The RING-Type E3 Ligase XBAT35.2 Is Involved in Cell Death Induction and Pathogen Response

Liu, Hongxia; Ravichandran, Sridhar; Teh, Ooi-Kock; McVey, Sarah; Lilley, Carly; Teresinski, Howard J; Gonzalez-Ferrer, Carmen; Mullen, Robert T.; Hofius, Daniel; Prithiviraj, Balakrishnan; Stone, Sophia L.

doi:10.1104/pp.17.01071

Cited by 42 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Quantitative RT-PCR was performed using Luna qPCR master mix (New England Biolabs). Arabidopsis GADPH was used as the reference gene 28 , 29 . Five biological replicates were performed for each analysis (N = 5).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arabidopsis cryptochrome is responsive to Radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields

Albaqami

Hammad

Pooam

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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How living systems respond to weak electromagnetic fields represents one of the major unsolved challenges in sensory biology. Recent evidence has implicated cryptochrome, an evolutionarily conserved flavoprotein receptor, in magnetic field responses of organisms ranging from plants to migratory birds. However, whether cryptochromes fulfill the criteria to function as biological magnetosensors remains to be established. Currently, theoretical predictions on the underlying mechanism of chemical magnetoreception have been supported by experimental observations that exposure to radiofrequency (RF) in the MHz range disrupt bird orientation and mammalian cellular respiration. Here we show that, in keeping with certain quantum physical hypotheses, a weak 7 MHz radiofrequency magnetic field significantly reduces the biological responsivity to blue light of the cryptochrome receptor cry1 in Arabidopsis seedlings. Using an in vivo phosphorylation assay that specifically detects activated cryptochrome, we demonstrate that RF exposure reduces conformational changes associated with biological activity. RF exposure furthermore alters cryptochrome-dependent plant growth responses and gene expression to a degree consistent with theoretical predictions. To our knowledge this represents the first demonstration of a biological receptor responding to RF exposure, providing important new implications for magnetosensing as well as possible future applications in biotechnology and medicine.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arabidopsis cryptochrome is responsive to Radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields

Albaqami

Hammad

Pooam

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…XBAT32 modulates the abundance of ethylene biosynthesis enzymes and promotes lateral root production (Nodzon et al ., 2004; Prasad et al ., 2010; Lyzenga et al ., 2012). XBAT35 transcript is alternatively spliced producing two isoforms: nuclear‐localized XBAT35.1 and Golgi‐ and cytosol‐localized XBAT35.2 (Carvalho et al ., 2012; Liu et al ., 2017). Both isoforms were shown to be involved in ethylene signaling as negative regulators of apical hook curvature (Carvalho et al ., 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both isoforms were shown to be involved in ethylene signaling as negative regulators of apical hook curvature (Carvalho et al ., 2012). More recently, XBAT35.2, but not XBAT35.1, was found to promote cell death and pathogen defense (Liu et al ., 2017). Similar to many other E3 ubiquitin ligases, XBAT35.2 undergoes self‐regulation, promoting its own proteasome‐dependent degradation (Liu et al ., 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recently, XBAT35.2, but not XBAT35.1, was found to promote cell death and pathogen defense (Liu et al ., 2017). Similar to many other E3 ubiquitin ligases, XBAT35.2 undergoes self‐regulation, promoting its own proteasome‐dependent degradation (Liu et al ., 2017). ACD11, a ceramide‐1‐phosphate transfer protein and known regulator of cell death and plant defense responses, was identified as a potential substrate for XBAT35.2 (Brodersen et al ., 2002; Simanshu et al , 2014; Liu et al ., 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arabidopsis RING‐type E3 ubiquitin ligase XBAT35.2 promotes proteasome‐dependent degradation of ACD11 to attenuate abiotic stress tolerance

Serio

Schofield

et al. 2020

The Plant Journal

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Plants employ multiple mechanisms to cope with a constantly changing and challenging environment, including using the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) to alter their proteome to assist in initiating, modulating and terminating responses to stress. We previously reported that the ubiquitin ligase XBAT35.2 mediates the proteasome-dependent degradation of Accelerated Cell Death 11 (ACD11) to promote pathogen defense. Here, we demonstrate roles for XBAT35.2 and ACD11 in abiotic stress tolerance. As seen in response to pathogen infection, abiotic stress stabilizes XBAT35.2 and the abundance of ACD11 rose consistently with increasing concentrations of abscisic acid (ABA) and salt. Surprisingly, exposure to ABA and salt increased the stability of ACD11, and the overexpression of ACD11 improves plant survival of salt and drought stress, suggesting a role for ACD11 in promoting tolerance. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of ABA or salt resulted in ubiquitination and the proteasome-dependent degradation of ACD11, however. The stress-induced turnover of ACD11 requires XBAT35.2, as degradation is slowed in the absence of the E3 ubiquitin ligase. Consistent with XBAT35.2 mediating the proteasome-dependent degradation of ACD11, the loss of E3 ubiquitin ligase function enhances the tolerance of salt and drought stress, whereas overexpression increases sensitivity. A model is presented where, upon the perception of abiotic stress, ACD11 abundance increases to promote tolerance. Meanwhile, XBAT35.2 accumulates and in turn promotes the degradation of ACD11 to attenuate the stress response. The results characterize XBAT35.2 as an E3 ubiquitin ligase with opposing roles in abiotic and biotic stress. Keywords: abiotic stress tolerance, abscisic acid (ABA), ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS), RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase, XBAT35 (for XB3 ortholog 5 in Arabidopsis thaliana), regulated protein degradation.

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“…Furthermore, BPA1 and BPL2/3/4 can stabilize ACD11 to suppress ROS production and cell death (Li et al 2019). Besides BPAs, the alternative splicing isoform of a Golgi-located E3 ligase, XBAT35.2, also interacts with ACD11 and promotes its 26S proteasomedependent turnover (Liu et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide identification and molecular evolution analysis of BPA genes in green plants

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2020

Phytopathol Res

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling plays a central role in plant immune response. BPAs, referred to as binding partner 1 of accelerated cell death 11 (ACD11) (BPA1) and BPA1-like proteins, regulate ROS-mediated defense responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, their distribution and evolutionary characteristics in the plant lineage remain unexplored. In this study, we demonstrated that most BPA genes form a plant-specific family with expansion events observed. We found that BPA and ACD11 genes co-exist in all land plants, suggesting that this immune regulatory module may originate at the early stage of land plant emergence and contribute to their colonization. Angiosperm BPAs can be classified into four distinct groups (I-IV) in our analysis. Domain organization and motif composition are highly conserved within each group but divergent across different groups. In certain species, BPAs undergo complex alternative splicing, suggesting their regulatory and functional divergence. The protein-protein interaction network we constructed predicted additional acting partners of BPAs. The yeast twohybrid assay revealed 15 BPA interaction pairs forming homo-or hetero-dimers. Taken together, our results provide the first synopsis of BPA evolutionary pattern and adaptations to green plant colonization.

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The RING-Type E3 Ligase XBAT35.2 Is Involved in Cell Death Induction and Pathogen Response

Cited by 42 publications

References 70 publications

Arabidopsis cryptochrome is responsive to Radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields

Arabidopsis cryptochrome is responsive to Radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields

Arabidopsis RING‐type E3 ubiquitin ligase XBAT35.2 promotes proteasome‐dependent degradation of ACD11 to attenuate abiotic stress tolerance

Genome-wide identification and molecular evolution analysis of BPA genes in green plants

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