The role of aberrant salience in the association between cannabis use frequency and psychotic experiences among racial and ethnic minoritized youth

Anglin, Deidre M.; Tikhonov, Aleksandr; Tayler, Rachel; DeVylder, Jordan

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2021.09.016

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 57 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As the sample was primarily composed of people from Ireland/UK, these results may also not generalise cross-culturally, though this does open avenues for replication of this study using more culturally diverse samples. A recent study has indicated that in undergraduates that identified as black African/African-American or as second generation immigrants, the association between ASI and cannabis use is similar to that demonstrated previously in white undergraduates ( Anglin et al, 2021 ). We did not conduct any biochemical verification of cannabis use, nor did we ask cannabis users time since last intake, thereby not excluding potential differential effects of intoxication, acute withdrawal, protracted withdrawal, or residual effects as opposed to chronic use.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Latent inhibition, aberrant salience, and schizotypy traits in cannabis users

Dawes

Quinn

Bickerdike

et al. 2022

Schizophrenia Research: Cognition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aberrant salience processing may underlie the link between cannabis and psychosis, as posited in individuals with schizophrenia or high schizotypy. We investigated the relative effects of cannabis use, schizotypy status, and self-reported aberrant salience experiences on salience processing, measured using a latent inhibition (LI) task (Granger et al., 2016), in a non-clinical population. A university sample of 346 participants completed the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), Aberrant Salience Inventory (ASI) the modified Cannabis Experience Questionnaire (CEQmv) and the LI task. Regression models and parallel (Bayesian and frequentist) t -tests or ANOVA (or non-parametric equivalents) examined differences in LI based on lifetime or current cannabis use (frequent use during previous year), as well as frequency of use. Mann-Whitney U tests assessed differences in SPQ and ASI scores based on current cannabis use. Neither lifetime nor current cannabis use was associated with significant change in LI scores. Current cannabis use was associated with both higher ‘Disorganised’ and ‘Cognitive-perceptual’ SPQ dimension scores and higher total and sub-scale ASI scores. No association was observed between LI score and SPQ total and dimension scores. Higher scores on ‘Senses sharpening’ and the ‘Heightened cognition’ ASI subscales predicted decreased LI scores. These data support previous findings of no association between cannabis use and abnormality in other associative learning tasks in young non-clinical populations, and elaborate the previously demonstrated association between self-reported cannabis use, schizotypy and aberrant salience. The association between dimensions of ASI and LI performance suggests this task may have potential as an experimental measure of aberrant salience.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Latent inhibition, aberrant salience, and schizotypy traits in cannabis users

Dawes

Quinn

Bickerdike

et al. 2022

Schizophrenia Research: Cognition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…AS appears to be closely connected to cannabis use, suggesting a potential relationship between AS and the effects of cannabis on psychosis ( 45 ). In this context, AS may act as a predisposing pre-clinical risk factor for the development of psychotic disorders among cannabis users, but further research is needed to fully understand this complex relationship ( 46 ). To assess AS Cicero et al ( 47 ) introduced the Aberrant Salience Inventory (ASI) scale, a self-reported questionnaire.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aberrant salience in cannabis-induced psychosis: a comparative study

