The response of embedded strain sensors in concrete beams subjected to thermal loading

Ge, Y.S.; Elshafie, Mohammed; Dirar, Samir; Middleton, Campbell

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.07.102

Cited by 35 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The wavelength shift of the CCGs is subjected to the combined effect of temperature and strain and contains the effects of both the temperature changes on the CCGs itself and the strain provided by the thermal expansion of the structure caused by the temperature acting on the CCGs. Temperature compensation is adopted to decouple the CCGs signals by installing a thermocouple at the same measurement location to record the temperature response of the grating. The thermocouple signal is used in experiments to eliminate the CCGs response wavelength caused by the temperature variation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of high‐temperature strains in superalloy and carbon/carbon composites using chemical composition gratings

Xie

Meng

Jin

et al. 2016

Strain

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This paper describes an experimental and signal processing technique to perform high temperature tests on superalloy (INCONEL) and carbon/carbon structures using silica‐based chemical composition gratings (CCGs). The results obtained from applying this technique at 940°C in superalloys and 950°C for carbon/carbon (C/C) composites are benchmarked against data obtained from four different methods. The results show that the wavelength responses of the CCGs bonded on the superalloy and on the C/C plate increase nonlinearly with increasing temperatures. The temperature‐dependent strain transfer coefficients recorded during the superalloy tests show quite stable results below 600 °C and tend to slightly decrease thereafter. The values of the strain transfer coefficients below 1000 °C are significantly affected by the thermal expansion coefficient of the substrate material and the interface. We demonstrate that the strain transfer coefficient calculation method used in this paper is not suitable for low and/or negative expansion material. The results of the relative errors show that the CCGs‐F method based on the quadratic dependence of the wavelength shift versus the temperature appears to be the best to estimate the mechanical strains within the interval of temperatures considered and the measurement accuracy. The relative errors measured between 200 °C and 1000 °C are less than 5%.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of high‐temperature strains in superalloy and carbon/carbon composites using chemical composition gratings

Xie

Meng

Jin

et al. 2016

Strain

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“…(2) improved spatial resolutions (of 2 m) with added erbium doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs); (3) temperature resolutions of 1°C (with EDFAs); and (4) down to 2.5-mm spatial resolutions (however, no data are presented to support these conclusions). The experiments reported in Ge (2013) and Ge et al (2014) demonstrate limitations on the accuracy of VWSG and fiber-optic strain measurements on concrete beams tested in the laboratory: differences of up to 30% were found between readings taken at comparable locations using different types of sensors.…”

Section: Wireless Sensor Network (Wsns)mentioning

confidence: 96%

Categories of SHM Deployments: Technologies and Capabilities

2015

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The findings of an extensive literature survey focusing on bridge structural health monitoring (SHM) deployments are presented. Conventional, maturing, and emerging technologies are reviewed as well as deployment considerations for new SHM endeavors. The lack of published calibration studies (and quantification of uncertainty studies) for new sensors is highlighted as a major concern and area for future research. There are currently very few examples of SHM systems that have clearly provided significant value to the owners of monitored structures. The results of the literature survey are used to propose a categorization system to better assess the potential outcomes of bridge SHM deployments. It is shown that SHM studies can be categorized as one (or a combination) of the following: (1) anomaly detection, (2) sensor deployment studies, (3) model validation, (4) threshold check, and (5) damage detection. The new framework aids engineers specifying monitoring systems to determine what should be measured and why, hence allowing them to better evaluate what value may be delivered to the relevant stakeholders for the monitoring investments.

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“…A thermocouple was mounted on the adhesive layer to measure the temperature of the specimen and a multi-channel temperature signal acquisition instrument (LR8402-21, HIOKI, Nagano, Japan) was used to record temperature responses. The thermocouple signal was mainly used for temperature compensation, which is generally adopted to decouple CCGs signals [45]. …”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of CCG Sensors to a High-Temperature Structure Subjected to Thermo-Mechanical Load

Xie

Meng

Jin

et al. 2016

Sensors

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This paper presents a simple methodology to perform a high temperature coupled thermo-mechanical test using ultra-high temperature ceramic material specimens (UHTCs), which are equipped with chemical composition gratings sensors (CCGs). The methodology also considers the presence of coupled loading within the response provided by the CCG sensors. The theoretical strain of the UHTCs specimens calculated with this technique shows a maximum relative error of 2.15% between the analytical and experimental data. To further verify the validity of the results from the tests, a Finite Element (FE) model has been developed to simulate the temperature, stress and strain fields within the UHTC structure equipped with the CCG. The results show that the compressive stress exceeds the material strength at the bonding area, and this originates a failure by fracture of the supporting structure in the hot environment. The results related to the strain fields show that the relative error with the experimental data decrease with an increase of temperature. The relative error is less than 15% when the temperature is higher than 200 °C, and only 6.71% at 695 °C.

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The response of embedded strain sensors in concrete beams subjected to thermal loading

Cited by 35 publications

References 4 publications

Measurement of high‐temperature strains in superalloy and carbon/carbon composites using chemical composition gratings

Measurement of high‐temperature strains in superalloy and carbon/carbon composites using chemical composition gratings

Categories of SHM Deployments: Technologies and Capabilities

Application of CCG Sensors to a High-Temperature Structure Subjected to Thermo-Mechanical Load

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