The response regulator ArcA enhances biofilm formation in the vpsT manner under the anaerobic condition in Vibrio cholerae

Xi, Daoyi; Yang, Shuang; Liu, Qian; Li, Yujia; Li, Yuehua; Yan, Junxiang; Wang, Xiaochen; Ning, Kexin; Cao, Bihua

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104197

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…ArcA is a global transcription regulator in the Enterobacteriaceae , which controls the expression of genes involved in several different pathways 39 , 40 . For instance, ArcA directly regulates the expression of vpsT involved in biofilm formation of V. cholerae 41 , which contributes to bacterial intestinal colonization 42 , 43 . It is highly likely that the influence of ArcA on the virulence of V. cholerae might only be partially dependent of its regulation on fruI and fruT expression.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A fructose/H+ symporter controlled by a LacI-type regulator promotes survival of pandemic Vibrio cholerae in seawater

Liu

et al. 2021

Nat Commun

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The bacterium Vibrio cholerae can colonize the human intestine and cause cholera, but spends much of its life cycle in seawater. The pathogen must adapt to substantial environmental changes when moving between seawater and the human intestine, including different availability of carbon sources such as fructose. Here, we use in vitro experiments as well as mouse intestinal colonization assays to study the mechanisms used by pandemic V. cholerae to adapt to these environmental changes. We show that a LacI-type regulator (FruI) and a fructose/H+ symporter (FruT) are important for fructose uptake at low fructose concentrations, as those found in seawater. FruT is downregulated by FruI, which is upregulated when O2 concentrations are low (as in the intestine) by ArcAB, a two-component system known to respond to changes in oxygen levels. As a result, the bacteria predominantly use FruT for fructose uptake under seawater conditions (low fructose, high O2), and use a known fructose phosphotransferase system (PTS, Fpr) for fructose uptake under conditions found in the intestine. PTS activity leads to reduced levels of intracellular cAMP, which in turn upregulate virulence genes. Our results indicate that the FruT/FruI system may be important for survival of pandemic V. cholerae in seawater.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A fructose/H+ symporter controlled by a LacI-type regulator promotes survival of pandemic Vibrio cholerae in seawater

Liu

et al. 2021

Nat Commun

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“…This suggests that inactivation of arcA impacts other adhesins important for biofilm formation, for example, the formation of fimbriae. ArcA has also been shown to regulate biofilm formation in several other species of bacteria (Sun et al., 2020; Xi et al., 2020; Yan et al., 2021). The data suggest that ArcA acts primarily as a positive regulator for emaA transcription either binding directly to the DNA or indirectly by competing with a negative regulator in response to changes in the environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of adhesin synthesis in Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

Tristano

Danforth

Wargo

et al. 2023

Molecular Oral Microbiology

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Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a gram‐negative bacterium associated with periodontal disease and a variety of disseminated extra‐oral infections. Tissue colonization is mediated by fimbriae and non‐fimbriae adhesins resulting in the formation of a sessile bacterial community or biofilm, which confers enhanced resistance to antibiotics and mechanical removal. The environmental changes experienced by A. actinomycetemcomitans during infection are detected and processed by undefined signaling pathways that alter gene expression. In this study, we have characterized the promoter region of the extracellular matrix protein adhesin A (EmaA), which is an important surface adhesin in biofilm biogenesis and disease initiation using a series of deletion constructs consisting of the emaA intergenic region and a promotor‐less lacZ sequence. Two regions of the promoter sequence were found to regulate gene transcription and in silico analysis indicated the presence of multiple transcriptional regulatory binding sequences. Analysis of four regulatory elements, CpxR, ArcA, OxyR, and DeoR, was undertaken in this study. Inactivation of arcA, the regulator moiety of the ArcAB two‐component signaling pathway involved in redox homeostasis, resulted in a decrease in EmaA synthesis and biofilm formation. Analysis of the promoter sequences of other adhesins identified binding sequences for the same regulatory proteins, which suggests that these proteins are involved in the coordinate regulation of adhesins required for colonization and pathogenesis.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A sequence encoding a ArcA/CytR/CRP-His 6 fusion protein was cloned into vector pET-28a, expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3), and purified using an Ni–NTA-Sefinose Column in accordance with the protocol provided by the manufacturer [ 37 , 39 ]. EMSA was performed by adding increasing amounts of purified phosphorylated ArcA protein (0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0 µM or 0, 0.6, 1.2, 1.8 and 2.4 µM) to cytR or flrA DNA fragments (50 ng) in a binding buffer [10 mM Tris–HCl (pH 8.0), 1 mM EDTA, 1 mM DTT, 50 mM KCl, 50 μg/mL BSA, 10% glycerol] supplemented with 20 nM acetyl phosphate [ 39 ], followed by incubation for 40 min at room temperature. Similarly, fliK DNA fragments (50 ng) were incubated with increasing amounts of 6 × His-tagged CytR or CRP protein (0, 1.2, 2.4, and 3.6 µM or 0, 2, 3, and 4 µM) in a binding buffer [20 mM Tris–HCl (pH 7.5), 50 mM KCl, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 200 µM cAMP, and 10% glycerol] [ 20 ], followed by incubation for 40 min at room temperature.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The global regulators ArcA and CytR collaboratively modulate Vibrio cholerae motility

Yan

Guo

et al. 2022

BMC Microbiol

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Background Vibrio cholerae, a Gram-negative bacterium, is highly motile owing to the presence of a single polar flagellum. The global anaerobiosis response regulator, ArcA regulates the expression of virulence factors and enhance biofilm formation in V. cholerae. However, the function of ArcA for the motility of V. cholerae is yet to be elucidated. CytR, which represses nucleoside uptake and catabolism, is known to play a chief role in V. cholerae pathogenesis and flagellar synthesis but the mechanism that CytR influences motility is unclear. Results In this study, we found that the ΔarcA mutant strain exhibited higher motility than the WT strain due to ArcA directly repressed flrA expression. We further discovered that CytR directly enhanced fliK expression, which explained why the ΔcytR mutant strain was retarded in motility. On the other hand, cytR was a direct ArcA target and cytR expression was directly repressed by ArcA. As expected, cytR expression was down-regulated. Conclusions Overall, ArcA plays a critical role in V. cholerae motility by regulating flrA expression directly and fliK indirectly in the manner of cytR.

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The response regulator ArcA enhances biofilm formation in the vpsT manner under the anaerobic condition in Vibrio cholerae

Cited by 17 publications

References 40 publications

A fructose/H+ symporter controlled by a LacI-type regulator promotes survival of pandemic Vibrio cholerae in seawater

A fructose/H+ symporter controlled by a LacI-type regulator promotes survival of pandemic Vibrio cholerae in seawater

Regulation of adhesin synthesis in Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

The global regulators ArcA and CytR collaboratively modulate Vibrio cholerae motility

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