The Response of Plasma Insulin, Glucose and Non-Esterified Fatty Acids to Various Hormones, Nutrients and Drugs in the Domestic Fowl

Langslow, D. R.; Butler, E.J.; Hales, C. N.; Pearson, A.W.

doi:10.1677/joe.0.0460243

Cited by 141 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Both elevate the cyclic AMP levels in liver; insulin potentiates the lipolytic effect of glucagon, increasing the free fatty acids in plasma (9,17,19,20). Further more, glucagon is the most important hormone in the carbohydrate metabolism in birds; its content is 10 times that found in mammals (6,16).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Hepatic Acetyl Coenzyme A Carboxylase in Hormone-Treated Chicks

Ryder¹,

Campos²

1977

Enzyme

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It has been suggested that the carbohydrate-rich diet of chicks after hatching is responsible for the emergence of hepatic enzymes involved in lipogenesis; the injection of glucose to newly hatched chicks gives rise to an appreciable elevation on the activities of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase and fatty acid synthetase. The present study shows that during the first hours after hatching, there is a natural elevation of glycemia which parallels the increase in acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase activity. However, the administration of hormones which alter the blood glucose levels considerably (insulin, tolbutamide, glucagon and hydrocortisone) did not influence the enzyme activity. The administration of thyroxine, estradiol and cyclic AMP, was also without effect. These results do not support the theory that the increased amount of blood glucose is the natural effector of the induction of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase. They also show that different lipogenic enzymes are not regulated via the same ‘operon’ since thyroxine or glucagon which alter the level of some enzymes on this pathway did not modify that of the acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Hepatic Acetyl Coenzyme A Carboxylase in Hormone-Treated Chicks

Ryder¹,

Campos²

1977

Enzyme

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“…Such an effect has been found both in vitro ( 1967;Langslow, Butler, Hales and Pearson 1970;Foltzer and Mialhe 1972;Tyler, Mialhe and Kajinuma 1972). Conversely, phentolamine (an a adrenergic blocker) has been shown to increase basal IRI levels (Frohman, Ezdinli and Javid 1967;Robertson and Porte 1973;Lundquist 1971), to improve glucose stimulated insulin response (Buse, Johnson, Kuperminc and Johnson 1970) and to suppress the exercise induced inhibition of insulin release (Brisson, Malaisse-Lagae andMalaisse 1971).…”

Section: ) Alpha Adrenergic Receptors Mediated Effects and Insulin Smentioning

confidence: 81%

Modulation by the Nutritional State of Adrenergic Receptor Mediated Effects on Insulin Secretion in Ducks

Gross¹,

Mialhe²

1982

Horm Metab Res

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The effects of exogenous (IV Norepinephrine (NE)) and endogenous alpha adrenergic activity (IV phentolamine (PH)) were studied in the duck. Our aim was first to compare their importance in animals fed for 1 1/2 hours and fasted for 24 and 48 hours, and then to assess the relative importance of alpha versus beta adrenergic receptor mediated effects during the development of a 48-hour-fast. NE reduces plasma IRI levels after a fast but not in the postprandial state. PH while ineffective in animals fed for 1 1/2 hours brings fasting IRI values to levels observed in the former group. Twenty-four hour fasted ducks are sensitive to both alpha adrenergic stimulation and beta adrenergic blockade which have additive effects; so, insulin secretion is controlled by 2 distinct mechanisms: a beta stimulating and an alpha inhibiting one. The importance of one component versus the other is modulated by the nutritional state: indeed, a double alpha and beta equimolar adrenergic blockade reveals that during the transition from the postprandial state to a 48-hour-fast, there is a progressive reversal in the importance of one adrenergic component versus the other. The effects of alpha adrenergic stimulation or blockade occur independently of simultaneous glucose variations. This is not the case for A cell function: an alpha adrenergic receptor stimulating effect on glucagon secretion exists, but A cell remains primarily sensitive to plasma glucose level. alpha Adrenergic activity has no direct effect on plasma free fatty acids (FFA) level but plays a role in plasma glucose level regulation especially in animals in the postprandial state.

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“…Nitekim insanlarda i.v. glukagon infüzyoilu hiperglisemi oluşturmadan plazma insülia miktarını artırdığı (27), tavuklarda hiperglisemi oluşturmasına rağmen i,ısüli,ı ko,ısantrasyo-nunda herhangi bir etki görülmediği (15), kanatlı imülini ile memeli insüli,liil farklı olduğunu(9) ortaya koymaktadır. Hatta tavuklarda insülinİil fizyolojik rolü hakkındaki yeterli bilgiaİiI olmadığıaı bildireillerin bulu;ıması (15) …”

Section: Tartışnıa Ve Sonuçunclassified

c VİTAMİNİ UYGULANAN VE UYGULANMAYAN TAVUKLARDA ACTH'NIN GLUKOZ VE İNSOLİN DÜZEYLERİNEETKİsİ

Emre¹

1994

Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi

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The Response of Plasma Insulin, Glucose and Non-Esterified Fatty Acids to Various Hormones, Nutrients and Drugs in the Domestic Fowl

Cited by 141 publications

References 20 publications

Development of Hepatic Acetyl Coenzyme A Carboxylase in Hormone-Treated Chicks

Development of Hepatic Acetyl Coenzyme A Carboxylase in Hormone-Treated Chicks

Modulation by the Nutritional State of Adrenergic Receptor Mediated Effects on Insulin Secretion in Ducks

c VİTAMİNİ UYGULANAN VE UYGULANMAYAN TAVUKLARDA ACTH'NIN GLUKOZ VE İNSOLİN DÜZEYLERİNEETKİsİ

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