The Rise of the Virtual State

Democracy and armed conflict

“…First, joint democracy may itself give rise to joint interests, such as an interest in the promotion of democratic regimes or through similar incentives for political leaders to expand the territory they control. The profitability of occupation is less certain for democratic leaders than for autocratic countries, since the benefits of occupation have to be shared between almost as many as those who bear the costs (Rosecrance, 1986). Moreover, in order to extract much from the conquered territory, the people resident there have to be denied the political rights that are held by the citizens of the occupying country.…”

“…The democratic peace seen as merely 'joint interests' (Gartzke, 1998) may also be a function of economic development, as noted in Rosecrance (1986) and Gartzke (2007). Well into the 20th century, an 'obsession with land' was the major cause of war since states could improve their position by seizing other nations' territory (Rosecrance, 1986: 48).…”

“…At the same time, nationalist resistance to occupation became more frequent, increasing the cost of extracting resources from a territory (also see Boix, 2003: 44-45). In addition, the diversity of resources employed speaks against a military strategy (Rosecrance, 1986;Brooks, 1999). Development may provide the motive and means for a state to seize a particular territory from another by force, but it also increases its dependence on third parties.…”

1st INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS MANAGEMENT - “NEW CHALLENGES IN BUSINESS RESEARCH" - Conference proceedings

“…Developing this idea, today it is cheaper as a state to exercise economic power than military force. (Rosecrance, 1986) Approaches in economic security analysis Asiatic approach (macroeconomic). The complexity of the concept of security makes the different dimensions of it to be often treated separately.…”

Prosperous Pacifists: The Effects of Development on Initiators and Targets of Territorial Conflict

“…Conquest of economies heavily dependent on regular infusions of capital and on willing labor with perishable skills makes little sense if occupation scares away investors or creative workers (Rosecrance 1985(Rosecrance , 1996. 1 Modern production processes are also distributed globally, making vertical integration through subjugation difficult (Brooks 1996(Brooks , 2005.…”