The rise of bio-inspired polymer compartments responding to pathology-related signals

Zartner, Luisa; Muthwill, Moritz S.; Dinu, Ionel Adrian; Schoenenberger, Cora‐Ann; Palivan, Cornelia G.

doi:10.1039/d0tb00475h

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 214 publications

(274 reference statements)

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“…[11] In general, the imaging property of theranostic systems is achieved via encapsulation of fluorescent dyes or MRI agents within the 'imaging' polymersome. [1,4,5,11] The communication between the external environment and the polymersome cavity where enzymes were located, was accomplished by permeabilization of the polymer membrane via incorporation of pore forming proteins (Outer membrane protein F, OmpF). [14,15] This way, substrates reached the encapsulated enzymes and the resulting therapeutic product diffused out of the polymersomes to act on nearby cells.…”

Section: Optimization Polymersome Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…liposomes and polymersomes as they consist of an amphiphilic membrane enclosing an aqueous cavity and therefore allow for integrating hydrophobic compounds within their membrane and loading their cavity with hydrophilic compounds. [4][5][6] In addition, the external surface of nanocompartments can be functionalized to gain targeting properties, especially in the case of polymersomes as they benefit from the sheer endless chemical versatility of polymers. [4] As polymersomes have an increased mechanical stability compared to liposomes, they appear to be ideal materials for building a non-toxic nanotheranostic platform, adaptable to different applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[4] As polymersomes have an increased mechanical stability compared to liposomes, they appear to be ideal materials for building a non-toxic nanotheranostic platform, adaptable to different applications. [4,5] The architecture of nanothernostic systems usually comprises assemblies simultaneously containing therapeutic and imaging compounds, for example via co-encapsulation of both agents inside soft-nanocompartments. [7] However, co-encapsulation can be detrimental for sensitive compounds or negatively affect the encapsulation efficiency of active agents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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DNA-tethered Polymersome Clusters as Nanotheranostic Platform

Meyer

Schoenenberger

Liu

et al. 2021

Chimia

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Nanotheranostics combine the use of nanomaterials and biologically active compounds to achieve diagnosis and treatment at the same time. To date, severe limitations compromise the use of nanotheranostic systems as potent nanomaterials are often incompatible with potent biomolecules. Herein we emphasize how a novel type of polymersome clusters loaded with active molecules can be optimized to obtain an efficient nanotheranostic platform. Polymersomes loaded with enzymes and specific dyes, respectively and exposing complementary DNA strands at their external surface formed clusters by means of DNA hybridization. We describe factors at the molecular level and other conditions that need to be optimized at each step of the cluster formation to favor theranostic efficiency.

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Section: Optimization Polymersome Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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DNA-tethered Polymersome Clusters as Nanotheranostic Platform

Meyer

Schoenenberger

Liu

et al. 2021

Chimia

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“…Self-sustained oscillations are ubiquitous in living organisms, and the periodic rhythms are correlated to many biological processes, such as heartbeat, respiration, and cell cycle 1 – 3 . Remarkably, even at a single-cell level, transient oscillations of intracellular microenvironments are prevalent 4 – 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oscillating the local milieu of polymersome interiors via single input-regulated bilayer crosslinking and permeability tuning

et al. 2022

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The unique permselectivity of cellular membranes is of crucial importance to maintain intracellular homeostasis while adapting to microenvironmental changes. Although liposomes and polymersomes have been widely engineered to mimic microstructures and functions of cells, it still remains a considerable challenge to synergize the stability and permeability of artificial cells and to imitate local milieu fluctuations. Herein, we report concurrent crosslinking and permeabilizing of pH-responsive polymersomes containing Schiff base moieties within bilayer membranes via enzyme-catalyzed acid production. Notably, this synergistic crosslinking and permeabilizing strategy allows tuning of the mesh sizes of the crosslinked bilayers with subnanometer precision, showing discriminative permeability toward maltooligosaccharides with molecular sizes of ~1.4-2.6 nm. The permselectivity of bilayer membranes enables intravesicular pH oscillation, fueled by a single input of glucose. This intravesicular pH oscillation can further drive the dissipative self-assembly of pH-sensitive dipeptides. Moreover, the permeabilization of polymersomes can be regulated by intracellular pH gradient as well, enabling the controlled release of encapsulated payloads.

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“…[19][20][21] Thus, polymersomes are well suited for many applications including sensing, drug production/delivery, imaging, theranostics and to function as artificial organelles. [19,22] Scheme 1. Polymerization of L-DOPA or dopamine within polymersomes mimicking the maturation of native melanosomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Melanogenesis by Confining Melanin/Polydopamine Production inside Polymersomes

Meyer

Schoenenberger

Wehr

et al. 2021

Macromolecular Bioscience

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Melanin and polydopamine are potent biopolymers for the development of biomedical nanosystems. However, applications of melanin or polydopamine-based nanoparticles are limited by drawbacks related to a compromised colloidal stability over long time periods and associated cytotoxicity. To overcome these hurdles, a novel strategy is proposed that mimics the confinement of natural melanin in melanosomes. Melanosome mimics are developed by co-encapsulating the melanin/polydopamine precursors L-DOPA/dopamine with melanogenic enzyme Tyrosinase within polymersomes. The conditions of polymersome formation are optimized to obtain melanin/polydopamine polymerization within the cavity of the polymersomes. Similar to native melanosomes, polymersomes containing melanin/polydopamine show long-term colloidal stability, cell-compatibility, and potential for cell photoprotection. This novel kind of artificial melanogenesis is expected to inspire new applications of the confined melanin/polydopamine biopolymers.

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The rise of bio-inspired polymer compartments responding to pathology-related signals

Abstract: Self-organized nano- and microscale polymer compartments such as polymersomes, giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs), polyion complex vesicles (PICsomes) and layer-by-layer (LbL) capsules have increasing potential in many sensing applications.

Cited by 12 publications

References 214 publications

DNA-tethered Polymersome Clusters as Nanotheranostic Platform

DNA-tethered Polymersome Clusters as Nanotheranostic Platform

Oscillating the local milieu of polymersome interiors via single input-regulated bilayer crosslinking and permeability tuning

Artificial Melanogenesis by Confining Melanin/Polydopamine Production inside Polymersomes

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