The Restorative Dentist and Orthodontist

Arhun, Neslihan; Arman‐Özçırpıcı, Ayca; Çehreli, Sevi Burçak; Gülşahı, Kamran; Özsoy, Ömur Polat

doi:10.1002/9781119870081.ch17

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 455 publications

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“…Protruding or poking wires are another issue that orthodontic patients may face. The archwires used in braces can sometimes shift or extend beyond the last bracket, irritating the soft tissues of the mouth (17). Patients can attempt to gently push the wire back into place using a clean and disinfected instrument, such as a pencil eraser or cotton swab.…”

Section: Figure 1: Ludwig's Angina In a 3-year-old Boy With Staphyloc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Pediatric Dental Emergencies

Kushari,

AlManie,

Alshehri

et al. 2023

JOHS

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Pediatric dental emergencies encompass a wide range of acute oral health issues in children that require immediate attention. These emergencies can result in pain, functional impairment, and long-term dental problems if not addressed promptly. They account for a significant portion of children's first dental visits. Life-threatening dental emergencies in children include situations where a child's life or health is at immediate risk. These can involve airway compromise due to severe facial swelling, cavernous sinus abscess, periorbital inflammation, high fever, uncontrolled bleeding, dislodgment of intraoral appliances, or avulsed permanent teeth in children with underlying medical conditions. Immediate intervention is crucial in these cases to prevent life-threatening complications. Urgent dental emergencies, while not immediately life-threatening, require prompt attention to alleviate pain, prevent complications, and restore oral health. These include severe toothaches, dental infections, dental abscesses, and orthodontic emergencies like broken braces or protruding wires. Soft tissue injuries, foreign body impaction, and traumatic dental injuries like dental fractures, avulsion, tooth intrusions, extrusions, and dental luxations also fall under this category. Timely treatment is essential to prevent further complications and ensure the best possible outcome for affected teeth and tissues. Traumatic dental injuries can vary in severity, from minor enamel cracks to complete avulsions, and may require treatments like dental bonding, veneers, crowns, or reimplantation of avulsed teeth. Fractures of supporting bones or jaws may accompany these injuries, necessitating immobilization or surgical intervention. Mouthguards are recommended for individuals engaging in activities with a risk of dental trauma to reduce the likelihood of injuries.

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Section: Figure 1: Ludwig's Angina In a 3-year-old Boy With Staphyloc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Pediatric Dental Emergencies

Kushari,

AlManie,

Alshehri

et al. 2023

JOHS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Antimicrobial management of dental infections: Updated review

Abdullah,

Hatim,

Oraibi

et al. 2024

Medicine

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Dental infections, which include anything from severe periodontal illnesses and abscess forms to routine tooth caries, are a major public health risk. This review article focuses on the pathophysiology and treatment of dental infections. A narrative review was conducted based on several published articles, relevant journals, and books in Google Scholar PubMed using the keywords dental caries, periodontal disease, gingivitis, and related diseases; we excluded duplicated information. Our review illustrated the types of dental infections and the proper antimicrobial drug that is suitable for this disease. Drawing from recent research findings and clinical evidence, we explore the spectrum of bacteria commonly associated with dental infections and their susceptibility profiles to various antibiotics. Emphasis is placed on understanding the mechanisms of antibiotic action and resistance in the context of dental pathogens, shedding light on optimal treatment regimens and potential challenges in clinical management. Additionally, we go over the clinical consequences of antibiotic therapy in dentistry, taking into account factors like patient selection, dose guidelines, and side effects. The management of dental infections through antimicrobial strategies has undergone significant advancements, as evidenced by this updated review. Besides the normal methods, emerging technologies such as 3D printing for drug delivery of antibiotics and disinfectants hold promise in enhancing treatment efficacy and patient outcomes. By leveraging the precision and customization afforded by 3D printing, dentistry can tailor antimicrobial interventions to individual patient needs, optimizing therapeutic outcomes while minimizing adverse effects.

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Fully Characterized Effective Bacteriophages Specific against Antibiotic-Resistant Enterococcus faecalis, the Causative Agent of Dental Abscess

Ramadan,

Abdel-Monem,

El-Dougdoug

et al. 2024

Medicina

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Background and Objectives: Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is a primary pathogen responsible for dental abscesses, which cause inflammation and pain when trapped between the crown and soft tissues of an erupted tooth. Therefore, this study aims to use specific phages as an alternative method instead of classical treatments based on antibiotics to destroy multidrug-resistant E. faecalis bacteria for treating dental issues. Materials and Methods: In the current study, twenty-five bacterial isolates were obtained from infected dental specimens; only five had the ability to grow on bile esculin agar, and among these five, only two were described to be extensive multidrug-resistant isolates. Results: Two bacterial isolates, Enterococcus faecalis A.R.A.01 [ON797462.1] and Enterococcus faecalis A.R.A.02, were identified biochemically and through 16S rDNA, which were used as hosts for isolating specific phages. Two isolated phages were characterized through TEM imaging, which indicated that E. faecalis_phage-01 had a long and flexible tail, belonging to the family Siphoviridae, while E. faecalis_phage-02 had a contractile tail, belonging to the family Myoviridae. Genetically, two phages were identified through the PCR amplification and sequencing of the RNA ligase of Enterococcus phage vB_EfaS_HEf13, through which our phages shared 97.2% similarity with Enterococcus phage vB-EfaS-HEf13 based on BLAST analysis. Furthermore, through in silico analysis and annotations of the two phages’ genomes, it was determined that a total of 69 open reading frames (ORFs) were found to be involved in various functions related to integration excision, replication recombination, repair, stability, and defense. In phage optimization, the two isolated phages exhibited a high specific host range with Enterococcus faecalis among six different bacterial hosts, where E. faecalis_phage-01 had a latent period of 30 min with 115.76 PFU/mL, while E. faecalis_phage-02 had a latent period of 25 min with 80.6 PFU/mL. They were also characterized with stability at wide ranges of pH (4–11) and temperature (10–60 °C), with a low cytotoxic effect on the oral epithelial cell line at different concentrations (1000–31.25 PFU/mL). Conclusions: The findings highlight the promise of phage therapy in dental medicine, offering a novel approach to combating antibiotic resistance and enhancing patient outcomes. Further research and clinical trials will be essential to fully understand the therapeutic potential and safety profile of these bacteriophages in human populations.

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The Restorative Dentist and Orthodontist

Cited by 3 publications

References 455 publications

An Overview of Pediatric Dental Emergencies

An Overview of Pediatric Dental Emergencies

Antimicrobial management of dental infections: Updated review

Fully Characterized Effective Bacteriophages Specific against Antibiotic-Resistant Enterococcus faecalis, the Causative Agent of Dental Abscess

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