The Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study (REDS): rationale and methods

Zuck, Thomas F.; Thomson, Ruth; Schreiber, George B.; Gilcher, Ronald O.; Kleinman, Steven; Murphy, E L; Ownby, Helen E.; Williams, Alan E.; Busch, Michael P.; Smith, James W.; Nass, Catharie C.; Hollingsworth, Charles G.; Nemo, George J.

doi:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1995.351196110900.x

Cited by 87 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Specimens from blood donors (n ϭ 100) who tested negative for HBsAg by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were obtained from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study (REDS) (37) and were tested using the HBV real-time PCR assay to determine clinical specificity. All samples were stored at Ϫ70°C until processing and testing.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time PCR Assay for Detection and Quantification of Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes A to G

et al. 2006

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The detection and quantification of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA play an important role in diagnosing and monitoring HBV infection as well as assessing therapeutic response. The great variability among HBV genotypes and the enormous range of clinical HBV DNA levels present challenges for PCR-based amplification techniques. In this study, we describe the development, evaluation, and validation of a novel real-time PCR assay designed to provide accurate quantification of DNA from all eight HBV genotypes in patient plasma specimens. A computer algorithm was used to design degenerate real-time PCR primers and probes based upon a large number (n ‫؍‬ 340) of full-length genomic sequences including HBV genotypes A to H from Europe, Africa, Asia, and North and South America. Genotype performance was tested and confirmed using 59 genotype A to G specimens from two commercially available worldwide genotype panels. This assay has a dynamic range of at least 8 log 10 without the need for specimen dilution, good clinical intra-and interassay precision, and excellent correlation with the Bayer Diagnostics VERSANT HBV DNA 3.0 (branched DNA) assay (r ‫؍‬ 0.93). Probit analysis determined the 95% detection level was 56 IU/ml, corresponding to 11 copies per PCR well. The high sensitivity, wide linear range, good reproducibility, and genotype inclusivity, combined with a small sample volume requirement and low cost, make this novel quantitative HBV real-time PCR assay particularly well suited for application to large clinical and epidemiological studies.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time PCR Assay for Detection and Quantification of Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes A to G

et al. 2006

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“…11,13,22,24 We designed the present study to investigate the causes of discontinuity of blood donation among donors in Shiraz, Iran.…”

Section: Objectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Although a large number of people are eligible to donate, only a few individuals donate and only a small number of them donate blood regularly. 13,22,23 In a study in the United States, out of 60% of the population that was eligible to donate, only 5% actually donated. 13 Another study showed that only 6% of first-time donors returned for donation regularly, and 62% of them never donated again.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12,23,[26][27][28] A study in Australia showed that if the donor return rate decreased from 88% to 85% over a two-year period, the number of first-time donors would be increased to 33%. 22 A previous study showed that a higher donor return rate was influenced by having information about patients' needs, having good experiences with previous donations and receiving assurance from the blood center. 29 A lower rate was correlated with medical unfitness for donation, fear of side effects, not having enough time to donate, inaccessibility of donor centers, unsuitability of donation hours and having bad experiences with previous donations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Causes of discontinuity of blood donation among donors in Shiraz, Iran: cross-sectional study

Kasraian

2010

Sao Paulo Med. J.

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CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The adequacy of blood depends on blood donation rates and numbers of blood donors. To prepare adequate blood supplies, it is essential to investigate the barriers and factors that stop individuals from donating. This study aimed to identify the causes of lapsed donation at our center. DESIGN AND SETTING:Cross-sectional study of volunteer blood donors in Shiraz, Iran. The participants were recruited by letter and telephone, and were interviewed using a specially designed questionnaire that contained items on demographic characteristics, donor motivations and reasons for not returning to donate. We used the chi-square test to identify associations between lapsed donor characteristics and reasons for declining to donate. METHODS: RESULTS:The greatest motivation for donation was altruism. The most frequent reasons for lapsed donation were lack of time because of work and self-exclusion for medical reasons. Among first-time donors, the most frequent reasons were unsuitability for donation and lack of time. CONCLUSIONS:The reasons for not returning to donate are varied and may correlate with demographic characteristics. In this study, the main reason for not returning was lack of time. Changing donation hours so that donors can donate after work, providing mobile teams at workplaces, and shortening the duration of the donation process may help increase repeat donation rates. RESUMENCONTEXTO Y OBJETIVO: La idoneidad de la sangre y los productos sanguíneos depende de las tasas de donación y el número de donantes. Para preparar un suministro suficiente es esencial conocer las barreras y los factores que llevan a los individuos a dejar de donar. Hemos diseñado un estudio tipo encuesta para identificar las causes de la dejación de donar en nuestro centro. DISEÑO Y EMPLAZAMIENTO: Estudio transversal de los donantes de sangre voluntarios en Shiraz (Irán).MÉTODOS: Hemos seleccionado 850 donantes históricos que donaron entre el 1 de enero del 2005 y el 1 de junio del 2005, pero que no habían vuelto a donar para junio del 2008. Los participantes fueron reclutados por escrito (carta) y por teléfono, y fueron entrevistados con un cuestionario diseñado específicamente para este estudio y que contenía ítems sobre las características demográficas, las motivaciones del donante y las razones por las que no había vuelto a donar. Usamos la prueba de la ji-cuadrado para identificar las asociaciones entre la dejación de donar y las razones por dejar de donar.RESULTADOS: La motivación más frecuente para donar fue el altruismo. Las razónes más frecuentes para dejar de donar fue la falta de tiempo por motivos laborales, y la auto-exclusión por razones médicas. En los donantes primerizos, las razones más frecuentes fueron la no-idoneidad para donar y la falta de tiempo por motivos laborales. CONCLUSIONS:Las razones que llevan a la dejación de donar son diversas y pueden estar relacionadas con las características demográficas. In este estudio la razón principal fue la falta de tiempo por motivos laborales. Un cam...

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“…In the late 1980s, the NHLBI (NIH) recognized the need for a prospective, multicenter research program focused on blood safety, and issued a competitive ‘request for proposals’ that led to development of the Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study (REDS) [36]. REDS, which is currently funded through 2003, is conducted by investigators at 5 large, geographically dispersed blood centers and collaborating hospitals, a coordinating center and supporting central laboratories.…”

Section: Blood Safety Surveillance Programsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oversight and Monitoring of Blood Safety in the United States

et al. 1999

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The US blood safety vigilance system is composed of a network of interwoven programs, now organized under a formal structure, with the Assistant Secretary of Health and DHHS Blood Safety Committee bearing overall responsibility. It takes advantage of the breadth of expertise and close collaborative relationship of transfusion medicine and infectious disease scientists within and outside of the government. Core elements include an array of ongoing surveillance programs for monitoring established as well as new and emerging infectious agents that may pose a risk to blood safety, and the existence of historical and contemporary repositories of donor and recipient specimens that enable rapid investigation of putative new risks. This report summarizes the historical events that shaped the US blood safety oversight system, reviews the current organization and decision–making processes related to blood safety issues, and highlights key surveillance systems and research programs which monitor the US and global blood supplies for known and potential emerging risks.

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The Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study (REDS): rationale and methods

Cited by 87 publications

References 27 publications

Real-Time PCR Assay for Detection and Quantification of Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes A to G

Real-Time PCR Assay for Detection and Quantification of Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes A to G

Causes of discontinuity of blood donation among donors in Shiraz, Iran: cross-sectional study

Oversight and Monitoring of Blood Safety in the United States

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