The responsiveness of mentally retarded children to psychotherapy∗

Hayes, Michael

doi:10.1080/00377317709516499

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Bauman (1970), in treating middle-class drug abusers, found that outcome varied with the type of drug abuse involved, and Jesness (197S), in comparing two treatment programs for delinquents, found that differential treatment effects on various measures depended on the rated interpersonal maturity level of the subjects. Contrary to what is generally assumed, Hayes (1977) found that in terms of therapists' ratings, mildly to moderately retarded outpatients were no less responsive to individual psychotherapy than a group of patients of normal intelligence who were matched with the retarded patients on other diagnostic factors. Lessing et al (1976) used multivariate statistical methods to test the validity of selected demographic and behavior-descriptive variables in predicting therapy continuation/defection and irnprovement/nonimprovement for adolescents seen at a guidance clinic.…”

Section: Patient and Therapist Factors Related To Outcomecontrasting

confidence: 87%

“…Because three of these (Persons, 1967;Shore & Massimo, 1969 were follow-up studies of investigations reported prior to 1967, the earlier reports in these cases were also included in the review (Massimo & Shore, 1963;Persons, 1966;Shore & Massimo, 1966). Altogether, there were 18 clinical studies of outcome (Bauman, 1970;Brown & Kingsley, 197S;Coughlin & Wimberger, 1968;Endler & North, 1973;Gossett, Barnhart, Lewis, & Phillips, 1977;Hayes, 1977;Hilgard, Straight, & Moore, 1969;Homer, 1973;Kahn, Lewis, & Galvez, 1974;Lessing, Black, Barbera, & Seibert, 1976;Marvit, 1972;Masterson, 1967;Meyer & Zegans, 197S;Miezio, 1967;Perkins, 1971;Pichel, 1974;Rachman, 1974;Wimderlich, Lozes, & Lewis, 1974) and another 20 reports comprising IS independent experimental investi- gations (Felton & Davidson, 1973;Fine, Knight-Webb, & Breau, 1976;Jesness, 197S;Kaufman & Deutsch, 1967;Marvit, Lind, & McLaughlin, 1974;Massimo & Shore, 1963;Miran, Lehrer, Koehler, & Miran, 1974;Mordock, Ellis, & Greenstone, 1969;Moser, 1975;Ostrom, Steele, Rosenblood, & Mirels, 1971;Persons, 1966Persons, , 1967…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Critical review of research on psychotherapy outcome with adolescents: 1967–1977.

Tramontana¹

1980

Psychological Bulletin

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This article provides a critical review of research on psychotherapy outcome with adolescents. Studies on individual, group, and family therapy that were published largely from 1967 through 1977 are described and critically evaluated. Of 33 independent investigations, 5 are judged as exemplary in methodological scope and rigor. Although methodological deficiencies abound, the greater weight of available evidence on adolescents does point toward the superiority of psychotherapy over no-therapy conditions, with the median rate of positive outcome with psychotherapy being approximately 75%, compared with a rate of 39% without psychotherapy. Little is presently known, however, regarding the effects of specific patient, therapist, and process variables on adolescent therapy outcome. Problems involved in evaluating psychotherapy outcome with adolescents are discussed, and guidelines for future research are provided. w c There were initially 30 subjects, but 5 left after the first 3 mo. of therapy. d Follow-up on 10 subjects, but only 9 were available at posttest. c The two groups were reportedly matched on age and sex. f Attributed to specific events in academic calendar. The nonpatients had significantly higher pretest anxiety scores than the patients. K This classification was largely made post hoc and seems to have been confounded with the actual process and outcome of therapy. h School information was available on 14 of the subjects. * Out of the S3 patients contacted for folow-up, 60 replied; of these. 37 were patients who had continued in psychiatric treatment after the initial evaluation. J This is perhaps more an indication of differential prognosis for the two kinds of offenders than a reflection of therapy outcome. k 50% of the patients solicited for posttherapy interviews responded. 1 This is perhaps as much an indication of differential prognosis for continuers and terminators as it is a reflection of therapy outcome. 10 Nonretardates were drawn from a separate agency.

