The resilience of chemically modified cottons. II. Reactions of cellulose with formaldehyde under acid conditions

Dusenbury, Joseph H.; Pacsu, Eugene; Teulings, E. P.; Lobunez, Walter

doi:10.1002/app.1961.070051813

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Treatment of the sample with 0.02 N HCl resulted in -a completely soluble carbanilated cellulose component and an insoluble residue identified as predominantly resin [14]. Formaldehyde cross link are relatively more stable to acid hydrolysis [4] and would not be expected to cleave under the mild acid conditions employed. , The substantial disparity in the DS found for the two dry-cure samples ( 0~ 16 vs. 0.30 ) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Chemical Structure of Resin-Treated Cellulose

Willard

Turner

Schwenker

1966

Textile Research Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The chemical covalent bonding of trimethylolmelamine (TMM) with cotton cellulose produced under wet and dry curing conditions has been further investigated.The extent of chemical reaction with cellulose and the location of substituents on the anhydroglucose units were determined by an analytical scheme embodying chemical modification, complete hydrolysis, and gas chromatography of the analysis products. High temperature (160°C) curing gave rise to much greater extents of reaction with cellulose than curing under wet conditions. In the case of TMM, reaction at the primary. hydroxyl (C6) predominated at DS 0.16, whereas the major reaction of a methylated TMM having DS 0.30 occurred at C2. . ~ . I

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…' 3 These pure resin monomers (TMM and DMM) were generously provided by the American Cyanamid Company. 4 American Cyanamid Company trademark. 5 Supplied by the U. S. Army Natick Laboratories.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Structure of Resin-Treated Cellulose

Willard

Turner

Schwenker

1966

Textile Research Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To reduce these effects, cellulosic fibers are covalently crosslinked . In the beginning of the 20th century, formaldehyde was introduced to the market as crosslinker converting free cellulosic hydroxyl groups into acetals . However, due to its toxicity it was soon replaced by urea‐based crosslinkers, which showed equally good anti‐creasing effects but reduced formaldehyde releases .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formaldehyde‐free curing of cotton cellulose fabrics in anhydrous media

Mommer

Kurniadi

Keul

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effect of formaldehyde-free curing on standard cotton cellulose fabrics in anhydrous media is studied. Different crosslinkers are applied via (1) a pad-cure-dry process (solid/liquid) and (2) in a vapor chamber (solid/gas). The performance of each crosslinker and set of conditions is assessed by measuring dry crease recovery angles, DCRAs. We find that in control samples (treatment without crosslinker) the DCRAs are altered depending on the solvent. Using DMF, carbonyldiimidazole shows the best DCRA (160.1 , 15 higher than the non-treated fabrics). In ethyl acetate, triglycidyl isocyanurate shows the highest DCRA (22 higher than the control). The most promising crosslinkers are applied with selected catalysts known from literature. Here, trigycidyl isocyanurate in combination with the superbase P4-t-Bu gives the best DCRA (35 higher than the control). Using the vapor-chemical finishing, divinylsulfone as crosslinker increases the DCRA to 162.7 (18 higher than non-treated fabrics). Hence, cotton cellulose fabrics can be successfully finished in anhydrous conditions.

show abstract

The resilience of chemically modified cottons. I. Reactions of alkali cellulose and of sodium cellulosates with methylene dibromide

Lobunez

Dusenbury

1961

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A study has been made of the reactions of alkali cellulose with methylene dihalides, particularly methylene dibromide. These reactions have involved cotton cellulose in a swollen state, and the treated fabrics have been found to exhibit improved wet crease recovery, with little or no effect on dry crease recovery. The rates of reaction of methylene dibromide with alkali celluloses prepared from potassium hydroxide have been found to be more than double those with alkali cellulosed prepared from sodium hydroxide. The energies of activation in both cases are about 25 kcal./mole, statistically indistinguishable for the two types of alkali, and consistent with the view that covalent bonds are being formed in the course of reaction. The implications and limitations of these results are discussed. Studies have also been made of the reactions of sodium cellulosates with methylene dibromide. In one case, the sodium cellulosates were prepared by reaction of the cellulose with sodium dissolved in liquid ammonia. Here, the reactions appear interesting, but essentially difficult to control. Sodium cellulosates were also prepared by reaction of the cellulose with sodium isoamylate in xylene. When proper care is taken to exclude water from the reaction system, it is found that the reproducibility of duplicate experiments is quite good and that the rate of reaction of the sodium cellulosate with methylene dibromide is much greater than that found for an alkali cellulose prepared from sodium hydroxide.

show abstract

The resilience of chemically modified cottons. II. Reactions of cellulose with formaldehyde under acid conditions

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

Chemical Structure of Resin-Treated Cellulose

Chemical Structure of Resin-Treated Cellulose

Formaldehyde‐free curing of cotton cellulose fabrics in anhydrous media

The resilience of chemically modified cottons. I. Reactions of alkali cellulose and of sodium cellulosates with methylene dibromide

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About