The Response of Tulips to Gibberellins Following Different Durations of Cold Storage

Hanks, Gordon R.

doi:10.1080/00221589.1982.11515030

Cited by 30 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The inhibition of gibberellin biosynthesis in properly cooled intact bulbs (Saniewski 1989;Shoub and De Hertogh 1974) or isolated sprouts (Rebers et al 1994) with gibberellin synthesis inhibitors substantially reduced the rate of flower stalk elongation, suggesting that de novo biosynthesis of gibberellins is an essential factor for tulip flower stalk elongation. In another line of research, exogenous gibberellins partially substituted for the cold requirement for flower stalk elongation, also implicating the involvement of this plant hormone in the process (Hanks 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Molecular regulatory mechanisms of the low temperature effect on flower stalk elongation in tulips are not fully understood, but it is known that both gibberellins (Hanks 1982;Rebers et al 1994;Saniewski 1989;Shoub and De Hertogh 1974) and auxins (Rietveld et al 2000) are involved in this process. The inhibition of gibberellin biosynthesis in properly cooled intact bulbs (Saniewski 1989;Shoub and De Hertogh 1974) or isolated sprouts (Rebers et al 1994) with gibberellin synthesis inhibitors substantially reduced the rate of flower stalk elongation, suggesting that de novo biosynthesis of gibberellins is an essential factor for tulip flower stalk elongation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gibberellin-mediated changes in carbohydrate metabolism during flower stalk elongation in tulips

Ranwala

Miller

2008

Plant Growth Regul

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We investigated the effects of a gibberellin synthesis inhibitor (ancymidol) and gibberellin (GA 4+7 ) on carbohydrate metabolism and elongation in internodes of the tulip (Tulipa gesneriana L.) flower stalk during greenhouse growth. During the initial stages of flower stalk growth, the lowermost internode was mainly responsible for total flower stalk length, whereas the uppermost internode mostly contributed to total length during later stages. High concentrations of hexose sugar (mainly glucose) and increased activity of acid invertase were observed when internodes were rapidly elongating. Inhibition of gibberellin biosynthesis with ancymidol reduced the elongation rate of internodes, and inhibited the hexose sugar accumulation and acid invertase activity. Application of GA 4+7 to ancymidol-treated plants reversed these effects. The degree of response to ancymidol and GA 4+7 was, however, different in different internodes such that the lowermost internode was most responsive and the uppermost internode was least responsive. The results indicate that de novo biosynthesis of gibberellins is a requirement for expression of high acid invertase activity during the rapid elongation phase in tulip internodes which enables cleavage of imported sucrose to hexoses that can be readily utilized in elongating cells.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gibberellin-mediated changes in carbohydrate metabolism during flower stalk elongation in tulips

Ranwala

Miller

2008

Plant Growth Regul

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“…In this stalk elongation after planting. In addition, the itihibiting cold requirement the involvement of gihherellins (GAs) effect of ancymidol or paclobutrazol when applied after has heen implicated (Aung and De Hertogh 1967, Hanks planting to intact bulhs (Shoub and De Hertogh 1974, 1982, Saniewski 1989, because application of GAs Saniewski 1989) or to isolated sprouts (Rebers et al could partly substitute for the cold treatment (van Bragt 1994a), suggests a role for GA hiosynthesis during this and Zylstra 1971, Hanks 1982). Tulip fioral stalk elonga-period, tion is mainly due to cell extension (Gilford and Rees We investigated the endogenous GA content in tulip 1973), Since GA sensitivity appeared not to be the only bulb sprouts using deuterated internal standards and gas regulating factor (Rebers et al, 1994a), research is di-chromatography-selected Ion monitoring (GC-SIM), rected towards the endogenous GA content.…”

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confidence: 99%

Gibberellin levels and cold‐induced floral stalk elongation in tulip

Rebers

Vermeer

Knegt

et al. 1995

Physiologia Plantarum

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To investigate the role of gibberellins (GAs) in the cold requirement of tulip (Tulipa gesneriana L. cv. Apeldoorn), bulbs were dry‐stored at 5°C or at 17°C for 12 weeks prior to planting at 20°C. Only precooled bulbs showed rapid sprout growth and developed a full‐grown flower. Endogenous GA levels were measured in sprouts and basal plates at the time of planting and in the second week after planting, by combined gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry using deuterated internal standards. GA4 was the major gibberellin. while GA1, GA9 and GA34 were present in lower amounts. At the time of planting, sprouts from non‐cooled bulbs contained significantly more GA4 and GA1, per sprout than those from precooled bulbs. Hence, there is no direct correlation between rapid sprout growth after planting and high GA levels at planting. In the second week after planting, floral stalks of precooled bulbs contained 2 to 3 times more GA4 and its metabolite GA34 per floral stalk and per g fresh weight than those of non‐cooled bulbs. The results are discussed with regard to the role of gibberellins in the cold‐induced floral stalk elongation of tulip.

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“…Moreover, exogenous GAs and auxins stimulate extension growth in tulips 28 . However, GA-treated tulip plants were found to flower earlier than untreated plants, with no appreciable extension growth in the upper internodes, meaning the length of the cut flowers remained shorter 12 . Light conditions regulate many aspects of plant growth and development, including stem extension and flowering.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral Sensitivity of the Extension Growth of Tulips Grown with Night Lighting under a Natural Photoperiod

Sumitomo

Tsuji

Yamagata

et al. 2012

JARQ

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The effect of light quality on the extension growth of tulips was investigated for 4 tulip (Tulipa gesneriana) cultivars "Leen van der mark," "Murasaki suisho," "Come back," and "Kikomachi." The exposure of tulips to ultraviolet-A (UV-A), blue (B), red (R) or far-red (FR) fluorescent tubes throughout the entire night (a process called "night lighting") was found to promote lengthening of the stem and first internode of plants grown under natural photoperiod conditions in a greenhouse. The effectiveness of FR night lighting was consistently observed across 4 cultivars, although the effectiveness of illumination within the UV-A, B and R wavelength ranges was found to vary with respect to stem length, the first internode and among different cultivars. Elevated photon flux densities of FR light were found to quantitatively increase the extension growth of "Leen van der mark," but the effect of FR night lighting reached saturation point at 0.59 μmol m -2 s -1. A 4-h end-of-day lighting period and night-break FR lighting period were also found to promote extension growth, but these effects were less pronounced than that induced by FR night lighting. A 4-h end-of-night FR lighting period had no effect on extension growth. Apart from these findings, the effects of the light quality on extension growth are discussed.

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The Response of Tulips to Gibberellins Following Different Durations of Cold Storage

Cited by 30 publications

References 24 publications

Gibberellin-mediated changes in carbohydrate metabolism during flower stalk elongation in tulips

Gibberellin-mediated changes in carbohydrate metabolism during flower stalk elongation in tulips

Gibberellin levels and cold‐induced floral stalk elongation in tulip

Spectral Sensitivity of the Extension Growth of Tulips Grown with Night Lighting under a Natural Photoperiod

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