The rocky intertidal plankton trap RIPT2: A modified device

Castilla, Juan Carlos; Pacheco, Cristián; Varas, Manuel; Ortíz, Verónica Alejandra Salame

doi:10.1080/00364827.2001.10420459

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Depending on the species, and the method and location of collection, samples of a 20 species may be a combination of competent and non competent larvae. For example, vertical 21 plankton net samples taken through the water-column are likely to obtain both types of larvae, 22 while intertidal plankton traps (Castilla et al, 2001) should gather more competent larvae, since 1 they are more likely to be positioned close to the adult habitat. If larvae become competent only 2 near the adult habitat (e.g., crabs, Moreira et al, 2007;corals, Gilmour et al, 2009), plankton 3 samples taken away from the habitat may contain predominantly non-competent larvae.…”

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“…Other trap designs are also appealing (Otaíza, 1989;Castilla et al, 2001), though no studies have 7 compared the different devices in variable field conditions. Settlement, on the other hand, is 8 easily measured in natural and artificial substrata, at least in hard substrate environments, and as 9 long as sampling interval is short, a day or less, mortality may not be an issue (e.g., Connell, 10 1985).…”

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Causes of decoupling between larval supply and settlement and consequences for understanding recruitment and population connectivity

Pineda

Porri

Starczak

et al. 2010

Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology

181

100

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Marine broadcast spawners have two-phase life cycles, with pelagic larvae and benthic adults. 2 Larval supply and settlement link these two phases and are crucial for the persistence of marine 3 populations. Mainly due to the complexity in sampling larval supply accurately, many 4 researchers use settlement as a proxy for larval supply. Larval supply is a constraining variable 5 for settlement because, without larval supply, there is no settlement. Larval supply and 6 settlement may not be well correlated, however, and settlement may not consistently estimate 7 larval supply. 8This paper explores the argument that larval supply (i.e., larval abundance near settlement sites) 9 may not relate linearly to settlement. We review the relationship between larval supply and 10 settlement, from estimates and biases in larval supply sampling, to non-behavioral and 11 behavioral components, including small-scale hydrodynamics, competency, gregarious behavior, 12 intensification of settlement, lunar periodicity, predation and cannibalism. Physical and structural 13 processes coupled with behavior, such as small-scale hydrodynamics and intensification of 14 settlement, sometimes result in under-or overestimation of larval supply, where it is predicted 15 from a linear relationship with settlement. Although settlement is a function of larval supply, 16 spatial and temporal processes interact with larval behavior to distort the relationship between 17 larval supply and settlement, and when these distortions act consistently in time and space, they 18 cause biased estimates of larval supply from settlement data. 19Most of the examples discussed here suggest that behavior is the main source of the decoupling 20 between larval supply and settlement because larval behavior affects the vertical distribution of 21 3 larvae, the response of larvae to hydrodynamics, intensification of settlement, gregariousness, 1 predation and cannibalism. Thus, larval behavior seems to limit broad generalizations on the 2 regulation of settlement by larval supply. Knowledge of the relationship is further hindered by 3 the lack of a well founded theoretical relationship between the two variables. 4The larval supply-settlement transition may have strong general consequences for population 5 connectivity, since larval supply is a result of larval transport, and settlement constrains 6 recruitment. Thus, measuring larval supply and settlement effectively allows more accurate 7 quantification and understanding of larval transport, recruitment and population connectivity. 8 9 4

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Causes of decoupling between larval supply and settlement and consequences for understanding recruitment and population connectivity

Pineda

Porri

Starczak

et al. 2010

Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology

181

100

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“…A variety of passive plankton traps have been described for use to collect cyprids during high tide in the intertidal. Castilla and Varas (1998) and Castilla et al (2001) developed a plankton trap consisting of a collection funnel, a one-way valve and a plankton net to collect plankton during the swash period. Setran (1992) designed a passive plankton trap made with PVC pipe, one end with a rubber-flapped valve and the other with a plankton net.…”

Section: Sampling Barnacle Larvaementioning

confidence: 99%

Collecting and processing thoracican, acrothoracican, and rhizocephalan cirripedes

Chan

Kolbasov

Høeg

2016

Journal of Crustacean Biology

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“…Even though steel pegs and cable ties were used to anchor the traps, most of them were either removed by curious or environmentally conscious people (personal communication; this problem was resolved by tags stating their purpose and origin in later experiments) or swept away after the first storm. Yan et al (2004) introduced a promising type of filter-cup trap that can be easily and cost-effectively assembled as a simplified version of a plankton trap designed and used by Castilla & Varas (1998) and Castilla et al (2001). Deploying a similar trap, bolted to bedrock and placed among boulders, may be a useful method to estimate spatio-temporal variations in settlement of P. elongatus larvae.…”

