The “Rising Tide” of dementia in Canada

Chang, Feng Yee; Patel, Tejal; Schulz, Mary

doi:10.1177/1715163515588107

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…They are trained to identify potential adverse drug reactions (ADR), helping the clinicians to rule out the possibility of these ADRs that may appear to be AD symptoms (Marasco et al, 2003 ). In addition, pharmacists can monitor for the safety and efficacy of medications and medication adherence among the AD patients (Chang et al, 2015 ). Pharmacists can educate AD patients and their caregivers, ensuring that they keep abreast with new drug therapies and updated resources (Chang et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, pharmacists can monitor for the safety and efficacy of medications and medication adherence among the AD patients (Chang et al, 2015 ). Pharmacists can educate AD patients and their caregivers, ensuring that they keep abreast with new drug therapies and updated resources (Chang et al, 2015 ). More recently, the role of pharmacists in the early detection of AD is increasingly emphasized as they are highly visible and easily accessed by the community (Criddle, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Knowledge on Alzheimer's Disease among Public Hospitals and Health Clinics Pharmacists in the State of Selangor, Malaysia

et al. 2017

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The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has increased with the fast growing of aging population, thereby posing great challenges to provision of care for AD patients. Pharmacists play a vital role in the management of AD; this includes recognizing early symptoms of AD, providing medication counseling to AD patients and their caretakers, and identifying potential adverse drug reactions. A comprehensive understanding of the disease progression, as well as the pharmacological therapy, is essential to provide effective care to AD patients. The level of knowledge about AD among the pharmacists, however, remains unknown. Hence, this study aimed to assess the knowledge on AD among the pharmacists in public hospitals and health clinics and its correlates. A clear picture of the characteristics associated with different levels of knowledge could facilitate the targeted re-training of pharmacists. The 30-item validated Alzheimer disease knowledge scale (ADKS) tool was pilot-tested and used in this cross-sectional study. All pharmacists, from nine public hospitals and seven public health clinics in the State of Selangor, Malaysia, were invited to participate in this cross-sectional survey. The ADKS score was computed and compared across demographics characteristics. A total of 445 pharmacists responded to the survey. These pharmacists had a moderate overall score in ADKS; nevertheless, high scores were recorded in the domains of treatment management and care giving. No difference in AD knowledge was found among pharmacists worked in public hospitals and health clinics, except for the domain of care giving (p = 0.033). Ethnicity and age group were independent predictors of ADKS score in the current study. The pharmacists in the current study had moderate AD knowledge. On-going education and training programme on AD, in particular the domains other than treatment management and care giving, should be provided to the pharmacists to ensure delivery of quality care to AD patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge on Alzheimer's Disease among Public Hospitals and Health Clinics Pharmacists in the State of Selangor, Malaysia

et al. 2017

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“…Early detection and diagnosis of declining cognition may not only allow health care providers (HCPs) to intervene in cases where the condition is reversible but also provide early and optimal management, tailored treatment planning, and timely access to education and psychosocial support to those at high risk for dementia [25][26][27]. However, screening for MCI in asymptomatic people 65 years and older is not recommended in Canada [9,28,29] or the United States [30,31]; case finding is the favored approach [32].…”

Section: Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric Evaluation and Workflow Integration Study of a Tablet-Based Tool to Detect Mild Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study

