The right to sell or buy a kidney: are we failing our patients?

Friedlaender, Michael M.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)08030-3

Cited by 103 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Anlass für die anhaltende Diskussion ist zum einen der fortbestehende Mangel an postmortalen Organspenden, zum anderen die real existierende Praxis des Organverkaufs und Organhandels, die trotz des weltweiten Verbots in verschiedenen Staaten, v. a. in Entwicklungsländern, routinemäßig von Spendern und Empfängern in Anspruch genommen wird [6].…”

Section: Lebendorganspende Gegen Entgeltunclassified

“…Doch die Motivationen und Wertesysteme von anderen Menschen und Kulturen im Hinblick auf den menschlichen Kör-per zu beurteilen,gilt einigen Verfechtern des Organhandels als Arroganz und vor allem unangebrachter Paternalismus [3,6,11]. Vielmehr gelte es, im Sinne einer freiheitlichen Weltanschauung die Selbstbestimmung und autonome Entscheidung zu respektieren, zumal den Betroffenen keine anderen Alternativen aufgezeigt werden können, ihre Armut und Not zu mindern [17].…”

Section: Selbstbestimmung Des Individuumsunclassified

“…Es gibt daher von Befürwortern des Organhandels Überlegungen, die derzeit unkontrollierten Praktiken zu entkriminalisieren und Wege zu finden, sie besser zu kontrollieren und regulieren [6]. Eine institutionalisierte Evaluation der potenziellen Spender und Empfänger, basierend auf klaren Selektionskriterien, sowie angemessene peri-und postoperative Versorgung, wie sie für die altruistische Lebendspende heute Standard ist, könnten dazu beitragen, das unkalkulierbare Risiko für Spender zu verringern und seine Sicherheit zu wahren.…”

Section: Ist Eine Regulierung Des Organhandels Möglich?unclassified

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Ethische Grundfragen zur Lebendspende

Nagel

Mayer

2003

Chirurg

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A characteristic feature of transplanting organs from living donors is that not only patients in need for treatment but also healthy individuals are submitted to medical interventions. Ethical considerations in this field have to deal with the question of property attributes of the human body and conflicts with traditional medical principles. Altruistic organ donation, appreciated by Christianity as a sign of charity, is indeed contradictory to the classic maxim of medical ethics "primum nihil nocere, " meaning "first of all, do not harm." The autonomous choice of a potential donor has to be balanced thoroughly against his personal physical and psychological risks. Apart from organ donation with altruistic motives, commercial incentives or payment for organ donation, which are increasingly under discussion in many nations, need profound ethical reflection. Organ selling does not lead to long-term economic benefit for individual donors in developing countries and is associated with a decline in health. A market system of organ sales would foster exploitation of the poor, and it is substantially doubtful whether autonomy and self determination are valid under circumstances of poverty and coercion. Commodification of the human body risks viewing persons as marketable objects. The human body,however, is an integral element of an individual's personality and not a resource to be removed. It is therefore fundamental that the social good of altruism is preserved as the major principle in organ donation.

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Section: Lebendorganspende Gegen Entgeltunclassified

Section: Selbstbestimmung Des Individuumsunclassified

Section: Ist Eine Regulierung Des Organhandels Möglich?unclassified

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Ethische Grundfragen zur Lebendspende

Nagel

Mayer

2003

Chirurg

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“…Le commerce d'organes est explicitement défendu, excluant toute indemnisation financière pour le donneur ou sa famille [5,6]. On souligne ainsi le principe de solidarité dans le don d'organe et on s'oppose à des développements globaux [7,8]. On met ainsi fin à la dispersion de législation qui existait auparavant en Suisse à ce sujet.…”

Section: Législationunclassified

Stratégies contre le manque dorganes dans la médecine de transplantation

Nett¹,

Stüssi²,

Weber³

et al. 2003

Forum Med Suisse

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“…1 While the proponents of a market solution argue that suppliers would not be victimised in such a market since they are autonomous, freely choosing agents who own their bodies (Friedlaender 2002, Savulescu 2003, Slabbert 2008, Matas 2004, opponents argue that they would indeed be victimised since they would primarily be As such, debates over the implications of a regulated market are an example of a more general discourse found in contemporary scholarly, as well as public, debates in which victimhood is reduced to a question of agency versus passivity (see Dahl 2009). In structuring the issue of commercially remunerated organ suppliers' victimhood around a dichotomy between autonomous agency, on the one hand, and exploitable passivity, on the other, the participants in the organ trade debate reduce the complexity characterising victimhood into a binary trope that turns people into representatives of highly charged moral standpoints.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Complexities of Victimhood: Insights from the Organ Trade

Gunnarson

Lundin

2015

Somatechnics

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The aim of this paper is to explore the complexity of the concept of the victim within the context of organ trading. By examining the intricate phenomenon of organ trade, we show how prevailing notions of victimhood form the basis of concrete social practices. The empirical basis for this exploration comprises in-depth interviews conducted during fieldwork in South Africa and Kosovo. We also draw on research undertaken at various expert meetings.What our research in these locations attests to is that one-dimensional and generalised conceptualisations of victimhood are rife, and that these tend to be founded on a pre-theorised opposition between agency and victimhood. For persons who become practically and intimately involved in dealing with cases of organ trade -such as investigators and prosecutors -such conceptualisations do not hold. What is required is an understanding of victimhood that takes into account its complexity. In the paper, we explore attempts to grasp and reduce this complexity, and argue against generalised concepts of victimhood and for concepts that are sensitive to contextual and relational variations.2

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The right to sell or buy a kidney: are we failing our patients?

Cited by 103 publications

References 12 publications

Ethische Grundfragen zur Lebendspende

Ethische Grundfragen zur Lebendspende

Stratégies contre le manque dorganes dans la médecine de transplantation

The Complexities of Victimhood: Insights from the Organ Trade

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The right to sell or buy a kidney: are we failing our patients?

Cited by 103 publications

References 12 publications

Ethische Grundfragen zur Lebendspende

Ethische Grundfragen zur Lebendspende

Stratégies contre le manque dorganes dans la médecine de transplantation

The Complexities of Victimhood: Insights from the Organ Trade

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Stratégies contre le manque dorganes dans la médecine de transplantation