The Risk of Transfusion-Transmitted Hepatitis E Virus: Evidence from Seroprevalence Screening of Blood Donations

Wong, Li Ping; Lee, Hai Yen; Khor, Chee‐Sieng; Abdul-Jamil, Juraina; Alias, Haridah; Abu-Amin, Noryati; Mat-Radzi, Murniwati; Rohimi, Nurul Ashila; Mokhtardin, Hana Najian; AbuBakar, Sazaly; Tang, Zimin; Wu, Ting; Zhao, Qinjian; Xia, Ningshao

doi:10.1007/s12288-021-01428-7

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The ethnic disparities in the HEV IgG seroprevalence rate found in this study are also in concordance with those previously reported in Malaysia (21). This study found that of the three major ethnic groups in Malaysia, the majority of HEV IgG seropositivity occurred among people of Chinese descent, and only two Malay men were found to be positive for anti-HEV IgG antibodies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Serological Evidence of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) from a Multi-ethnic Study of Asian men (The Subang Men’s Health Study)

Wong,

Tan,

Chua

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Risky health behaviours are expressions of masculinity for men and may be a cause of their high health risks relative to those of their female counterparts. A total of 955 archived serum samples were analysed for anti-HEV immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). This study examined the prevalence of HEV in archived serum samples from the Subang Men's Health Study, in which samples were randomly collected from an affluent township in Malaysia, to determine the prevalence of anti-HEV IgG antibodies. The anti-HEV IgG prevalence of the overall sample was 11.5% (95% CI, 9.6–13.7). Statistically significant differences in the prevalence of IgG anti-HEV antibodies were only found in regard to age-group categories and ethnicity. Seroprevalence rates increased gradually with age. The age group 61–87 years was found to have an over 3-fold higher risk of HEV seropositivity than those aged 40–50 years (OR = 3.43, 95% CI 1.76–6.70). Men with Chinese ethnicity had a nearly 27-fold higher risk of HEV seropositivity than those of Malay ethnicity (OR = 26.99, 95% CI 6.57–110.86). No other statistically significant associations were observed between other variables and HEV seropositivity. Our findings suggest that men in urban townships may have high seroprevalence rates of HEV. In particular, a high anti-HEV seroprevalence rate was found among Chinese men, and the prevalence increased with age.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Serological Evidence of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) from a Multi-ethnic Study of Asian men (The Subang Men’s Health Study)

Wong,

Tan,

Chua

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Studies of HEV PCR positivity rates of blood donors worldwide [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 ]; Table S2. Studies of HEV seroprevalence of blood donors worldwide [ 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70...…”

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Higher Risk of HEV Transmission and Exposure among Blood Donors in Europe and Asia in Comparison to North America: A Meta-Analysis

et al. 2023

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Background and aims: The increasing number of diagnosed hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections in Europe has led to the implementation of the testing of blood products in various countries. Many nations have not yet implemented such screening. To assess the need for HEV screening in blood products worldwide, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis assessing HEV RNA positivity and anti-HEV seroprevalence in blood donors. Methods: Studies reporting anti-HEV IgG/IgM or HEV RNA positivity rates among blood donors worldwide were identified via predefined search terms in PubMed and Scopus. Estimates were calculated by pooling study data with multivariable linear mixed-effects metaregression analysis. Results: A total of 157 (14%) of 1144 studies were included in the final analysis. The estimated HEV PCR positivity rate ranged from 0.01 to 0.14% worldwide, with strikingly higher rates in Asia (0.14%) and Europe (0.10%) in comparison to North America (0.01%). In line with this, anti-HEV IgG seroprevalence in North America (13%) was lower than that in Europe (19%). Conclusions: Our data demonstrate large regional differences regarding the risk of HEV exposure and blood-borne HEV transmission. Considering the cost–benefit ratio, this supports blood product screening in high endemic areas, such as Europe and Asia, in contrast to low endemic regions, such as the U.S.

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“…In our previous study on serum samples of blood donors, none of the Malay blood donors were found to be positive for IgG or IgM against HEV. 27 This could also be a contributing factor to the absence of IgG and IgM HEV antibodies in the current study samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“… 26 Most recently, in 2020, HEV-specific IgG antibodies were detected in 3.1% and IgM in 0.9% of blood donor samples in Malaysia. 27 Of note, the prevalence of HEV viraemia varies among global blood donors. The overall rates of anti-HEV IgG reactivity among blood donors in Europe ranged from 4.7% to 52.5%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological Evidence of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) Infection Among Ruminant Farmworkers: A Retrospective Study from Malaysia

Wong¹,

Tay²,

Chua³

et al. 2022

IDR

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Background As scant data are available about Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in Malaysia, this study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of HEV amongst ruminant farmworkers in Malaysia. Methods A total of 87 farmworkers provided serum samples, which were collected from eight farms. All serum samples were tested for anti-HEV IgG and anti-HEV IgM by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the Wantai HEV-IgG and HEV-IgM ELISA kits from Beijing Wantai Biological Pharmacy Enterprise Co., Ltd, Beijing, China. Results Farmworkers from six cattle farms, one sheep farm and one goat farm were investigated in this study. Only one farm practices zero-grazing, with the rest using rotational grazing. Of the 87 farmworkers, males comprised 83.9%, and almost half (47.1%) were aged 20–35 years old. By ethnic group, the vast majority were Malay. Most of the farmworkers have good hygiene practices; washing or changing their clothes and showering after dealing with farm animals were common. None of the farmworker serum samples had anti-HEV IgM and IgG detected (95% confidence interval (CI): 0, 0.0415). Conclusion The finding suggests that the farmworkers had no previous exposure to Hepatitis E, and were not at risk of occupational exposure to HEV infection. Our findings suggest that a zero seroprevalence of HEV infection among ruminant farmworkers in the Muslim majority country. Good farm management, hygiene practices and the absence of contact with swine-related contamination might have contributed to the no or minimal zoonotic risks of HEV amongst farmworkers surveyed in this study.

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The Risk of Transfusion-Transmitted Hepatitis E Virus: Evidence from Seroprevalence Screening of Blood Donations

Cited by 6 publications

References 43 publications

Serological Evidence of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) from a Multi-ethnic Study of Asian men (The Subang Men’s Health Study)

Serological Evidence of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) from a Multi-ethnic Study of Asian men (The Subang Men’s Health Study)

Higher Risk of HEV Transmission and Exposure among Blood Donors in Europe and Asia in Comparison to North America: A Meta-Analysis

Serological Evidence of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) Infection Among Ruminant Farmworkers: A Retrospective Study from Malaysia

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