McMurray¹,

Levy²,

Holyoke³

2021

JMIR Res Protoc

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Background With the rapid aging of the global population, experts anticipate a surge in the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia worldwide. It is argued that developing more sensitive, easy to administer, and valid MCI screening tools for use in primary care settings may initiate timely clinical and personal care planning and treatment, enabling early access to programs and services. Including functional competence measures in screening tests makes them more ecologically valid and may help to identify cognitive deficits at an earlier stage. Objective We aim to conduct a preliminary evaluative study comparing the sensitivity, specificity, and reliability of the BrainFx Screen (referred to as SCREEN hereafter), a novel digital tool designed to assess functional competence and detect early signs of cognitive impairment, with the Quick Mild Cognitive Impairment, a validated and highly sensitive tool that detects MCI in the older adult population. We will also investigate the perceived usefulness and integration of the SCREEN into primary care practice to identify demonstrable impacts on clinical workflow and health care providers’ (HCP) perceptions of its success as a screening tool. Patients’ perceptions of completing the SCREEN and its impact on their quality of life will also be explored. Methods This study has a concurrent, mixed methods, prospective, and quasi-experimental design. Participants will be recruited from 5 primary care family health teams (FHTs; defined by multidisciplinary practice and capitated funding) across southwestern Ontario, Canada. Participants will include HCPs, patients, care partners, and FHT administrative executives. Patients 55 years and older with no history of diagnoses for MCI, dementia, or Alzheimer disease rostered in one of the FHTs participating in the study will be eligible to participate. Their care partners will help triangulate the qualitative data collected from patients. Participating FHTs will identify an occupational therapist from their site to participate in the study; this HCP will both administer the research protocol and participate in semistructured in-depth interviews and questionnaires. Principal component analysis will be conducted on the SCREEN data to understand the test components better. Tests comparing sensitivity, specificity, and test-retest reliability will assess the validity of SCREEN as a screening tool for MCI. Results This paper describes the study protocol and its activities to date. Data collection was halted early because of COVID-19 restrictions on research activity, and data analysis is currently in progress. Conclusions At the end of the project, we anticipate having an initial comparative evaluation of the SCREEN as a tool for early detection of MCI in primary care older adult patient populations. Resource constraints on this research study limit our ability to conduct a randomized controlled trial; however, the results will assist developers of the SCREEN in determining whether rigorous controlled testing is warranted. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/25520

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“…The number of people with dementia in Canada has been projected to almost double to 937,000 by 2031. 3 , 4 The economic burden on the Canadian health system is tremendous. In 2011, the total economic burden of care for dementia was approximately $33 billion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This cost is projected to increase to $293 billion by 2040. 4 The number of older persons with dementia living in the community is expected to steadily rise, exacerbated by a projected shortage of long-term care beds. 5…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in prevalence of self-reports of Alzheimer’s disease/dementia among non-institutionalized individuals 45+ in Canada, 1994–2014

Chambers-Richards

Chireh

D’Arcy

2022

Journal of Public Health Research

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Background: Alzheimer’s disease/dementia (AD) prevalence is of concern globally and in Canada owing to the rapidly aging population and increase in life expectancy. This study explored: (1) trends in the overall prevalence of self-reported AD/dementia by sex, age groups, educational levels, and geographic areas in Canada from 1994 to 2014, and (2) assessed what the observed trends mean in the context of the aging Canadian population and the health care system. Design and methods: This cross-sectional study used Canadian national survey data. Data for this study were from two Canadian national health surveys (National Population Health Survey and the Canadian Community Health Survey), between 1994 and 2014. After age-sex standardization, trends in the prevalence of self-reported Alzheimer’s disease/dementia were tracked over time. The two cross-sectional surveys used similar diagnostic criteria over the years. Results: The overall prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease/dementia increased from 0.14 in 1994 to 0.80 in 2014 representing a 0.66-point increase over the 20 years. Alzheimer’s disease/dementia prevalence increased with age across all years but was more pronounced after age 80. Men 65+ years, those with lower education, and Canadians living in Central Canada had an increased prevalence. Conclusions: The overall prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease/dementia in the community increased over time. This study highlights the importance of establishing effective community-based prevention strategies that focus on minimizing risk and optimizing protection as well as health system capacity strengthening and preparation for long-term care including increased demand for neurologists’ services, increased associated disability, psychosocial difficulties, rising costs, and caregiver burden.

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The “Rising Tide” of dementia in Canada

Cited by 24 publications

References 15 publications

Knowledge on Alzheimer's Disease among Public Hospitals and Health Clinics Pharmacists in the State of Selangor, Malaysia

Knowledge on Alzheimer's Disease among Public Hospitals and Health Clinics Pharmacists in the State of Selangor, Malaysia

Psychometric Evaluation and Workflow Integration Study of a Tablet-Based Tool to Detect Mild Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study

Trends in prevalence of self-reports of Alzheimer’s disease/dementia among non-institutionalized individuals 45+ in Canada, 1994–2014

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