The response of articular cartilage to mechanical injury.

Mankin, H J

doi:10.2106/00004623-198264030-00022

Cited by 1,127 publications

(586 citation statements)

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“…1 Conventional surgical treatments for joint lesions are not fully satisfactory, because they often result in a repair tissue that is fibrocartilaginous and exhibit poor mechanical properties. 2 Engineered cartilage, generated by chondrocytes expanded from a small tissue biopsy and cultured in a 3D environment (e.g., porous biodegradable scaffolds), has the potential to support the regeneration of large joint defects, allowing early postoperative rehabilitation and function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cartilage tissue engineering by expanded goat articular chondrocytes

Miot

Freitas

Wirz

et al. 2006

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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In this study we investigated whether expanded goat chondrocytes have the capacity to generate cartilaginous tissues with biochemical and biomechanical properties improving with time in culture. Goat chondrocytes were expanded in monolayer with or without combinations of FGF-2, TGF-b1, and PDGFbb, and the postexpansion chondrogenic capacity assessed in pellet cultures. Expanded chondrocytes were also cultured for up to 6 weeks in HYAFF 1 -M nonwoven meshes or Polyactive TM foams, and the resulting cartilaginous tissues were assessed histologically, biochemically, and biomechanically. Supplementation of the expansion medium with FGF-2 increased the proliferation rate of goat chondrocytes and enhanced their postexpansion chondrogenic capacity. FGF-2-expanded chondrocytes seeded in HYAFF 1 -M or Polyactive TM scaffolds formed cartilaginous tissues with wet weight, glycosaminoglycan, and collagen content, increasing from 2 days to 6 weeks culture (up to respectively 2-, 8-, and 41-fold). Equilibrium and dynamic stiffness measured in HYAFF 1 -M-based constructs also increased with time, up to, respectively, 1.3-and 16-fold. This study demonstrates the feasibility to engineer goat cartilaginous tissues at different stages of development by varying culture time, and thus opens the possibility to test the effect of maturation stage of engineered cartilage on the outcome of cartilage repair in orthotopic goat models. ß

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cartilage tissue engineering by expanded goat articular chondrocytes

Miot

Freitas

Wirz

et al. 2006

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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“…These can often expand with time and use, and lead to the more generalized cartilage loss associated with OA. [1][2][3] A repair response can occur when injury extends through the chondral layer to the subchondral bone and underlying vasculature. Local bleeding and fibrin clot formation causes an infiltration of bone marrow-derived cells which synthesize space-filling repair tissue ( Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may initially heal to resemble hyaline cartilage after 6-8 months, but in the longer term becomes increasingly populated with type I collagen, degenerating to a fibrocartilaginous scar tissue that does not have the appropriate physical and mechanical properties, and ultimately fails. [3][4][5] The specialized architecture and limited repair capacity of articular cartilage coupled with the high physical demands on this tissue make it exceedingly difficult to treat medically. There is currently no regimen, either pharmacologic or surgical, that is capable of restoring damaged cartilage to its normal phenotype.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene-based approaches for the repair of articular cartilage

2004

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“…The exact mechanism and signaling pathways by which these adaptive changes occur are unknown. Altered mechanical stimulation causes chondrocytes to proliferate and to change matrix macromolecules and collagen-type synthesis [5,20]. Articular cartilage defects often heal with fibrocartilage instead of hyaline cartilage [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Altered mechanical stimulation causes chondrocytes to proliferate and to change matrix macromolecules and collagen-type synthesis [5,20]. Articular cartilage defects often heal with fibrocartilage instead of hyaline cartilage [20]. Fibrocartilage formation is unwanted in articular cartilage resurfacing but actually desired in bone-tendon junction healing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Articular Cartilage Increases Transition Zone Regeneration in Bone-tendon Junction Healing

Wong

Qin

Lee

et al. 2008

Clin Orthop Relat Res

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The fibrocartilage transition zone in the direct bone-tendon junction reduces stress concentration and protects the junction from failure. Unfortunately, bonetendon junctions often heal without fibrocartilage transition zone regeneration. We hypothesized articular cartilage grafts could increase fibrocartilage transition zone regeneration. Using a goat partial patellectomy repair model, autologous articular cartilage was harvested from the excised distal third patella and interposed between the residual proximal two-thirds bone fragment and tendon during repair in 36 knees. We evaluated fibrocartilage transition zone regeneration, bone formation, and mechanical strength after repair at 6, 12, and 24 weeks and compared them with direct repair. Autologous articular cartilage interposition resulted in more fibrocartilage transition zone regeneration (69.10% ± 14.11% [mean ± standard deviation] versus 8.67% ± 7.01% at 24 weeks) than direct repair at all times. There was no difference in the amount of bone formation and mechanical strength achieved. Autologous articular cartilage interposition increases fibrocartilage transition zone regeneration in bone-tendon junction healing, but additional research is required to ascertain the mechanism of stimulation and to establish the clinical applicability.

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The response of articular cartilage to mechanical injury.

Cited by 1,127 publications

References 0 publications

Cartilage tissue engineering by expanded goat articular chondrocytes

Cartilage tissue engineering by expanded goat articular chondrocytes

Gene-based approaches for the repair of articular cartilage

Articular Cartilage Increases Transition Zone Regeneration in Bone-tendon Junction Healing

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