The ripple effects of funding on researchers and output

Sattari, Reza; Bae, Jung; Berkes, Enrico; Weinberg, Bruce A.

doi:10.1126/sciadv.abb7348

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Its simplicity suggests that sustained increases in available scientific labor for any reason, to an individual research group or to an entire institution, can be expected to proportionally increase scientific productivity. This prediction is supported by recent work on the effects of grant funding on faculty, graduate, and postdoctoral hiring and productivity (37). Our results enrich that understanding by uncovering the role of prestige: Prestigious institutions receive far more funding, which equates to more available research labor, and, in disciplines with collaboration norms, that labor advantage drives greater faculty productivity via coauthorship (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Labor advantages drive the greater productivity of faculty at elite universities

et al. 2022

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Faculty at prestigious institutions dominate scientific discourse, producing a disproportionate share of all research publications. Environmental prestige can drive such epistemic disparity, but the mechanisms by which it causes increased faculty productivity remain unknown. Here, we combine employment, publication, and federal survey data for 78,802 tenure-track faculty at 262 PhD-granting institutions in the American university system to show through multiple lines of evidence that the greater availability of funded graduate and postdoctoral labor at more prestigious institutions drives the environmental effect of prestige on productivity. In particular, greater environmental prestige leads to larger faculty-led research groups, which drive higher faculty productivity, primarily in disciplines with group collaboration norms. In contrast, productivity does not increase substantially with prestige for faculty publications without group members or for group members themselves. The disproportionate scientific productivity of elite researchers can be largely explained by their substantial labor advantage rather than inherent differences in talent.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Labor advantages drive the greater productivity of faculty at elite universities

et al. 2022

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“…30 Less access to funding or less funding for women means that it is less likely the research will be completed as proposed and can lower the productivity levels of women. 31 Studies also show that from assistant professor through professor, the h-index increases with subsequent academic rank. 32 However, women are often under-represented in positions of high rank in ophthalmology societies and are not being promoted to positions of professorship or faculty at the same rate as men or women in other specialties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…A Hong Kong-based study showed that women received more funding from their institutions, but men were more likely to receive public research funding, showing that man academics access a more comprehensive range of external funding 30. Less access to funding or less funding for women means that it is less likely the research will be completed as proposed and can lower the productivity levels of women 31…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Research productivity and gender of research award recipients in international ophthalmology societies

Nguyen,

Venkatesh,

Biyani

et al. 2024

BMJ Open Ophth

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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to assess the research productivity and gender of award recipients of ophthalmology research awards in international societies.MethodsThis is a retrospective, observational study. The study population included award recipients of research awards from 36 ophthalmologic societies (listed on the International Council of Ophthalmology database) in 99 years (1922–2021). A gender-specific pronoun and a photograph of each award recipient were extracted from professional websites to assign their gender. Research productivity levels were retrieved from the Elsevier Scopus author database. The main outcome measures were gender distribution of award recipients per year, mean h-index per year, mean m-quotient per year, mean h-index by society, and mean m-quotient by society.ResultsOut of 2506 recipients for 122 awards, 1897 (75.7%) were men and 609 (24.3%) were women. The proportion of woman recipients increased from 0% in 1922 to 41.0% in 2021. Compared with 2000–2010 (19.8%, 109 of 550), women received a greater proportion of awards (48.4%, 459 of 949) in the last decade, from 2011 to 2021. Furthermore, men more often had greater h-index scores and m-quotient scores.ConclusionsWomen received awards (24.3%) at a lower rate than men (75.7%) while also exhibiting lower productivity, supporting the existence of a gender disparity. Our study found that women are under-represented in research awards, and further investigation into award selection processes and gender membership data is recommended.

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“…Furthermore, the United States allocates a significant number of resources to scientific research (National Science Board, National Science Foundation, 2022), offering considerable funding opportunities for both academic and industry-driven research. This not only encourages research activities but also supports research teams in conducting their studies (Sattari et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy for prolonged grief symptoms in children and adolescents: A systematic review.

Saladino,

Verrastro,

Calaresi

et al. 2024

International Journal of Stress Management

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Children and adolescents who experience the loss of a beloved one in traumatic circumstances can experience prolonged grief symptoms, characterized by symptomatology that may alter the grieving process, impair global functioning, and interact with cognitive development. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been showing significant results in treating grief-related issues. The present systematic review assessed the effectiveness of CBT for prolonged grief symptoms in the pediatric population. This study was carried out by two independent reviewers who searched electronic databases through a combination of keywords and a set of inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 20 studies were selected and data were synthesized in these categories: characteristics of the participants; specificities of the instruments; effectiveness of CBT. The results of this systematic review highlighted significant improvements in prolonged grief symptoms and global functioning following CBT. No significant age, gender, or ethnicity differences were found in most studies. The Inventory of Prolonged Grief for Children/Adolescents and the Inventory of Complicated Grief–Revised for Children appear to be the pediatric population’s most sensitive prolonged grief measures. The treatments were adapted based on various contextual and structural factors without losing clinical significance. Significant effect sizes were found for primary and most secondary outcomes. This systematic review underlines the effectiveness of CBT for prolonged symptoms in the pediatric population. Nonetheless, the included studies had a certain degree of heterogeneity, and their quality varied due to some biases. A validation procedure of standard methodologies for prolonged grief symptoms in children and adolescents is required to establish shared directions both in research and clinical settings.

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The ripple effects of funding on researchers and output

Cited by 12 publications

References 22 publications

Labor advantages drive the greater productivity of faculty at elite universities

Labor advantages drive the greater productivity of faculty at elite universities

Research productivity and gender of research award recipients in international ophthalmology societies

The effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy for prolonged grief symptoms in children and adolescents: A systematic review.

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