity in several epidemiological studies from China, Czech Republic, India, Italy, Mexico, South Korea, Poland‐Sweden, Turkey, and United States . Most of the studies were observational which examined the presence of antibody against the Ad36 virus in human serum by serum neutralization assay or by an Enzyme‐Immuno Absorbant method.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Twenty‐five years of research about adipogenic adenoviruses: A systematic review

2018

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Infectious etiology is implicated in chronic diseases such as gastric ulcer or atherosclerosis. However, "infection" is a recent term in the field of obesity. Since the first report in 1982 of obesity due to infection, several microbes have been linked to obesity. Among the adipogenic microbes, avian adenovirus SMAM-1 and human adenovirus Ad36 have been studied most extensively for the past 25 years. Here, we present a systematic review of literature about SMAM-1 and Ad36. Reports from North America, Europe, and Asia reveal strong evidence that Ad36 causes obesity in animals and paradoxically improves glycemic control, and in vitro data provides mechanistic explanation. Considering that experimental Ad36 infection of humans is unlikely, its causative role in human obesity or glycemic control has not been demonstrated unequivocally. Nonetheless, most, but not all, observational studies in children and adults link Ad36 infection to obesity and improvement in glycemic control. The E4orf1 gene of Ad36 was identified as responsible for better glycemic control. Overall, 25 years have considerably advanced knowledge about the role of infection in obesity. Potential translational benefits include the development of vaccines to prevent Ad36-induced obesity and drug development based on the E4orf1 protein to improve glycemic control.

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“…The failure to prove the presence of Adv36 in adipose tissue by PCR might also have been due to the small size of adipose tissue used (10 mg) in comparison to previous studies, where the weight of analyzed samples was much higher (1000 mg) (Atkinson 2011b). For likely the same reason, a recent study also did not detect Adv36 DNA in samples of human adipose tissue obtained by lipoaspiration, despite the fact that Adv36 seropositivity was confirmed (Ergin et al 2015).…”

Section: Adenovirus 36 Seropositivity and Its Relation To Obesitymentioning

confidence: 96%

Obesity and Infection: Reciprocal Causality

Hainer

Zamrazilová²,

Kunešová³

et al. 2015

Physiol Res

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Associations between different infectious agents and obesity have been reported in humans for over thirty years. In many cases, as in nosocomial infections, this relationship reflects the greater susceptibility of obese individuals to infection due to impaired immunity. In such cases, the infection is not related to obesity as a causal factor but represents a complication of obesity. In contrast, several infections have been suggested as potential causal factors in human obesity. However, evidence of a causal linkage to human obesity has only been provided for adenovirus 36 (Adv36). This virus activates lipogenic and proinflammatory pathways in adipose tissue, improves insulin sensitivity, lipid profile and hepatic steatosis. The E4orf1 gene of Adv36 exerts insulin senzitizing effects, but is devoid of its pro-inflammatory modalities. The development of a vaccine to prevent Adv36-induced obesity or the use of E4orf1 as a ligand for novel antidiabetic drugs could open new horizons in the prophylaxis and treatment of obesity and diabetes. More experimental and clinical studies are needed to elucidate the mutual relations between infection and obesity, identify additional infectious agents causing human obesity, as well as define the conditions that predispose obese individuals to specific infections.

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The role of adenovirus 36 as a risk factor in obesity: The first clinical study made in the fatty tissues of adults in Turkey

Cited by 18 publications

References 36 publications

The relationship between human adenovirus 36 and obesity in Chinese Han population

The relationship between human adenovirus 36 and obesity in Chinese Han population

Twenty‐five years of research about adipogenic adenoviruses: A systematic review

Obesity and Infection: Reciprocal Causality

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