The response of first-litter sows to dietary protein level during lactation1

King, R. H.; Toner, Matt; Dove, H.; Atwood, Craig S.; Brown, WG

doi:10.2527/1993.7192457x

Cited by 113 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In the present experiment, lysine intake in protein-restricted sows was greatly below the requirement for milk production (40-45 g·d -1 , [5,45]). The overall reduction of litter growth rate in protein-restricted sows is consistent with previous findings [4,36,37].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Dietary protein restriction during lactation in primiparous sows with different live weights at farrowing: I. Consequences on sow metabolic status and litter growth

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-The hypothesis that the restriction of dietary protein during lactation has different impacts on sow metabolic status and milk production according to body weight was evaluated. From 5-months of age until farrowing, the gilts were fed to achieve body weights of 180 or 240 kg at farrowing. At this time, 38 sows were assigned to one of three groups: "180 kg" sows not restricted in dietary protein during lactation (180CP); "180 kg" restricted in protein (180LP), or "240 kg" sows restricted in protein (240LP). Catheters were fitted in the jugular vein of 24 sows and serial blood samples were collected 1 d before and 1 d after weaning. Amongst the protein-restricted animals, heavy sows (240LP) had a smaller appetite than light sows in early lactation, resulting in lower energy and protein intakes in the 240LP than in the 180LP sows. Body protein losses were 8, 11 and 13.5% of calculated body protein mass at farrowing in the 180CP, 180LP and 240LP sows, respectively. At the end of lactation, IGF-I concentrations were lower in the 180LP than in the sows from the other groups, probably because of the uncoupling between GH and IGF-I secretions. Low IGF-I concentrations likely promote lean tissue mobilization. Glucose and insulin profiles suggested an insulin resistance state in the 240LP sows compared with the 180LP sows, which may explain, at least in part, the lower feed intake and body reserve mobilization in these sows. Plasma pre-and post-prandial concentrations of amino acids in late lactation differed among the three treatment groups. Throughout lactation, litters from the 180LP and 240LP sows had a slower growth rate than litters from sows which were not restricted, suggesting that endogenous protein mobilization throughout lactation does not completely compensate for a low protein intake. sow / live weight / lactation / protein intake / IGF-I / insulin

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Dietary protein restriction during lactation in primiparous sows with different live weights at farrowing: I. Consequences on sow metabolic status and litter growth

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Test of accuracy of the model The k lys was set to 0.80 after comparing the model prediction of SID lysine requirement and six studies (King et al, 1993;Coma et al, 1996;Dourmad et al, 1998a;Sauber et al, 1998;Yang et al, 2000;Huang et al, 2013; Figure 2). The k lys at 0.80 was consistent with what was derived from the InraPorc model (Dourmad et al, 2008), but was higher than the efficiency reported by NRC (2012), possibly due to the method used to obtain milk yield data.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…King et al (1993) showed that lactational performance is maximized at 13% to 16% dietary CP, whereas nitrogen balance is maximized at 20% to 22% dietary CP, illustrating the problem of identifying a suitable criterion/trait for building recommendations. The majority of dietary protein and AA are used for milk production during lactation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results from the literature on lysine requirements (King et al, 1993;Coma et al, 1996;Dourmad et al, 1998a;Sauber et al, 1998;Yang et al, 2000;Huang et al, 2013) were used to test the accuracy of the model using inputs from the studies (BW, BF, LG, LS and dietary ME content). From each study, numbers from the group with lowest body protein loss or N balance closest to zero were chosen.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Determination of protein and amino acid requirements of lactating sows using a population-based factorial approach

