The rice pds1 locus genetically interacts with partner to cause panicle exsertion defects and ectopic tillers in spikelets

Abstract

Background Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) is a staple food crop worldwide. Its yield and quality are affected by its tillering pattern and spikelet development. Although many genes involved in the vegetative and reproductive development of rice have been characterized in previous studies, the genetic mechanisms that control axillary tillering, spikelet development, and panicle exsertion remain incompletely understood. Results Here, we characterized a novel rice recombinant inbred line (RIL), panicle exsertion defect and aberrant spikelet ( pds ). It was derived from a cross between two indica varieties, S142 and 430. Intriguingly, no abnormal phenotypes were observed in the parents of pds . This RIL exhibited sheathed panicles at heading stage. Still, a small number of tillers in pds plants were fully exserted from the flag leaves. Elongated sterile lemmas and rudimentary glumes (occurred occasionally) were observed in the spikelets of the exserted panicles and were transformed into palea/lemma-like structures. Furthermore, more interestingly, tillers occasionally grew from the axils of the elongated rudimentary glumes. Via genetic linkage analysis, we found that the abnormal phenotype of pds manifesting as genetic incompatibility or hybrid weakness was caused by genetic interaction between a recessive locus, pds1 , which was derived from S142 and mapped to chromosome 8, and a locus pds2 , which not yet mapped from 430. We fine-mapped pds1 to an approximately 55-kb interval delimited by the markers pds-4 and 8 M3.51 . Six RGAP-annotated ORFs were included in this genomic region. qPCR analysis revealed that Loc_Os080595 might be the target of pds1 locus, and G1 gene might be involved in the genetic mechanism underlying the pds phenotype. Conclusions In this study, histological and genetic analyses revealed that the pyramided pds loci resulted in genetic incompatibility or hybrid weakness in rice might be caused by a genetic interaction between pds loci derived from different rice varieties. Further isolation of pds1 and its interactor pds2 , would provide new insight into the molecular regulation of grass inflorescence development and exsertion, and the evolution history of the extant rice. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12870-019-1805-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

A Sheathed Spike Gene, TaWUS-like Inhibits Stem Elongation in Common Wheat by Regulating Hormone Levels

“…Hence, the disorder of cell microtubule arrangement was observed in the stem tissues with obvious changes of BR content, while normal phenotype was found for cell shape or arrangement in the stem tissues with only significant changes of GA. Therefore, we believe that the shortening of internodes of wheat is related to the obvious inhibition of cell division and longitudinal elongation by TaWUS-like , while GA and BR together are involved in the regulation of genes expression of stem development, which is different from the previous reports that GA or BR alone regulates internode elongation [ 5 , 20 , 25 ].…”

A Sheathed Spike Gene, TaWUS-like Inhibits Stem Elongation in Common Wheat by Regulating Hormone Levels

“…Combined with previous studies and our results, we believed that BR was involved in the regulation of the formation and normal elongation of intercalary meristem, but we speculated that BR may affect the formation of internodes earlier than GA, so that the disorder of cell microtubule arrangement was observed in the stem tissues with obvious changes of BR content, while no changes was found for cell shape or arrangement in the stem tissues with only signi cant changes of GA. Therefore, we believe that the shortening of internodes of wheat is related to the obvious inhibition of cell division and longitudinal elongation by TaWUS-like, while GA and BR are together involved in the regulation of genes expression of stem development, which is different from the other reports that GA or BR just alone regulate internode elongation [5,20,25].…”

Novel quantitative trait loci for yield and yield related traits identified in Basmati rice (Oryza sativa)

“…The region was earlier reported to govern grain length and breadth related traits, namely, qRRL7.1 , qRRB7.1 , qMRL7.1 , qMRB7.1 , and qMRLB7.1 (Amarawathi et al, 2008; Malik et al, 2022). The genomic region spanning the QTL qPL8.1 was identified to possess the gene, pds1 governing inflorescence development and panicle exsertion (Jiang et al, 2019). Among the several genes associated to panicle development, genes such as, LP1 (Liu, Shen, et al, 2016), DEP2 (Li et al, 2010), and DEP3 (Qiao et al, 2011) have been cloned and functionally characterized.…”

“…The genomic region spanning the QTL qPL8.1 was identified to possess the gene, pds1 governing inflorescence development and panicle exsertion (Jiang et al, 2019). Among the several genes associated to panicle development, genes such as, LP1 (Liu, Shen, et al, 2016), DEP2 (Li et al, 2010), and DEP3 (Qiao et al, 2011) have been cloned…”