The Review of Hybridization of Transition Metal-Based Chalcogenides for Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes

Abstract

Transition metal chalcogenides as potential anodes for lithium-ion batteries have been widely investigated. For practical application, the drawbacks of low conductivity and volume expansion should be further overcome. Besides the two conventional methods of nanostructure design and the doping of carbon-based materials, the component hybridization of transition metal-based chalcogenides can effectively enhance the electrochemical performance owing to the synergetic effect. Hybridization could promote the advantages of each chalcogenide and suppress the disadvantages of each chalcogenide to some extent. In this review, we focus on the four different types of component hybridization and the excellent electrochemical performance that originated from hybridization. The exciting problems of hybridization and the possibility of studying structural hybridization were also discussed. The binary and ternary transition metal-based chalcogenides are more promising to be used as future anodes of lithium-ion batteries for their excellent electrochemical performance originating from the synergetic effect.

Enhancing the Electrochemical Performance of ZnO-Co3O4 and Zn-Co-O Supercapacitor Electrodes Due to the In Situ Electrochemical Etching Process and the Formation of Co3O4 Nanoparticles

“…Since the structure of manufactured electrodes changes significantly as a result of their operation in an electrolyte, it is necessary to test the electrode for the stability of its parameters during cycling. This is crucial because cobalt oxide undergoes a very significant volumetric change during electrochemical oxidation-reduction [41][42][43][44][45][46][47], which causes the degradation of the properties of electrodes.…”

“…Discussions on the use of ZnO and different compounds based on it, such as ZnO-CoO, as well as ZnO-CoO core-shell nanostructures for energy storage/ conversion, lithium-ion batteries, and supercapacitors, can be found in recent reviews [41][42][43][44][45]. Yan et al, prepared a three-dimensional nanostructure of CoO/ZnO-NrGO using a simple solvothermal method followed by freeze-drying, in which CoO/ZnO nanoclusters were fixed on N-doped 3D reduced graphene oxide as the anode material for a lithium-ion battery [46].…”

“…The synthesis of zinc compounds with other transition metals, such as Mn, Mo, Ni, etc., as well as with carbon materials, makes it possible to achieve high specific capacitance values, and several ZnO-based systems have been tested as an electrode material for supercapacitors [14,41,43]. Solid solutions of quaternary transition metal oxides such as NiCoMoZnO x have also been tested as a material for supercapacitors and have shown promising results with a capacity of 0.41 mA h cm −2 , corresponding to the CF value of 2.12 F cm −2 obtained for NiCoMoZnO x electrodes [58].…”

“…Composites containing zinc and cobalt oxides in various forms have also shown a good performance when used as electrode materials for supercapacitors [14,[41][42][43][44][45][46][47]. Using a ZnO/CoO composite as the electroactive material in an electrode exhibits an enhanced super-capacitive performance of 85 mA h g −1 (~681 F g −1 ), attained at a significantly high current density of 20 A g −1 [49].…”