The returns to occupational foreign language use: Evidence from Germany

Abstract

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Language Ability or Personality Works?: The Return to Possessing a Global English Test Certificate for College Graduates in China

“…The results suggest that there is a positive link between English proficiency and individual's earning in the U.S.A. and U.K. (Chiswick, 1991;Chiswick & Miller, 2002;Kossoudji, 1988). English is also crucial for wage premiums in the labor markets of some non-English-speaking countries, such as Germany (Stöhr, 2015), Israel (Lang & Siniver, 2009), India (Azam, Chin, & Prakash, 2013), and Korea (Choi, 2015). The relationship between higher English language proficiency and higher earnings can be explained in a direct and indirect way.…”

Barriers of Culture, Networks, and Language in International Migration: A Review

“…Besides, a number of studies look at foreign language (other than the local language) skills (Grin 2001, Fry, Lowell 2003, Henley, Jones 2005, Christofides, Swidinsky 2010, Williams 2011, Ginsburgh, Prieto-Rodriguez 2011, Toomet 2011, Isphording 2013, Di Paolo, Tansel 2015, Stohr 2015, Chiswick, Miller 2016. Although acquiring a foreign language skill is not compulsory for migrants to integrate, mastering a foreign language skill has its economic value and is well appreciated in the labour market in most cases (European Commission 2008).…”

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