Ricci,

Di Muzio,

Ceci

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundNatural Cannabis (NC) and Synthetic Cannabinoids (SCs) use can increase the risk and exacerbate the course of psychotic disorders. These could be influenced by the Aberrant Salience (AS) construct. It refers to an excess of attribution of meaning to stimuli that are otherwise regarded as neutral, thereby transform them into adverse, dangerous, or mysterious entities. This leads the patient to engage in aberrant and consequently incorrect interpretative efforts concerning the normal perception of reality and its relationship with our analytical abilities. AS appears to play a significant role in the onset and perpetuation of psychotic disorders. The internal conflict arising from aberrant attributions of significance leads to delusional thoughts, ultimately culminating in the establishment of a self-sustaining psychosis.AimsTo examine the differences between psychoses course not associated with cannabis use and those associated with NC-use and SCs-use, in terms of psychotic and dissociative symptoms, AS, global functioning and suicidal ideation.MethodsA sample of 62 patients with First Episode Psychosis (FEP) was divided into 3 groups: non cannabis users (non-users, N = 20); NC-users or rather Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) users (THC-users, N = 21); SCs-users, commonly referred to as SPICE-users (SPICE-users, N = 20). Each group underwent assessments at the onset of psychotic symptoms, as well as at the 3 months and 6 months marks, utilizing a range of psychopathological scales. These included the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for investigating psychotic symptoms, the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale for assessing overall functioning, the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES-II) for measuring dissociative symptoms, the Scale for Suicide Ideation (SSI) for evaluating suicidal ideation and the Aberrant Salience Inventory (ASI) scale for gauging AS.ResultsSPICE-users showed more severe and persistent positive symptoms, while negative symptoms were mostly represented among non-users. Non-users showed better recovery than SPICE-users in global functioning. All groups showed a decrease in both ASI scores and subscale scores. SPICE-users exhibited higher global AS scores and less improvement in this aspect compared to other groups.ConclusionThis study may help understanding the role of AS in both non-substance-related and substance-induced psychosis. This knowledge may lead clinician to a better diagnosis and identify patient-tailored psychopharmacological treatment.

show abstract

“…There is conflicting evidence that legalizing medical or recreational cannabis make it easier for youth to get cannabis; thus, increasing cannabis use [ 29 – 32 ]. Some literature suggests a link between availability and use even controlling for perceived risk, descriptive norms, and injunctive norms related to use [ 33 , 34 ]. In fact, early research (2010s) suggested that increased availability of cannabis increased cannabis use in both adults and youth [ 30 , 35 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Cannabis-Use Among Students Attending High Schools Within the Cherokee Nation Reservation 2017 and 2019

Campbell,

Chen,

Bailey

et al. 2023

J Community Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Oklahoma’s medical cannabis is some of the least restrictive in the US. Previous research suggests that American Indian/Alaska Native (AIAN) have higher rates of cannabis use than other racial or ethnic groups. The goals of this paper are, first, to look at cannabis use among high school students living on the Cherokee Nation Reservation before (2017) and after (2019) medical cannabis because legal in Oklahoma (2018) utilizing the Cherokee Nation Youth Risk Behavior Survey (CNYRBS). Second, to describe the socio-demographic characteristics of youth using cannabis in the Cherokee Nation Reservation. Data were retrieved from the 2017 and 2019 CNYRBS. The data for this study included 1,216 high school students who completed the 2017 and 1,476 who completed the 2019 CNYRBS. After removal of incomplete records, there were 2,602 students whose data was analyzed in this study. Data were weighted to be representative of public-school students attending grades 9–12 within Cherokee Nation Reservation. Despite the legalization of medical cannabis in Oklahoma in 2018, there was no change in cannabis use among youth between 2017 and 2019. There were variations in cannabis use based on demographic factors and other substance uses. AIAN individuals had higher odds of current cannabis use compared to non-Hispanic White students, but there were no differences based on ethnicity. Additionally, the use of cigarettes, e-cigarettes, alcohol, and illegal drugs were associated with increased odds of cannabis use among both current and former users compared to those who had never used it. There was no spike in use among youth at least immediately after the legalization of cannabis in the Cherokee Nation Reservation. There were socio-demographic as well as substance use disparities in the use of cannabis.

show abstract

The role of aberrant salience in the association between cannabis use frequency and psychotic experiences among racial and ethnic minoritized youth

Cited by 3 publications

References 57 publications

Latent inhibition, aberrant salience, and schizotypy traits in cannabis users

Latent inhibition, aberrant salience, and schizotypy traits in cannabis users

Aberrant salience in cannabis-induced psychosis: a comparative study

Investigating Cannabis-Use Among Students Attending High Schools Within the Cherokee Nation Reservation 2017 and 2019

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About