The Rhipicephalus appendiculatus tick vector of Theileria parva is absent from cape buffalo (Syncerus caffer) populations and associated ecosystems in northern Uganda

Obara, Isaiah; Githaka, Naftaly; Nijhof, Ard M.; Krücken, Jürgen; Nanteza, Ann; Odongo, David; Lubembe, Donald M.; Atimnedi, Patrick; Mijele, Domnic; Njeri, Alice; Mwaura, Stephen; Owido, Gad; Ahmed, Jabbar S.; Clausen, Peter‐Henning; Bishop, Richard P.

doi:10.1007/s00436-020-06728-x

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…DNA samples were obtained through (1) active sampling of animals for this project; this was done in collaboration with the Kenya Wildlife Service at the Ol Pejeta Conservancy, Kenya, or (2) secondary use of DNA samples previously collected; this included samples previously collected and published from Tanzania 14 , Uganda 66 , and Mozambique, Botswana, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Niger, Burkina Faso, Gabon Central African Republic and Chad 5 , 6 , 8 . For sample collection in Kenya, buffalo were darted and sedated by qualified veterinary personnel from KWS, and 10 ml blood collected into Paxgene Blood DNA tubes from peripheral venous sampling.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continent-wide genomic analysis of the African buffalo (Syncerus caffer)

Talenti,

Wilkinson,

Cook

et al. 2024

Commun Biol

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The African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) is a wild bovid with a historical distribution across much of sub-Saharan Africa. Genomic analysis can provide insights into the evolutionary history of the species, and the key selective pressures shaping populations, including assessment of population level differentiation, population fragmentation, and population genetic structure. In this study we generated the highest quality de novo genome assembly (2.65 Gb, scaffold N50 69.17 Mb) of African buffalo to date, and sequenced a further 195 genomes from across the species distribution. Principal component and admixture analyses provided little support for the currently described four subspecies. Estimating Effective Migration Surfaces analysis suggested that geographical barriers have played a significant role in shaping gene flow and the population structure. Estimated effective population sizes indicated a substantial drop occurring in all populations 5-10,000 years ago, coinciding with the increase in human populations. Finally, signatures of selection were enriched for key genes associated with the immune response, suggesting infectious disease exert a substantial selective pressure upon the African buffalo. These findings have important implications for understanding bovid evolution, buffalo conservation and population management.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continent-wide genomic analysis of the African buffalo (Syncerus caffer)

Talenti,

Wilkinson,

Cook

et al. 2024

Commun Biol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…DNA samples were obtained through (1) active sampling of animals for this project; this was done in collaboration with the Kenya Wildlife Service at the Ol Pejeta Conservancy, Kenya, or (2) secondary use of DNA samples previously collected; this included samples previously collected and published from Tanzania [14], Uganda [64], and Mozambique, Botswana, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Niger, Burkina Faso, Gabon Central African Republic and Chad [5, 6, 8]. For sample collection in Kenya, buffalo were darted and sedated by qualified veterinary personnel from KWS, and 10 ml blood collected into Paxgene Blood DNA tubes from peripheral venous sampling.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Relevant research approvals were obtained in all instances; for the active sampling within this study, approval was obtained from the Kenya Wildlife Services (permit number KWS/BRM/5001). For secondary use of DNA samples previously collected, relevant permits are Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute and Tanzania Commission for Science and Technology (permit number 2021-262-NA-2021-066) [14] and Uganda Wildlife Authority (permit number COD/96/05) [64], or details are provided in [5, 6, 8].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continent-wide genomic analysis of the African buffalo (Syncerus caffer)

Talenti,

Wilkinson,

Cook

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) is a wild bovid with a historical distribution across much of sub-Saharan Africa. Genomic analysis can provide insights into the evolutionary history of the species, and the key selective pressures shaping populations, including assessment of population level differentiation, population fragmentation, and population genetic structure. In this study we generated the highest qualityde novogenome assembly (2.65 Gb, scaffold N50 69.17 Mb) of African buffalo to date, and sequenced a further 195 genomes from across the species distribution. Principal component and admixture analyses provided surprisingly little support for the currently described four subspecies, but indicated three main lineages, in Western/Central, Eastern and Southern Africa, respectively. Estimating Effective Migration Surfaces analysis suggested that geographical barriers have played a significant role in shaping gene flow and the population structure. Estimated effective population sizes indicated a substantial drop occurring in all populations 5-10,000 years ago, coinciding with the increase in human populations. Finally, signatures of selection were enriched for key genes associated with the immune response, suggesting infectious disease exert a substantial selective pressure upon the African buffalo. These findings have important implications for understanding bovid evolution, buffalo conservation and population management.

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“…Anaplasma sp is mainly transmitted through the Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus tick as the primary vector [14]. Meanwhile, the primary Theleria vector is Rhipicephalus appendiculatus [15].…”

Section: Prevalence Rate Of Blood Protozoa Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence rate of blood parasite infection and hematological profile of buffalo in Agam Regency

Yellita,

Ananda,

Roza

2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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One of the factors causing the low population of buffaloes is disease. Parasite infection is often neglected because it does not cause sudden death but also causes high morbidity and reduces the productivity of buffalo livestock. This study aimed to determine the prevalence rate of blood parasite infection and hematological profile in buffalo in Agam District. A total of 40 swamp buffaloes. Blood samples taken from V. Jugularis were collected using a sterile syringe of about 5mL; then, the blood was placed inside the EDTA vacutainer. The specimens were tested for blood parasites using Giemsa staining of a blood smear, identified by microscopy, and erythrocyte, Hematocrit, and Hemoglobin by hematology analyzer Exigo H400. The examination showed that only the Anaplasma sp and Theleria sp blood parasites had prevalence rates of 67,5% and 22,5%, and parasitemia rates of 0,7% and 0,5%. The average Erythrocyte, Hematocrite, and Haemoglobine buffalo infected by Anaplasma sp respectively 5.9±2.3×106/µL; 31.5±3,9%; 11.8±1.2g/dL and buffalo infected by Theleria sp were 5.7±2.1×106/µL; 34.9±3.5%; 10.9±2.5%. This experiment concluded that the buffalo in the Agam district was only infected by Anaplasma sp and Theleria sp, with low parasitemia levels. There was no co-infection. The profile of hematology (Erythrocyte et al.) for buffalo infected by Anaplasma and Theleria sp decreased compared to harmful infection.

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The Rhipicephalus appendiculatus tick vector of Theileria parva is absent from cape buffalo (Syncerus caffer) populations and associated ecosystems in northern Uganda

Cited by 6 publications

References 18 publications

Continent-wide genomic analysis of the African buffalo (Syncerus caffer)

Continent-wide genomic analysis of the African buffalo (Syncerus caffer)

Continent-wide genomic analysis of the African buffalo (Syncerus caffer)

Prevalence rate of blood parasite infection and hematological profile of buffalo in Agam Regency

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