The Response of the Ionosphere‐Thermosphere System to the 21 August 2017 Solar Eclipse

Cnossen, Ingrid; Ridley, A. J.; Гончаренко, Л. П.; Harding, Brian J.

doi:10.1029/2018ja026402

Cited by 32 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…However, the response time of the diffusion process can be relatively high over the dip equator due to the horizontal nature of the field lines and inefficiency of vertical diffusion. In fact in a recent study Cnossen et al (2019) showed that the neutral wind also affects the temperature and density of the ionosphere through advection, and the vertical wind modifies them further through adiabatic heating/cooling and compositional changes. They found that neutral temperature response lags behind totality by about 35 minutes, indicating an imbalance between heating and cooling processes during the eclipse, while the ion and electron temperature responses have almost no lag.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of the Equatorial Ionosphere to the Annular Solar Eclipse of 15 January 2010

et al. 2020

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This paper presents the response of the equatorial ionosphere to the noon time annular solar eclipse of 15 January 2010. The observation has been made using a Digisonde, Meteor Wind Radar, and Proton Precession Magnetometer over Trivandrum, (8.5oE; 77oN; dip lat 0.5oN), a geomagnetic dip equatorial station in India. It has been found that the E, F1, and F2 regions of the equatorial ionosphere respond to solar eclipse with different time delays, F1 being responding faster and the E and F2 regions slower. Though there have been studies on the delayed response of F2 region during the solar eclipses, the delayed response of E region is quite unexpected since this region is dominated by the recombination chemistry. The plausible reasons for this have been explored, and it is suggested that the downward diffusion of atomic oxygen plays a major role for the observed phenomenon.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of the Equatorial Ionosphere to the Annular Solar Eclipse of 15 January 2010

et al. 2020

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“…This phenomenon could be collectively explained by one or more mechanistic reasons elucidated as follows. Eclipse‐induced equatorward thermospheric winds: Thermospheric cooling and composition change due to decreased solar heating within the moon shadow area can generate thermospheric winds toward the eclipse region (Cnossen et al, 2019; Dang et al, 2018; Müller‐Wodarg et al, 1998; Wang et al, 2019). For the studied equatorial eclipse event, the meridional wind component in the EIA crests is equatorward for both hemispheres, and this would raise plasma along the field lines to a higher altitude with fewer ion‐neutral collisions and a correspondingly slower recombination rate (Anderson, 1976).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This might be due to the different dominant processes between electrodynamics and neutral winds. In particular, some studies reported that the maximum neutral wind/temperature responses lag behind totality for more than 30 min (e.g., Cnossen et al, 2019; Dang et al, 2018). For the first pass, the satellite flew over the eclipse leading (waxing) region (Figure 8a), and the neutral wind response lagged as mentioned above.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordinated Ground‐Based and Space‐Borne Observations of Ionospheric Response to the Annular Solar Eclipse on 26 December 2019

Zhang

Erickson

et al. 2020

JGR Space Physics

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This paper studies the ionosphere's response to the annular solar eclipse on 26 December 2019, utilizing the following ground-based and space-borne measurements: Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) total electron content (TEC) data, spectral radiance data from the Sentinel-5P satellite, in situ electron density and/or temperature measurements from DMSP and Swarm satellites, and local magnetometer data. Analysis concentrated on ionospheric effects over low-latitude regions with respect to obscuration, local time, latitude, and altitude. The main results are as follows: (1) a local TEC reduction of ∼4-6 TECU (30-50%) was identified along the annular eclipse path, with larger depletion and longer recovery periods in the morning eclipse compared to midday. (2) The equatorial electrojet current was significantly weakened when the eclipse trajectory crossed the magnetic equator in the morning (India) sector, which contributed to large and prolonged TEC depletion therein. (3) At midday, equatorial ionization anomaly exhibited enhancements of 20-40% as well as poleward shifting of 3-4 • , likely triggered by modified neutral wind and electrodynamics patterns. (4) The behavior of equatorial ionospheric electron density showed considerable altitudinal differences in the topside, exhibiting ∼30% reduction around 500 km and ∼30% enhancement with 300-500 K Te reduction around 850 km, before the arrival of maximum eclipse. This may have been caused by the enhanced eastward electric field and equatorward neutral wind, and other possible factors are also discussed.

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“…Cnossen et al (2019) considered a 10% of coronal contribution,Huba and Drob (2017) andMrak et al (2018) a 15%,Le et al (2008b) andDang et al (2018) a 22%, andReinisch et al (2018) andBravo et al (2020) used a 30%…”

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confidence: 99%

Prediction of the Ionospheric Response to the 14 December 2020 Total Solar Eclipse Using SUPIM‐INPE

et al. 2020

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We present the first prediction of the ionospheric response to the 14 December 2020 solar eclipse using the SUPIM-INPE model. Simulations are made for all known ionosonde stations for which solar obscuration is significant. The found response is similar to that previously reported for other eclipses, but it also shows a modification of the equatorial fountain transport that will impact the low latitudes after the event. In addition to the large reduction of electron concentration along the totality path (~4.5 TECu, 22%), a significant electron and oxygen ion temperature cooling is observed (up to~400 K) followed by lasting temperature increases. Changes of up to~1.5 TECu (~5%) are also expected at the conjugate hemisphere. These predictions may serve as a reference for eventual ionospheric measurements of multiple instruments and are leading to a better understanding of the ionospheric response to solar eclipses.

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The Response of the Ionosphere‐Thermosphere System to the 21 August 2017 Solar Eclipse

Cited by 32 publications

References 23 publications

Response of the Equatorial Ionosphere to the Annular Solar Eclipse of 15 January 2010

Response of the Equatorial Ionosphere to the Annular Solar Eclipse of 15 January 2010

Coordinated Ground‐Based and Space‐Borne Observations of Ionospheric Response to the Annular Solar Eclipse on 26 December 2019

Prediction of the Ionospheric Response to the 14 December 2020 Total Solar Eclipse Using SUPIM‐INPE

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