The Rhizobium-plant symbiosis

Rhijn, Pieternel van; Vanderleyden, Jozef

doi:10.1128/mr.59.1.124-142.1995

Cited by 309 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 294 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…Legumes and actinorhizal plants belong to the nitrogen-fixing clade Fabids or Eurosid I, collectively termed the FaFaCuRo [ 1 , 2 ]. These plants have acquired the ability to develop endosymbiotic relationships with various proteobacteria, collectively called rhizobia, and with actinobacteria from the genus Frankia [ 3 , 4 , 5 ]. In these symbioses, prokaryotes fix nitrogen derived from the air, which is provided to host plants in exchange for carbon sources derived from photosynthesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and Development of the Legume-Rhizobial Symbiotic Interface in Infection Threads

Tsyganova

Brewin

Tsyganov

2021

Cells

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The intracellular infection thread initiated in a root hair cell is a unique structure associated with Rhizobium-legume symbiosis. It is characterized by inverted tip growth of the plant cell wall, resulting in a tunnel that allows invasion of host cells by bacteria during the formation of the nitrogen-fixing root nodule. Regulation of the plant-microbial interface is essential for infection thread growth. This involves targeted deposition of the cell wall and extracellular matrix and tight control of cell wall remodeling. This review describes the potential role of different actors such as transcription factors, receptors, and enzymes in the rearrangement of the plant-microbial interface and control of polar infection thread growth. It also focuses on the composition of the main polymers of the infection thread wall and matrix and the participation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the development of the infection thread. Mutant analysis has helped to gain insight into the development of host defense reactions. The available data raise many new questions about the structure, function, and development of infection threads.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and Development of the Legume-Rhizobial Symbiotic Interface in Infection Threads

Tsyganova

Brewin

Tsyganov

2021

Cells

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“…All Rhizobia show host specificity to some extent and Rlv is capable of nodulating all species in the tribe Vicieae, which includes the genera Vicia, Lathyrus, Pisum and Lens (Allen, 1981). Usually in legume-Rhizobium symbiosis it is host specificity that determines the attachment of Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium species to the legume roots, but studies show that for the Rhizobium-pea system, it is the conditions under which the rhizobia are grown that strongly influences the attachment to roots (Rhijn and Vanderleyden, 1995). This is believed to be due to low inoculation efficiency of the Rlv strains and poorly studied strain-cultivar specificity (Fesenko et al, 1995).…”

Section: Bacterial Inoculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agro-Process Intensification through Synthetic Rhizosphere Media for Nitrogen Fixation and Yield Enhancement in Plants

Akay¹,

Burke²

2012

American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences

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Problem statement: In order to combat global warming and the emerging Food, Energy and Water shortages (FEWs), several approaches have been adopted, including genetic engineering and farming practices. Biomass based energy technology will further stress food and water resources and hence novel holistic approaches to FEWs should be designed. Approach: A novel technique (Agro-Process Intensification, A-PI) which simultaneously addresses FEWs in general and food production in particular was described. The technique was based on the enhancement of multiple interactions between plant roots, water, nutrients and bacteria using soil additives in the form of micro-bioreactors which allow plant root growth through them thus generating a micro-environment acting as a Synthetic Rhizo Sphere (SRS). The SRS-media was a nano-structured micro-porous crosslinked, elastic, ionic and highly hydrophilic polymer, facilitating the efficient use of water and nutrients as well as nitrogen fixation in legumes. Results: SRS media, with or without bacteria, was prepared, characterized and used in greenhouse experiments. Grass, for which the enhancement was well above 200% under water stress, was used to evaluate the mechanism of A-PI. The pea plant was used to demonstrate the intensification achievable by biologically active micro-bioreactors in which nitrogen fixing bacteria, Rhizobia, were supported within the SRS-media. Biologically active SRS-media enhanced the plant root infection by nitrogen fixing bacteria and increased both crop yield (ca. 70%) and mineral content. Conclusion/Recommendations: A-PI is achieved principally through the elimination of the random nature of the root/water/nutrient/microorganism interactions. The association of SRS-media with plant roots provides a unique and efficient delivery technique for water and nutrients while protecting beneficial bacteria within the SRS for infection enhancement. Focus on the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of yield enhancement and SRS formation as well as performance in field trials, especially in marginal land under water and nutrient stress, are recommended

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“…The Fabaceae are also the main plant family engaging in symbiotic relationships with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, broadly referred to as rhizobia, that induce the neo-organogenesis of nodules, mostly on the roots, inside which the bacteria carry out their mutualism [ 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Legumes of the Sardinia Island: Knowledge on Symbiotic and Endophytic Bacteria and Interactive Software Tool for Plant Species Determination

Muresu

Porceddu

Concheri

et al. 2022

Plants

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A meta-analysis was carried out on published literature covering the topic of interactive plant microbiology for botanical species of legumes occurring within the boundary of the Italian island Sardinia, lying between the Tyrrhenian and the western Mediterranean seas. Reports were screened for the description of three types of bacterial occurrences; namely, (a) the nitrogen-fixing symbionts dwelling in root nodules; (b) other bacteria co-hosted in nodules but having the ancillary nature of endophytes; (c) other endophytes isolated from different non-nodular portions of the legume plants. For 105 plant species or subspecies, over a total of 290 valid taxonomical descriptions of bacteria belonging to either one or more of these three categories were found, yielding 85 taxa of symbionts, 142 taxa of endophytes in nodules, and 33 in other plant parts. The most frequent cases were within the Medicago, Trifolium, Lotus, Phaseolus, and Vicia genera, the majority of symbionts belonged to the Rhizobium, Mesorhizobium, Bradyrhizobium, and Sinorhizobium taxa. Both nodular and extra-nodular endophytes were highly represented by Gammaproteobacteria (Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Pantoea) and Firmicutes (Bacillus, Paenibacillus), along with a surprisingly high diversity of the Actinobacteria genus Micromonospora. The most plant-promiscuous bacteria were Sinorhizobium meliloti as symbiont and Bacillus megaterium as endophyte. In addition to the microbial analyses we introduce a practical user-friendly software tool for plant taxonomy determination working in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet that we have purposely elaborated for the classification of legume species of Sardinia. Its principle is based on subtractive keys that progressively filter off the plants that do not comply with the observed features, eventually leaving only the name of the specimen under examination.

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The Rhizobium-plant symbiosis

Cited by 309 publications

References 294 publications

Structure and Development of the Legume-Rhizobial Symbiotic Interface in Infection Threads

Structure and Development of the Legume-Rhizobial Symbiotic Interface in Infection Threads

Agro-Process Intensification through Synthetic Rhizosphere Media for Nitrogen Fixation and Yield Enhancement in Plants

Legumes of the Sardinia Island: Knowledge on Symbiotic and Endophytic Bacteria and Interactive Software Tool for Plant Species Determination

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