The Response of Substation Bus Systems to Short Circuit Conditions, Part III: A Dynamic Design Analysis

Coupled electric–magnetic–thermal–mechanical modelling of busbars under short‐circuit conditions

“…Regarding the above-mentioned issues, appropriate design of busbar systems requires the calculation of thermal and mechanical behaviour of the conductors under real working conditions such as flowing excessive short-circuit currents. To address these issues, conventional methods mainly use either simplified (or empirical) equations [6][7][8] or numerical techniques such as the finite element method (FEM) [1-5, 9, 10]. There are also a few works discussing the thermal and mechanical performance of the busbars in gas-insulated substations under short-circuit currents [11][12][13][14][15].…”

Multiphysics analysis of busbars with various arrangements under short‐circuit condition

“…Hence, busbar systems are designed to not only deliver nominal load current but also resist the large electromagnetic forces produced by short‐circuit current. In addition to producing electromagnetic force, short‐circuit current causes ohmic losses which appear as heat and rapidly increase the temperature of conductors [1–8].…”

“…As discussed earlier, the design of busbar system requires detailed calculations of thermal and mechanical behaviours of the conductors under real working conditions. So far, conventional methods mainly rely on empirical equations [9–11], or numerical techniques such as finite‐element method (FEM) [2–8], which are not precise enough as they disregard the interactions between electrical, magnetic, thermal, and mechanical behaviours [12–17]. A comprehensive study on the multiphysics modelling of busbar systems under short‐circuit condition can be found in [1], where two‐way coupled interactions among separate continuum physics as well as the dependency of the heat transfer coefficients and electrical conductivity on the working temperature have been taken into account [1].…”