The response of mycorrhizal colonization to elevated CO2 and climate change in Pascopyrum smithii and Bouteloua gracilis

Monz, Christopher; Hunt, H. W.; Reeves, F. Brent; Elliott, E. T.

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-0851-7_8

Cited by 30 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In no case did soil N and CO 2 interact Rice et al 1994), but protozoa were not counted. The proportion of AM roots was not aected by soil N or elevated CO 2 for yellow poplar (O'Neill et al 1987), cotton , white clover (Jongen et al 1996), and C 3 grasses (Monz et al 1994), but increased in response to both soil N and elevated CO 2 in Artemisia tridentata (Klironomos et al 1996). However, as O'Neill et al (1987 pointed out, since root system mass increased, mycorrhizal mass increased proportionally.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Response of soil biota to elevated atmospheric CO 2 in poplar model systems

Lussenhop

Treonis

Curtis³

et al. 1998

Oecologia

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We tested the hypotheses that increased belowground allocation of carbon by hybrid poplar saplings grown under elevated atmospheric CO would increase mass or turnover of soil biota in bulk but not in rhizosphere soil. Hybrid poplar saplings (Populus×euramericana cv. Eugenei) were grown for 5 months in open-bottom root boxes at the University of Michigan Biological Station in northern, lower Michigan. The experimental design was a randomized-block design with factorial combinations of high or low soil N and ambient (34 Pa) or elevated (69 Pa) CO in five blocks. Rhizosphere microbial biomass carbon was 1.7 times greater in high-than in low-N soil, and did not respond to elevated CO. The density of protozoa did not respond to soil N but increased marginally (P < 0.06) under elevated CO. Only in high-N soil did arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and microarthropods respond to CO. In high-N soil, arbuscular mycorrhizal root mass was twice as great, and extramatrical hyphae were 11% longer in elevated than in ambient CO treatments. Microarthropod density and activity were determined in situ using minirhizotrons. Microarthropod density did not change in response to elevated CO, but in high-N soil, microarthropods were more strongly associated with fine roots under elevated than ambient treatments. Overall, in contrast to the hypotheses, the strongest response to elevated atmospheric CO was in the rhizosphere where (1) unchanged microbial biomass and greater numbers of protozoa (P < 0.06) suggested faster bacterial turnover, (2) arbuscular mycorrhizal root length increased, and (3) the number of microarthropods observed on fine roots rose.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Response of soil biota to elevated atmospheric CO 2 in poplar model systems

Lussenhop

Treonis

Curtis³

et al. 1998

Oecologia

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“…Root infection responses to elevated CO 2 have rarely been reported at the plant community level for complex natural communities, but mostly for single-species experiments (e.g., Dhillion et al 1996), or per plant species for co-occurring plants (Monz et al 1994;Rillig et al 1998). Whitbeck (1994) observed no or no consistent percent colonization responses to CO 2 in these same serpentine and sandstone grasslands.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil biota responses to long-term atmospheric CO 2 enrichment in two California annual grasslands

Rillig¹,

Field²,

1999

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Root, arbuscular-mycorrhizal (AM), soil faunal (protozoa and microarthropods), and microbial responses to field exposure to CO for six growing seasons were measured in spring 1997 in two adjacent grassland communities. The grasslands showed contrasting root responses to CO enrichment: whereas root length was not affected in the sandstone grassland, it was greater in the serpentine grassland, as was specific root length. AM fungal hyphal lengths were greater in the sandstone, but were unaffected in the serpentine community. This lent support to the hypothesis that there may be a tradeoff in resource allocation to more fine roots or greater mycorrhizal extraradical hyphal length. AM root infection was greater in both communities at elevated CO, as was the proportion of roots containing arbuscules. Our data on total hyphal lengths, culturable and active fungi, bacteria, and protozoa supported the hypothesis that the fungal food chain was more strongly stimulated than the bacterial chain. This study is one of the first to test these hypotheses in natural multi-species communities in the field.

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“…So far it is dicult to predict symbiotic responses to elevated CO 2 because AM studies historically have focused on fungal bene®ts to the host (Whitbeck 1994;Allen 1996). Several studies have shown no eect of CO 2 on percent mycorrhizal colonization, although AM-colonized root length sometimes increased (O'Neill et al 1991;Rogers et al 1994;Runion et al 1994;Whitbeck 1993Whitbeck , 1994Monz et al 1994). Monz et al (1994) working with Bouteloua gracilis, Klironomos et al (1996) with Artemisia tridentata, Jongen et al (1996) with Trifolium repens, and Sanders (1996) with Prunella vulgaris observed increases in percent infection by AM fungal structures in response to elevated CO 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Plant species-specific changes in root-inhabiting fungi in a California annual grassland: responses to elevated CO 2 and nutrients

et al. 1998

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Five co-occurring plant species from an annual mediterranean grassland were grown in monoculture for 4 months in pots inside open-top chambers at the Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve (San Mateo County, California). The plants were exposed to elevated atmospheric CO and soil nutrient enrichment in a complete factorial experiment. The response of root-inhabiting non-mycorrhizal and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to the altered resource base depended strongly on the plant species. Elevated CO and fertilization altered the ratio of non-mycorrhizal to mycorrhizal fungal colonization for some plant species, but not for others. Percent root infection by non-mycorrhizal fungi increased by over 500% for Linanthus parviflorus in elevated CO, but decreased by over 80% for Bromus hordeaceus. By contrast, the mean percent infection by mycorrhizal fungi increased in response to elevated CO for all species, but significantly only for Avena barbata and B. hordeaceus. Percent infection by mycorrhizal fungi increased, decreased, or remained unchanged for different plant hosts in response to fertilization. There was evidence of a strong interaction between the two treatments for some plant species and non-mycorrhizal and mycorrhizal fungi. This study demonstrated plant species- and soil fertility-dependent shifts in below-ground plant resource allocation to different morpho-groups of fungal symbionts. This may have consequences for plant community responses to elevated CO in this California grassland ecosystem.

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The response of mycorrhizal colonization to elevated CO2 and climate change in Pascopyrum smithii and Bouteloua gracilis

Cited by 30 publications

References 9 publications

Response of soil biota to elevated atmospheric CO 2 in poplar model systems

Response of soil biota to elevated atmospheric CO 2 in poplar model systems

Soil biota responses to long-term atmospheric CO 2 enrichment in two California annual grasslands

Plant species-specific changes in root-inhabiting fungi in a California annual grassland: responses to elevated CO 2 and nutrients

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