The RNA-Binding ATPase, Armitage, Couples piRNA Amplification in Nuage to Phased piRNA Production on Mitochondria

Ge, Daniel Tianfang; Wang, Wei; Tipping, Cindy; Gainetdinov, Ildar; Weng, Zhiping; Zamore, Phillip D.

doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2019.04.006

Cited by 73 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…While this paper was in revision, the Zamore laboratory (Ge et al 2019) reported that Armi couples piRNA amplification in nuage to phased piRNA production on mitochondria, and a report by the Siomi laboratory (Ishizu et al 2019) showed that Armi selectively binds to piRNA precursors and is involved in Zuc-dependent phased piRNA biogenesis.…”

Section: Acknowledgmentsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Daedalus and Gasz recruit Armitage to mitochondria, bringing piRNA precursors to the biogenesis machinery

et al. 2019

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The Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) pathway is a small RNA-based immune system that silences mobile genetic elements in animal germlines. piRNA biogenesis requires a specialized machinery that converts long singlestranded precursors into small RNAs of ∼25-nucleotides in length. This process involves factors that operate in two different subcellular compartments: the nuage/Yb body and mitochondria. How these two sites communicate to achieve accurate substrate selection and efficient processing remains unclear. Here, we investigate a previously uncharacterized piRNA biogenesis factor, Daedalus (Daed), that is located on the outer mitochondrial membrane. Daed is essential for Zucchini-mediated piRNA production and the correct localization of the indispensable piRNA biogenesis factor Armitage (Armi). We found that Gasz and Daed interact with each other and likely provide a mitochondrial "anchoring platform" to ensure that Armi is held in place, proximal to Zucchini, during piRNA processing. Our data suggest that Armi initially identifies piRNA precursors in nuage/Yb bodies in a manner that depends on Piwi and then moves to mitochondria to present precursors to the mitochondrial biogenesis machinery. These results represent a significant step in understanding a critical aspect of transposon silencing; namely, how RNAs are chosen to instruct the piRNA machinery in the nature of its silencing targets.

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Section: Acknowledgmentsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Daedalus and Gasz recruit Armitage to mitochondria, bringing piRNA precursors to the biogenesis machinery

et al. 2019

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“…Female sterile (1) Yb (Yb), Armitage (Armi), Sister of Yb (SoYb), Vreteno (Vret), and Shutdown (Shu) are detected at Yb bodies, while Zucchini (Zuc), Gasz, Minotaur (Mino), and Daedalus (Daed) are detected on mitochondria (for details, see Sections 4 and 5) [60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68]. Armi, Vret, and Zuc are also expressed in germ cells [48,63,[67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76]. Germ-specific factors include Brother of Yb (BoYb), Spindle-E/Homeless (Spn-E), and Qin/Kumo (Qin) [64,[77][78][79].…”

Section: The Pirna Pathway In Drosophila Ovaries: the Outlinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Armi has intrinsic, promiscuous RNA-binding activity [72,94]. In the presence of Yb, this "randomized" activity is hidden, but in the absence of Yb, Armi blindly induces the production of non-transposon-targeting piRNAs from bound RNAs [94].…”

Section: Yb Bodies: Cytoplasmic Non-membranous Organelles Where Transmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The remaining 3 end fragment is funneled into phased piRNA biogenesis, from which Piwi-loaded piRNAs and, to a lesser extent, Aub-bound piRNAs are generated (Figure 1b) [74,75,101,104,105]. Translocation of piRNA intermediates from the nuage to mitochondria in germ cells also requires Armi, Gasz, and Daed [67,70,72].…”

Section: Mitochondria: Membranous Organelles That Serve As the Place mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In germ cells, the vast majority of piRNA factors are found in the nuage. This includes Vasa, Armi, Vret, Shu, BoYb, Krimper (Krimp), Spn-E, and Qin [64,65,[67][68][69][70][71][72][73][77][78][79]107]. The hierarchy of these proteins in nuage formation (and/or localization) has primarily been studied genetically, but a solid conclusion has not yet been drawn.…”

Section: Nuage: the Place For Pirna Amplification And Post-transcriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assembly and Function of Gonad-Specific Non-Membranous Organelles in Drosophila piRNA Biogenesis

Hirakata

Siomi

2019

ncRNA

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PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that repress transposons in animal germlines. This protects the genome from the invasive DNA elements. piRNA pathway failures lead to DNA damage, gonadal development defects, and infertility. Thus, the piRNA pathway is indispensable for the continuation of animal life. piRNA-mediated transposon silencing occurs in both the nucleus and cytoplasm while piRNA biogenesis is a solely cytoplasmic event. piRNA production requires a number of proteins, the majority of which localize to non-membranous organelles that specifically appear in the gonads. Other piRNA factors are localized on outer mitochondrial membranes. In situ RNA hybridization experiments show that piRNA precursors are compartmentalized into other non-membranous organelles. In this review, we summarize recent findings about the function of these organelles in the Drosophila piRNA pathway by focusing on their assembly and function.

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Recent advances of PIWI‐interacting RNA in cardiovascular diseases

Li,

Wang,

Cheng

et al. 2024

Clinical & Translational Med

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BackgroundThe relationship between noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and human diseases has been a hot topic of research, but the study of ncRNAs in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is still in its infancy. PIWI‐interacting RNA (piRNA), a small ncRNA that binds to the PIWI protein to maintain genome stability by silencing transposons, was widely studied in germ lines and stem cells. In recent years, piRNA has been shown to be involved in key events of multiple CVDs through various epigenetic modifications, revealing the potential value of piRNA as a new biomarker or therapeutic target.ConclusionThis review explores origin, degradation, function, mechanism and important role of piRNA in CVDs, and the promising therapeutic targets of piRNA were summarized. This review provide a new strategy for the treatment of CVDs and lay a theoretical foundation for future research.Key points piRNA can be used as a potential therapeutic target and biomaker in CVDs. piRNA influences apoptosis, inflammation and angiogenesis by regulating epigenetic modificaions. Critical knowledge gaps remain in the unifying piRNA nomenclature and PIWI‐independent function.

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The RNA-Binding ATPase, Armitage, Couples piRNA Amplification in Nuage to Phased piRNA Production on Mitochondria

Cited by 73 publications

References 81 publications

Daedalus and Gasz recruit Armitage to mitochondria, bringing piRNA precursors to the biogenesis machinery

Daedalus and Gasz recruit Armitage to mitochondria, bringing piRNA precursors to the biogenesis machinery

Assembly and Function of Gonad-Specific Non-Membranous Organelles in Drosophila piRNA Biogenesis

Recent advances of PIWI‐interacting RNA in cardiovascular diseases

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