The risk stratification in community-acquired pneumonia

Özlek, Eda; Biteker, Funda Sungur; Çil, Cem; Çeli̇k, Oğuzhan; Özlek, Bülent; Doğan, Volkan; Biteker, Murat

doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2018.05.061

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Accordingly, prediction of these events early in the course of infection would represent a major advance that could enable early intervention. To this end, various investigators have assessed the utility of biomarkers, both systemic and cardiac, and risk stratification tools, such as severity of illness scores, as well as a combination of these as strategies to optimize outcome prediction in CAP patients (12,23,24). Given the absence of an ideal, single prognostic biomarker, current evidence suggests that measurement of a combination of biomarkers in CAP patients may offer the best predictive strategy.…”

Section: Cardiac Complications In All-cause Capmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the absence of an ideal, single prognostic biomarker, current evidence suggests that measurement of a combination of biomarkers in CAP patients may offer the best predictive strategy. This involves combining measurement of the systemic inflammatory biomarkers, procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP), as indices of disease severity and short-term outcome assessment, with biomarkers of CV risk such as N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (proBNP), mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin (proADM), endothelin and troponins, together with severity of illness scores, such as the CURB-65 score (12,(23)(24)(25). In this setting, it is noteworthy that the CHA2DS2-VASc score has been found to be a good predictor of new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients hospitalized for CAP (25).…”

Section: Cardiac Complications In All-cause Capmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Platelets and Their Role in the Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Feldman

Anderson

2020

Front. Immunol.

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Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world with much recent and ongoing research focused on the occurrence of cardiovascular events (CVEs) during the infection, which are associated with adverse short-term and long-term survival. Much of the research directed at unraveling the pathogenesis of these events has been undertaken in the settings of experimental and clinical CAP caused by the dangerous, bacterial respiratory pathogen, Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus), which remains the most common bacterial cause of CAP. Studies of this type have revealed that although platelets play an important role in host defense against infection, there is also increasing recognition that hyperactivation of these cells contributes to a pro-inflammatory, prothrombotic systemic milieu that contributes to the etiology of CVEs. In the case of the pneumococcus, platelet-driven myocardial damage and dysfunction is exacerbated by the direct cardiotoxic actions of pneumolysin, a major pore-forming toxin of this pathogen, which also acts as potent activator of platelets. This review is focused on the role of platelets in host defense against infection, including pneumococcal infection in particular, and reviews the current literature describing the potential mechanisms by which platelet activation contributes to cardiovascular complications in CAP. This is preceded by an evaluation of the burden of pneumococcal infection in CAP, the clinical features and putative pathogenic mechanisms of the CVE, and concludes with an evaluation of the potential utility of the anti-platelet activity of macrolides and various adjunctive therapies.

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Section: Cardiac Complications In All-cause Capmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cardiac Complications In All-cause Capmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelets and Their Role in the Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Feldman

Anderson

2020

Front. Immunol.

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“…One of the leading factors in the pathogenesis of CAP is the excessive production of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI), which is associated with bacterial or viral-bacterial aggression and insufficiency of the compensatory potential of antioxidant defence (AOD). An imbalance in the oxidative-antioxidant system is one of the key factors in the development of oxidative stress (OS), which plays an important role in the implementation of the molecular-cellular mechanisms of the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases [8,9]. Free radical processes are typical general biological protective reactions of the body, normally providing energy metabolism, proliferation, dif ferentiation of cells, gene expression, immune and adaptive responses, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Main Indicators of the Oxidant-Antioxidant System and Their Relationship With the Force of the Respiratory Muscles in Adult Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Bereznyakov

2021

IJMMR

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Background. Currently, pneumonia ranks 4-5 rate in the world in the structure of death causes after cardiovascular and cancer diseases, cerebrovascular pathology, injuries and poisonings. Objective. The aim of the study was to evaluate the indicators of the oxidative-antioxidant system and their relationship with the strength of the respiratory muscles in adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Methods. The study was carried out in the period 2017-2020 on the basis of the therapeutic department of the Municipal non-profit enterprise "City Clinical Multidisciplinary Hospital № 25" of Kharkiv City Council. The study involved 52 adult patients with CAP aged 18 to 80 years. The control group consisted of 20 apparently healthy humans. It was determinated the activity of malondialdehyde, catalase and superoxide dismutase, level of reduced glutathione, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase. The assessment of the RM strength was investigated by recording the maximum static pressures at the level of the mouth and nose with “closed” airways using a MicroRPM apparatus on the 1st and 10th days of illness. Results. Dysfunction of expiratory respiratory muscles prevailed in patients with non-severe CAP, and inspiratory respiratory muscles in patients with severe CAP. Were established significant negative correlations of malondialdehyde with indicators of respiratory muscles strength and positive correlations with glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase. Conclusions. The presence of relationships between pro- and antioxidant indicators and respiratory muscles strength complements the concept of the body's systemic response on pulmonary inflammation – one of the markers of respiratory muscles dysfunction. KEYWORDS: community-acquired pneumonia, respiratory muscles, oxidative-antioxidant system.

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The risk stratification in community-acquired pneumonia

Cited by 2 publications

References 5 publications

Platelets and Their Role in the Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Platelets and Their Role in the Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Main Indicators of the Oxidant-Antioxidant System and Their Relationship With the Force of the Respiratory Muscles in Adult Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia

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