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Section: Patient and Therapist Factors Related To Outcomecontrasting

confidence: 87%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical review of research on psychotherapy outcome with adolescents: 1967–1977.

Tramontana¹

1980

Psychological Bulletin

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“…Reiss (1985) differentiated symptoms of psychopathology in moderately and mildly mentally retarded persons from observable symptoms in the severe and profound range of mental retardation. Syzmanski and Tanguay (1980) suggested a cutoff IQ score of 50 as a rough indicator for different manifestations of psychopathologic symptoms, a score that was slightly higher than suggested by Hayes (1977) or the mean IQ in Johnston et al (1997). They contended that individuals with an IQ above 50 would display symptoms of mental disorders in a manner consistent with the normal population.…”

Section: Understanding Psychopathology and Addressing Treatment Needsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Many of the authors in the articles and presentations cited earlier, such as Hurley (1989), have called for additional research on the topic. Research efforts to date may be summarized in reviewing the work of Empey (1977), Hayes (1977), and E. Smith, McKinnon, and Kessler (1976). Although it is apparent that this literature is somewhat dated, the issues have remained relatively similar over time.…”

Section: Diagnostic Overshadowing and Dual Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Historically, mentally retarded persons have been excluded from therapeutic service. In reviewing the pertinent literature of the day, Hayes (1977) found several apparent contradictions. Responsiveness to "competent" psychotherapy remained untested for the largest subgroup of the mentally retarded population, the mildly mentally retarded, who compose approximately 85% of all retarded individuals.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Psychotherapy with the mentally retarded: A review of the literature and the implications.

Bütz¹,

Bowling²,

Bliss³

2000

Professional Psychology: Research and Practice

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The authors examine psychotherapy as an effective means of providing treatment to the mentally retarded from several theoretical standpoints. The literature on this topic dates back at least 30 years, and in some cases arguably 60 years, and consequently it is not a new area of inquiry. Although, historically, research has been lacking in this area, recent contributions have been promising, and this newer work is explored amid appraising the implications of this modality for today's practitioner who works with the mentally retarded.Have you ever considered or attempted to conduct psychotherapy with mentally retarded clients? If your next referral was a client with mental retardation, would you consider psychotherapy as an intervention? We address these questions and others in this article. We provide the reader with the findings of recent and existing literature about conducting psychotherapy with mentally retarded individuals and the multifaceted nature of just contemplating this issue.Addressing the mental health needs of the mentally retarded or developmentally disabled has historically been a difficult task and one many psychologists avoid. Albeit, psychological evaluations are performed regularly. However, in most cases these evaluations MICHAEL R. Biirz received his PhD in psychology in 1992 from the Wright Institute in Berkeley, CA. He was the program manager for the Shoshone-Bannock Tribal Health and Human Services Counseling and Family Services Program in Fort Hall, ID. He was formerly the director of Child and Adolescent Services at Cornerstone Behavioral Health/Mountain Regional Services, Inc., a provider of psychotherapeutic services for the mentally retarded-developmentally disabled individuals suffering from mental illness, located in Evanston, WY. He is now supervising clinical psychologist with Washington County Psychotherapy Associates in Machias, ME. He has written on nonlinear dynamics integration into psychology over the past several years. JOHN B. BOWLING received his PhD in counseling psychology in 1995 from Texas A&M University. He was a staff psychologist at Cornerstone Behavioral Health/Mountain Regional Services, Inc. He is now the clinical director of Advanced Behavioral Care, Inc. He also serves as an adjunct faculty member at the University of Utah and maintains an independent practice in Salt Lake City, UT.

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Counseling and Psychotherapy

Nuffield¹

1986

Severe Behavior Disorders in the Mentally Retarded

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The responsiveness of mentally retarded children to psychotherapy∗

Cited by 6 publications

References 28 publications

Critical review of research on psychotherapy outcome with adolescents: 1967–1977.

Critical review of research on psychotherapy outcome with adolescents: 1967–1977.

Psychotherapy with the mentally retarded: A review of the literature and the implications.

Counseling and Psychotherapy

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