Strathe

Theil

Hansen

et al. 2015

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Determination of appropriate nutritional requirements is essential to optimize the productivity and longevity of lactating sows. The current recommendations for requirements do not consider the large variation between animals. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the amino acid recommendations for lactating sows using a stochastic modeling approach that integrates population variation and uncertainty of key parameters into establishing nutritional recommendations for lactating sows. The requirement for individual sows was calculated using a factorial approach by adding the requirement for maintenance and milk. The energy balance of the sows was either negative or zero depending on feed intake being a limiting factor. Some parameters in the model were sow-specific and others were population-specific, depending on state of knowledge. Each simulation was for 1000 sows repeated 100 times using Monte Carlo simulation techniques. BW, back fat thickness of the sow, litter size (LS), average litter gain (LG), dietary energy density and feed intake were inputs to the model. The model was tested using results from the literature, and the values were all within ±1 s.d. of the estimated requirements. Simulations were made for a group of low-(LS = 10 (s.d. = 1), LG = 2 kg/day (s.d. = 0.6)), medium-(LS = 12 (s.d. = 1), LG = 2.5 kg/day (s.d. = 0.6)) and high-producing (LS = 14 (s.d. = 1), LG = 3.5 kg/day (s.d. = 0.6)) sows, where the average requirement was the result. In another simulation, the requirements were estimated for each week of lactation. The results were given as the median and s.d. The average daily standardized ileal digestible (SID) protein and lysine requirements for low-, medium-and high-producing sows were 623 (CV = 2.5%) and 45.1 (CV = 4.8%); 765 (CV = 4.9%) and 54.7 (CV = 7.0%); and 996 (CV = 8.5%) and 70.8 g/day (CV = 9.6%), respectively. The SID protein and lysine requirements were lowest at week 1, intermediate at week 2 and 4 and the highest at week 3 of lactation. The model is a valuable tool to develop new feeding strategies by taking into account the variable requirement between groups of sows and changes during lactation. The inclusion of between-sow variation gives information on safety margins when developing new dietary recommendations of amino acids and protein for lactating sows.

show abstract

“…However, there seems to be a similarity with the effects of a low-protein diet that also causes decreased birth weight and altered body mass (BM) development of the offspring during lactation (Fagundes et al, 2007;Desai et al, 1996and 1997. Excess of nutrients can lead to altered milk volume (King et al, 1993;Del Prado et al, 1997), lactose (Pine et al, 1994) as well as milk fat concentrations (Aoki et al, 1999;Tilton et al, 1999) subsequent to changes in mammary gland (MG) structure and gene expression (Flint et al, 2005;Rudolph et al, 2007). To our knowledge, the effects of a high dietary protein intake during gestation and lactation on murine MG histology and mRNA abundance have not been determined before.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-protein diet during gestation and lactation affects mammary gland mRNA abundance, milk composition and pre-weaning litter growth in mice

Kucia

Langhammer

Görs

et al. 2011

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We evaluated the effect of a high-protein diet (HP) on pregnancy, lactational and rearing success in mice. At the time of mating, females were randomly assigned to isoenergetic diets with HP (40% w/w) or control protein levels (C; 20%). After parturition, half of the dams were fed the other diet throughout lactation resulting in four dietary groups: CC (C diet during gestation and lactation), CHP (C diet during gestation and HP diet during lactation), HPC (HP diet during gestation and C diet during lactation) and HPHP (HP diet during gestation and lactation). Maternal and offspring body mass was monitored. Measurements of maternal mammary gland (MG), kidney and abdominal fat pad masses, MG histology and MG mRNA abundance, as well as milk composition were taken at selected time points. HP diet decreased abdominal fat and increased kidney mass of lactating dams. Litter mass at birth was lower in HP than in C dams (14.8 v. 16.8 g). Dams fed an HP diet during lactation showed 5% less food intake (10.4 v. 10.9 g/day) and lower body and MG mass. On day 14 of lactation, the proportion of MG parenchyma was lower in dams fed an HP diet during gestation as compared to dams fed a C diet (64.8% v. 75.8%). Abundance of MG a-lactalbumin, b-casein, whey acidic protein, xanthine oxidoreductase mRNA at mid-lactation was decreased in all groups receiving an HP diet either during gestation and/or lactation. Milk lactose content was lower in dams fed an HP diet during lactation compared to dams fed a C diet (1.6% v. 2.0%). On days 14, 18 and 21 of lactation total litter mass was lower in litters of dams fed an HP diet during lactation, and the pups' relative kidney mass was greater than in litters suckled by dams receiving a C diet. These findings indicate that excess protein intake in reproducing mice has adverse effects on offspring early in their postnatal growth as a consequence of impaired lactational function.

show abstract

The response of first-litter sows to dietary protein level during lactation1

Cited by 113 publications

References 15 publications

Dietary protein restriction during lactation in primiparous sows with different live weights at farrowing: I. Consequences on sow metabolic status and litter growth

Dietary protein restriction during lactation in primiparous sows with different live weights at farrowing: I. Consequences on sow metabolic status and litter growth

Determination of protein and amino acid requirements of lactating sows using a population-based factorial approach

High-protein diet during gestation and lactation affects mammary gland mRNA abundance, milk composition and pre-weaning litter growth in mice

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About