The role of acetylcholine in learning and memory

Hasselmo, Michael E.

doi:10.1016/j.conb.2006.09.002

Cited by 1,359 publications

(1,153 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Besides participating in formation of spatial memory [3,88,89], septohippocampal cholinergic neurons may also be important for sensorimotor processing in which activation of the vestibular system provides a sensory signal to assist in motor planning [90]. A number of studies have demonstrated that vestibular stimulation can improve cognition in humans (reviewed in [91][92][93]).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vestibular stimulation enhances hippocampal long-term potentiation via activation of cholinergic septohippocampal cells

Tai

Leung

2012

Behavioural Brain Research

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acetylcholine modulates a wide array of cognitive functions, including arousal, attention, learning and memory [1][2][3]. Cholinergic input to the hippocampus originating predominantly from the medial septum (MS) is particularly important for learning and memory [4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vestibular stimulation enhances hippocampal long-term potentiation via activation of cholinergic septohippocampal cells

Tai

Leung

2012

Behavioural Brain Research

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“…A current theory is that the ACh level sets the appropriate physiological tone in the hippocampus (and potentially other structures) for learning and later memory as well as related neural adaptation [13,15,17]. Thus, ACh tone across structures modulates adaptation of behavioral strategies [14,15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, our data suggest that when the hippocampus is dysfunctional, activation of the amygdala does not lead to behavioral recovery on a spatial exploration task without reward in the PTD model. Thus, given the demands of the task, level of training and integrity of the brain, amygdalar ACh response can vary to correlate with behavior or not.This example exemplifies that the role of ACh in learning and memory is not a simple story [15,17,34,39]. A current theory is that the ACh level sets the appropriate physiological tone in the hippocampus (and potentially other structures) for learning and later memory as well as related neural adaptation [13,15,17].…”

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confidence: 98%

Selective septohippocampal – but not forebrain amygdalar – cholinergic dysfunction in diencephalic amnesia

2007

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A rodent model of diencephalic amnesia, pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency (PTD), was used to investigate diencephalic-limbic interactions. In-vivo acetylcholine (ACh) efflux, a marker of memory-related activation, was measured in the hippocampus and the amygdala of PTD-treated and pair-fed (PF) control rats while they were tested on a spontaneous alternation task. During behavioral testing, all animals displayed increases in ACh efflux in both the hippocampus and amygdala. However, during spontaneous alternation testing ACh efflux in the hippocampus and the alternation scores were higher in PF rats relative to PTD-treated rats. In contrast, ACh efflux in the amygdala was not suppressed in PTD treated rats, relative to PF rats, prior to or during behavioral testing. In addition, unbiased stereological estimates of the number of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) immunopositive neurons in the medial septal/diagonal band (MS/DB) and nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) also reveal a selective cholinergic dysfunction: In PTD-treated rats a significant loss of ChAT-immunopositive cells was found only in the MS/DB, but not in the NBM. Significantly, these results demonstrate that thiamine deficiency causes selective cholinergic dysfunction in the septohippocampal pathway. Keywords diencephalon; hippocampus; amygdala; microdialysis; acetylcholine; stereology Selective septohippocampal-but not forebrain amygdalarcholinergic dysfunction in diencephalic amnesiaDiencephalic lesions are seen in a range of disorders: malnourishment, ischemic infarcts, viral infections, tumors and traumatic damage. Damage to certain nuclei and fiber systems within the diencephalon interrupts the flow of information between key memory structures and thus causes severe and long-lasting amnesia [25,29,45]. Although there is evidence that lesions to particular diencephalic nuclei result in memory impairment in their own right, there is also evidence that damage to diencephalic nuclei can disrupt memory circuits leading to dysfunction in other regions of the brain [4,29,45,49,53].Corresponding author: Lisa M. Savage, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, 13902, e-mail: lsavage@binghamton.edu, fax: 607-777-4890. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. At one point, WKS patients were labeled as "temporal lobe-related amnesiacs" based on their memory performance [10]. This clinical population was critical for the development of the memory system classifications (i.e., declarative vs. nondeclarative memory [51]). However, it is clear from...

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“…At the behavioral level acetylcholine plays an important role in several aspects of cognitive function such as arousal levels, attention and vigilance, as well as memory and learning (Hasselmo 2006;Steriade 2004). One theory of learning and memory suggests that levels of cholinergic neuromodulation may switch cortical networks between learning and memory-recall modes (Hasselmo 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of cholinergic neuromodulation on neuronal phase-response curves of modeled cortical neurons

2008

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The response of an oscillator to perturbations is described by its phase-response curve (PRC), which is related to the type of bifurcation leading from rest to tonic spiking. In a recent experimental study, we have shown that the type of PRC in cortical pyramidal neurons can be switched by cholinergic neuromodulation from type II (biphasic) to type I (monophasic). We explored how intrinsic mechanisms affected by acetylcholine influence the PRC using three different types of neuronal models: a theta neuron, single-compartment neurons and a multicompartment neuron. In all of these models a decrease in the amount of a spike-frequency adaptation current was a necessary and sufficient condition for the shape of the PRC to change from biphasic (type II) to purely positive (type I).

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The role of acetylcholine in learning and memory

Cited by 1,359 publications

References 64 publications

Vestibular stimulation enhances hippocampal long-term potentiation via activation of cholinergic septohippocampal cells

Vestibular stimulation enhances hippocampal long-term potentiation via activation of cholinergic septohippocampal cells

Selective septohippocampal – but not forebrain amygdalar – cholinergic dysfunction in diencephalic amnesia

The effects of cholinergic neuromodulation on neuronal phase-response curves of modeled cortical neurons

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