The response of annual runoff to the height change of the summertime 0°C level over Xinjiang

Zhang, Guangxing; Sun, Shao; Ma, Yufen; Liang, Zhao

doi:10.1007/s11442-010-0814-5

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Lacking of the meteorological data in the high mountains and that from the ground meteorological stations are interfered by noises, people have not quantitatively understand the causes for the change of the river runoff from the glacier and snowmelt in high mountains (Zhang 2007). In order to thoroughly investigate the runoff of Hotan River and its related climatic factors, we should use the data as possible as we can to collect from the ground and air sounding meteorological stations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An integrated statistical approach to identify the nonlinear trend of runoff in the Hotan River and its relation with climatic factors

Chen

et al. 2010

Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess

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A number of studies have indicated a transition from warm-dry to warm-wet climate in Northwest China after the 1980s. This transition was characterized by an increase in temperature and precipitation, added river runoff volume, increased lake water surface elevation and area, and elevated groundwater table. However, some literatures showed that the Hotan River has presented a contrary situation, i.e. the runoff decreased, whereas temperature and precipitation increased. In order to discover the nonlinear runoff trend and its causes in the Hotan River, based on the related data from hydrological stations, ground and air sounding meteorological stations, this study applied a comprehensive method combing correlation analysis, wavelet analysis and regression analysis to investigate the runoff change in the Hotan River with its relevant climatic factors over the past decades. The main findings are: (a) the hydrological process of the Hotan River is a nonlinear system, with a periodicity of 24 year cycle, and it shows different nonlinear trends at different time scales; (b) the data from the ground meteorological stations in the Hotan area shows a false appearance that there is almost no correlation between runoff and temperature, and a little negative correlation between runoff and precipitation; (c) but the data from air sounding meteorological stations shows the truth that there is a close relation between the runoff in the Hotan River and the 0°C level height in summer on the north slope of Kunlun Mountains. The two variables present a same periodicity, i.e. 24-year cycle, having similar nonlinear trends and significant correlations at different time scales.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An integrated statistical approach to identify the nonlinear trend of runoff in the Hotan River and its relation with climatic factors

Chen

et al. 2010

Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess

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“…In High Asia, summer FLH has showed predominantly upward trends during 1958–2005, being consistent with retreat of the cryosphere [ Zhang and Guo , ]. In arid regions of Northwest China, there is a strong positive correlation between runoff and FLH, and the proportion of glacial meltwater in runoff is an important driver of this relationship [ Zhang et al ., ; Chen et al ., ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent changes in freezing level heights in High Asia and their impact on glacier changes

Wang

Zhang

Pepin

et al. 2014

J. Geophys. Res. Atmos.

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The heights of the atmospheric freezing level have increased over most glacierized areas of High Asia during 1971-2010, especially in the Altai Mountains, the eastern Tianshan Mountains, and the northeastern margins of the Tibetan Plateau. The systematic increase of freezing level heights (FLHs) is evidenced from both radiosonde and National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research reanalysis data. Eleven glaciers with long-term observations are selected in typical high-elevation mountain ranges to examine the relationship between changes in FLHs and cryospheric response. Long-term trends in glacier mass balance and equilibrium line altitude (ELA) show significant correlations with changes in FLHs. A rise of 10 m in summer FLH causes mass balance of reference glaciers in High Asia to decrease by between 7 and 38 mm (water equivalent) and ELA to increase by between 3.1 and 9.8 m, respectively, depending on location. Both relationships are statistically significant (p < 0.01) for most reference glaciers. Thus, rapid deglaciation in these high mountain ranges during recent decades is related to the increase in FLH. Similar relationships may exist in other high-elevation glaciers of High Asia with changes in FLHs having significant ecological and social consequences, especially in arid and semiarid regions.

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“…Of the glaciers in this area, 2,935 are less than 1 km 2 ; these glaciers cover a total area of 807 km 2 and hold ice reserves of 21.54 km 3 . With increased temperatures, these glaciers may melt completely (Bradley et al 2009;Zhang et al 2010). In the early twenty-first century, meltwater runoff of the Urumqi River is predicted to peak, reflecting the melting of most of the upland glaciers.…”

Section: Future Meltwater Trend and Its Influence On Water Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of glacier melting on socioeconomic development in the Manas River basin, China

Tang

Zhang

et al. 2012

Nat Hazards

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This study used 46 years of recent data, including glacial area, temperature, precipitation, and runoff data, to examine the glacier melting and its possible socioeconomic effects in the Manas River basin in western China. The average yearly change in the glaciated area in the Manas River basin for the entire study period was 0.41 %, and the glacier mass balance mainly keeps negative in the last 46 years. The negative glacial mass balance observed between 1986 and 2006 was 2.8 times greater than that for the period 1960-1985. Additionally, the amount of meltwater runoff was 78 % greater in 1986-2006 than in 1960-1985, with a mean depth of 478 mm year -1.Glacier melting and runoff in the Manas River basin during the late twentieth century were higher than at present. Annual meltwater volumes can reach 1 9 10 8 m 3 , providing beneficial water resources to downstream areas. However, as the climate becomes warmer, the risk of meltwater flooding will also increase. Our calculations indicate that after the 2030s, the level of flooding risk will increase substantially.

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The response of annual runoff to the height change of the summertime 0°C level over Xinjiang

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

An integrated statistical approach to identify the nonlinear trend of runoff in the Hotan River and its relation with climatic factors

An integrated statistical approach to identify the nonlinear trend of runoff in the Hotan River and its relation with climatic factors

Recent changes in freezing level heights in High Asia and their impact on glacier changes

Effects of glacier melting on socioeconomic development in the Manas River basin, China

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