Section: Larval Supplymentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Dynamics and Life History Characteristics of an Aggregating Species, Petrolisthes Elongatus

Truemper¹

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<p>Intertidal boulder fields are heterogeneous mosaics of different micro-habitat patches providing high structural complexity and spatial variability of environmental conditions that shape the heterogeneity of abundance of species. The influence of the spatial scale at which ecological patterns are measured has gained much attention over the last two decades. The adaptations to environmental conditions as well as the ability to disperse vary among species and, consequently, result in species-specific responses to heterogeneous environments. Understanding the causes and consequences of spatial patterns of abundance of organisms is a central problem in ecology and insight in underlying mechanisms may have important implications for fisheries management and conservation biology. The competing demands organisms are subject to require compromises to optimise fitness and facilitate the persistence of a population. Reproductive trade-offs, for example, may be largely the result of adaptive processes, constrained by phylogenetic effects. Generally, trade-offs are regarded as a key to understand the evolution of life history characteristics. The present study investigates the spatial dynamics and life history adaptations of an aggregating species, the New Zealand half crab, Petrolisthes elongatus. This species has a biphasic lifecycle and occurs in geographically isolated benthic metapopulations that are associated with cobble beaches, where it reaches extremely high densities. Even though sampling was conducted exclusively in the Wellington region, sites at Cook Strait as well as within Wellington Harbour exhibited considerable differences in habitat structure and temperatures as well as wave exposure and food supply. Cobble size was an excellent predictor of both population density and mean carapace width on almost every scale of observation and, therefore, appeared to be an important indicator of habitat quality for P. elongates because cobble size is closely related to availability and size of interstitial space between boulders the crabs utilize as shelters against predation and desiccation pressure. Crab densities were significantly (6-fold) higher within the harbour compared to south coast sites, presumably due to 1) the different availability of shelter space, 2) lower settlement and recruitment rates at Cook Strait, and 3) higher food supply within the harbour. Population structure was mainly influenced by settlement and recruitment, but also by rock size (i.e. shelter size), size selective predation and a higher mobility of larger crabs. Under laboratory conditions, predation rates among small crabs strongly depended on rock size, whereas large crabs were generally rarely to never preyed upon. Migrated distances did not exceed 100cm over 25h in most cases but were different at different sites. While structural complexity could affect mobility (i.e. easier movement among larger rocks), local density and resulting levels of intraspecific competition were possibly the main drivers of limited mobility of adult crabs. P. elongatus exhibits a high phenotypic plasticity of reproductive traits in response to the variable environmental conditions across sites. Female crabs at Island Bay (Cook Strait) showed the highest fecundity, higher percentage of ovigerous females, higher proportion of clutch to body weight (i.e. reproductive output) and higher egg numbers among large individuals compared to similarsized individuals at other sites at the harbour entrance (Breaker Bay) as well as within the harbour (Hutt River mouth). Larvae of P. elongatus strongly responded to waterborne settlement cues released by conspecific adults both in the laboratory and in the field. The average numbers of settlers was 4-fold higher in basket traps deployed in the field if conspecific adults were present. Therefore, settlement patters are strongly influenced by conspecific density, even on a small spatial scale (tens of centimetres). Recently metamorphosed individuals may still respond to conspecific cues, presumably providing guidance to conspecific adults that protect juveniles from predation and desiccation pressure in addition to shelters between boulders. Under laboratory conditions, individual growth rates as well as mortality depended on density but not on food level. Differences in density dependent growth rates and mortality varied with body size and were both more pronounced among smaller crabs. Limb loss significantly influenced the increase in body weight over time, especially among small individuals; however, no differences could be detected regarding changes in body size due to few moults over the course of the experiment. Crabs with removed chelipeds gained more weight over 7 weeks relative to uninjured individuals, presumably due to the limb regeneration process. Reproductive output, however, appeared not to be affected by limb loss and the associated costs of regenerating chelipeds; however, sample sizes were low to reliably detect such differences. The results of my thesis underline the importance of the consideration of spatial scale in ecological studies in order to meaningfully compare results with other studies. Additionally, the present study contributes to elucidate the influence of environmental conditions on density dependence and reproductive traits of mobile intertidal invertebrates.</p>

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The rocky intertidal plankton trap RIPT2: A modified device

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Causes of decoupling between larval supply and settlement and consequences for understanding recruitment and population connectivity

Causes of decoupling between larval supply and settlement and consequences for understanding recruitment and population connectivity

Collecting and processing thoracican, acrothoracican, and rhizocephalan cirripedes

Spatial Dynamics and Life History Characteristics of an Aggregating Species, Petrolisthes Elongatus

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