The reversing trend in suicide rates in Shanghai, China, from 2002 to 2020

Qiao, Jiaying; Xia, Tian; Fang, Bo; Cai, Renzhi; Chen, Lei; Qian, Naisi; Yu, Huiting; Jin, Shan; Wang, Chunfang; Fu, Chen

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.056

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Notably, the ASMR of suicide in the youth group aged 10-24 years has reversed in recent years, which is identical to the trend observed in Shanghai [34], and college students are reported to have higher risks of suicidality [35]. The uprising tendency in more high-income areas (the urban and eastern), especially among men, was significant, as reported in Japan [36].…”

Section: Principal Findingssupporting

confidence: 63%

Trends in Cause-Specific Injury Mortality in China in 2005-2019: Longitudinal Observational Study

Zhang¹,

Ji²,

Wu³

et al. 2023

JMIR Public Health Surveill

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Background Over the last few decades, although the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) of injury has shown a significant declining trend in China, this pattern has dramatically reversed recently. Objective We aimed to elucidate the geographical, demographic, and temporal trends of cause-specific injuries, the reversal phenomenon of these trends, and the fluctuations of injury burden from 2005 to 2019 in China. Methods A longitudinal observational study was performed using the raw data of injury deaths in the National Cause-of-Death surveillance data provided by the disease surveillance points system in 2005-2019. The cause-specific injuries were divided into disparate subgroups by sex, age, urban/rural region, and eastern/central/western areas of China. The burden of injury was assessed using potential years of life lost (PYLL), average years of life lost (AYLL), and PYLL rate (PYLLR). Temporal trends of mortality rates and burden were evaluated using best-fitting joinpoint models. Results Injury deaths accounted for 7.51% (1,156,504/15,403,835) of all-cause deaths in China in 2005-2019. The crude mortality rate of all-cause injury was 47.74 per 100,000 persons. The top 3 injury types (traffic accident, falls, and suicide) accounted for 70.57% (816,145/1,156,504) of all injury-related deaths. The ASMR of all-cause injury decreased (P=.003), while the crude mortality rate remained unchanged (P=.52) during 2005-2019. A significant reverse trend in ASMR of all-cause injury was observed in urban older adults since 2013, mainly due to the inverted trend in injuries from falls. A reverse trend in ASMR of suicide was observed among individuals aged 10-24 years, with notable increases by 35.18% (annual percentage change 15.4%, 95% CI 4.1%-28.0%) in men since 2017. The AYLL and PYLLR of all-cause injury among older adults showed consistent ascending trends from 2005 to 2019 (average annual percentage change [AAPC] 6.1%, 95% CI 5.4%-6.9%, 129.04% increase for AYLL; AAPC 5.4%, 95% CI 2.4%-8.4%, 105.52% increase for PYLLR). The AYLL due to suicide for individuals aged 10-24 years showed a considerable upswing tendency (AAPC 0.5%, 95% CI 0.4%-0.7%, 8.02% increase). Conclusions Although the ASMR of all-cause injury decreased in China from 2005 to 2019, the trend in suicide among adolescents and young adults and falls among older adults has been on the rise in recent years. Interventions should be encouraged to mitigate the cause-specific burdens of injury death.

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Section: Principal Findingssupporting

confidence: 63%

Trends in Cause-Specific Injury Mortality in China in 2005-2019: Longitudinal Observational Study

Zhang¹,

Ji²,

Wu³

et al. 2023

JMIR Public Health Surveill

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…No significant change was observed in the 15–24 year age group, and a substantial increase in suicide mortality was identified in the youngest age group (5–14 years) [ 15 ]. Similarly, research from Shanghai reported a reversal in the downward trend of suicide rates between 2002 and 2020, with a concurrent rise in depression diagnoses among suicide victims [ 16 ]. Additionally, several studies suggest a potentially heightened risk for suicidality among females during adolescence [ 17 – 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of drug overdose suicide attempts presenting to the psychiatric emergency department of Beijing Anding Hospital

Tu,

Liu,

Zhu

et al. 2024

BMC Public Health

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Background Overdose-related suicide attempts represent a significant portion of self-harm presentations in the psychiatric emergency department (ED). Identifying specific patient characteristics associated with these attempts holds promise for pinpointing drug classes with elevated risk and paving the way for tailored suicide prevention interventions. This study aims to examine the demographic profiles of ED patients who had experienced overdose-related suicide attempts. Methods This retrospective study was conducted at Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, from January 2020 to December 2021. Patients with psychiatric drug overdose suicide attempts presenting to the psychiatric ED were included. Sociodemographic characteristics and the specific classes of drugs involved were collected, and analysed descriptively. Results This study examined 252 overdose patients, excluding 51 patients treated with alcohol or nonpsychiatric drugs, and a total 201 cases were included. The mean age of the patients was 28 ± 16 years (median 23, range 12–78), and 82% (n = 165) of the sample were females. Notably, nearly half (45%) of the patients were aged ≤ 20 years. While the number of cases decreased with increasing age, a significant increase was observed in 2021 compared to 2020. Benzodiazepines (BZDs) were the most frequently implicated substance class (n = 126, 63%), followed by antidepressants (n = 96, 48%), antipsychotics (n = 44, 22%), Z-drugs (n = 43, 21%), and mood stabilizers (n = 36, 18%). For adolescents, antidepressants (n = 52, 71%) overtook BZDs (n = 38, 52%) as the most common drug. The monthly distribution of cases revealed peaks in April and November. Furthermore, 21% (n = 42) of patients ingested more than two psychotropic medications concurrently. Finally, approximately half (n = 92) of the patients required inpatient admission for further treatment. Comparisons between hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients did not reveal any significant differences. Conclusions The present study revealed a greater prevalence of suicide overdose attempts among young females receiving prescriptions for antidepressants and/or BZDs. This finding suggests a potential need for enhanced monitoring of suicidal behaviour in this specific population when prescribing psychotropic medications. These findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge regarding drug overdose suicide attempts in psychiatric emergency settings and underscore the importance of further research to develop targeted prevention interventions.

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“…However, there has been an increasing trend from 2009 to 2020, mainly due to notable increase in adolescent’s suicides. Additionally, around 22 % of suicides were accompanied by depression( Qiao et al, 2022 ). This finding suggests a potential change in risk factors that requires further investigation in order to gain a comprehensive understanding of the evolving societal landscape.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The reversing trend in suicide rates in Shanghai, China, from 2002 to 2020

Cited by 12 publications

References 34 publications

Trends in Cause-Specific Injury Mortality in China in 2005-2019: Longitudinal Observational Study

Trends in Cause-Specific Injury Mortality in China in 2005-2019: Longitudinal Observational Study

Characteristics of drug overdose suicide attempts presenting to the psychiatric emergency department of Beijing Anding Hospital

Social support systems involved in suicide prevention and intervention among adolescents: A Delphi study in Shanghai

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