The response of the alanine detector after charged-particle and neutron irradiations

Waligórski, M.P.R.; Danialy, G.; Loh, Kim Sun; Katz, Robert

doi:10.1016/0883-2889(89)90018-x

Cited by 45 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…The effect of introducing the "hump" at radial distances 1-10 nm (equations (5.1) and (5.2)) on the result of the cross section calculation is most prominent in one-hit detectors of high E 0 and low a 0 values, such as alanine (E 0 = 75 kGy, a 0 = 0.5 nm), for bombardments of low atomic number. 7 All cross section vs. LET dependences shown in Figures 3, 4, and 5 feature "hooks" at the stopping end of the particle track. That such a decrease in the cross section should take place due to the kinematic constraint on the maximum range T of δ-rays (see equations (10) and (11)) was predicted theoretically by Butts and Katz 22 and recently confirmed experimentally as the "thindown" effect, in measurements of inactivation of mammalian cells by UNILAC ions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The γ-ray response (inactivation) of enzymes and viruses follows one-or-more hit statistics, as does the response of many other physical detectors: nuclear emulsions, 5 scintillation counters, and the ferrous sulphate (Fricke) dosimeter, 3,6 or the aminoacid alanine dosimeter. 3,7 Butts and Katz, 2 who derived the formula for the radial distribution of dose before any experimental data on this distribution were available, used the simplifying assumptions of normal ejection of δ-rays, produced according to the classical Rutherford formula, and a linear δ-ray energy-range relationship. The first two assumptions still remain unchanged, as do other elements of the theory: the use of an "effective charge" formula, 8 and the principle of calculating the response of a detector to a beam of heavy charged particles via the single-particle activation cross section.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Inactivation of dry enzymes and viruses by energetic heavy ions

Waligórski

Loh

Katz

1987

International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumenta

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivation of dry enzymes and viruses by energetic heavy ions

Waligórski

Loh

Katz

1987

International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumenta

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“…Relative response to 60 Co gamma rays measured by Schraube et al was found to be 0.36±0.5 for neutron energies between 0.5 and 2 MeV with 20% paraf®n mixture (12) . Bermann found 0.54 for 2.0 MeV and 0.57 for 1.8 MeV (11,13) . Katsumura et al reported a relative response of 0.40 and 0.54 for ®ssion neutron (11) and D'Errico et al for the previous SILENE intercomparison (1993) found 0.45 (14) .…”

Section: Alaninementioning

confidence: 99%

EPR dosimetry in a mixed neutron and gamma radiation field

Trompier¹,

Fattibene²,

Tikunov³

et al. 2004

Radiation Protection Dosimetry

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Suitability of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy for criticality dosimetry was evaluated for tooth enamel, mannose and alanine pellets during the`international intercomparison of criticality dosimetry techniques' at the SILENE reactor held in Valduc in June 2002, France. These three materials were irradiated in neutron and gamma-ray ®elds of various relative intensities and spectral distributions in order to evaluate their neutron sensitivity. The neutron response was found to be around 10% for tooth enamel, 45% for mannose and between 40 and 90% for alanine pellets according their type. According to the IAEA recommendations on the early estimate of criticality accident absorbed dose, analyzed results show the EPR potentiality and complementarity with regular criticality techniques.

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“…This was shortly followed by a model for the response of nuclear emulsions (Katz and Kobetich, 1969), scintillation counters (Katz and Kobetich, 1968), TLD's, and subsequently of alanine (Waligorski et al, 1989), and most recently for E. Coli B (Katz and Zachariah, 1991). There are indications that CR-39, used as an etchable track detector is also a I-hit detector (Katz, 1984).…”

Section: The I-hit Detectormentioning

confidence: 99%

A Model of Cell Damage in Space Flight

Katz

Cucinotta

Wilson

et al. 1993

Biological Effects and Physics of Solar and Galactic Cosmic Radiation

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Cell damage by high LET radiations has been described by a phenomenological model (track theory) for 20 years and more. Molecules of biological significance (dry enzymes and viruses) act as 1 hit detectors. Recent additions to the class of I-hit detectors are E. Coli B, and the creation of both single and double strand breaks in SV-40 virus in EO buffer, where indirect effects predominate. The response of cells (survival, transformation, chromosome aberration) to these radiations is typically described by a 4-parameter model whose numerical values are determined by fitting the equations of the theory to experimental data at high dose (typically above 1 Gy) with bombardments with 'Y rays and HZE particle beams, of the widest possible dynamic range. Once these parameters are determined the model predicts cellular response in any radiation environment whose particle-energy spectrum is !mown. Perhaps the central importance of the present model is the ability to estimate the response of a complex environment with many components from a limited set of laboratory data. For example, we have calculated cell survival after neutron irradiation, with mixtures of neutrons and 'Y rays; cell survival and transformation after irradiation with HZE ions of different energies. The model does not yet include cellular repair. Although some hopeful approaches to repair dependence are now being developed. It does not include cancer induction, for the available data neither give the number of cells at risk or the number of cancers induced, and are thus not suited to our formulation.Most recently NASA-Langley models of HZE beams, including projectile and target fragmentation, have been joined with the biological model. This combination has been tested against ground based radiobiological data for cell survival after irradiation with protons and HZE beams with good success. Where our earlier model failed downstream of the Bragg Based on this experimental validation of our procedures, we have initiated calculations of cellular damage in space flight from solar protons and galactic cosmic rays. Here we incorporate NASA models of cosmic rays, beam penetration, projectile and target fragmentation with track theory. The essential radiobiological theme is that knowledge of parameters extracted at high doses makes it possible for us to calculate the response of cells at the lowest possible doses of HZE particles when only intra track (ion-kill) effects are involved for which repair is known to be minimal. Our procedures here too have ground based experimental validation in recent work of Bettega et al. where measurements made of RBE with protons and alphas of the survival of C3HlOTl/2 cells, at doses down to 0.01 Gy are consistent with our predictions based on survival measurements made at high doses with 'Y rays and HZE ions. Biological Effects and Physics of Solar and Galactic Cosmic

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The response of the alanine detector after charged-particle and neutron irradiations

Cited by 45 publications

References 27 publications

Inactivation of dry enzymes and viruses by energetic heavy ions

Inactivation of dry enzymes and viruses by energetic heavy ions

EPR dosimetry in a mixed neutron and gamma radiation field

A Model of Cell Damage in Space Flight

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