The report of the Surgeon General: preventing tobacco use among young people.

Elders, M. Joycelyn; Perry, Cheryl L.; Eriksen, Michael P.; Giovino, Gary A.

doi:10.2105/ajph.84.4.543

Cited by 216 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Preventing this morbidity and mortality is a clear public health priority. Because most smokers start smoking during adolescence 7, 8, and initiating alcohol consumption at a young age is a strong risk factor for dependence in later life 9, it is crucial to identify avoidable risk factors for tobacco or alcohol use in this period of development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescents’ exposure to tobacco and alcohol content in YouTube music videos

et al. 2015

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AimsTo quantify tobacco and alcohol content, including branding, in popular contemporary YouTube music videos; and measure adolescent exposure to such content.DesignTen‐second interval content analysis of alcohol, tobacco or electronic cigarette imagery in all UK Top 40 YouTube music videos during a 12‐week period in 2013/14; on‐line national survey of adolescent viewing of the 32 most popular high‐content videos.SettingGreat Britain.ParticipantsA total of 2068 adolescents aged 11–18 years who completed an on‐line survey.MeasurementsOccurrence of alcohol, tobacco and electronic cigarette use, implied use, paraphernalia or branding in music videos and proportions and estimated numbers of adolescents who had watched sampled videos.FindingsAlcohol imagery appeared in 45% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 33–51%] of all videos, tobacco in 22% (95% CI = 13–27%) and electronic cigarettes in 2% (95% CI = 0–4%). Alcohol branding appeared in 7% (95% CI = 2–11%) of videos, tobacco branding in 4% (95% CI = 0–7%) and electronic cigarettes in 1% (95% CI = 0–3%). The most frequently observed alcohol, tobacco and electronic cigarette brands were, respectively, Absolut Tune, Marlboro and E‐Lites. At least one of the 32 most popular music videos containing alcohol or tobacco content had been seen by 81% (95% CI = 79%, 83%) of adolescents surveyed, and of these 87% (95% CI = 85%, 89%) had re‐watched at least one video. The average number of videos seen was 7.1 (95% CI = 6.8, 7.4). Girls were more likely to watch and also re‐watch the videos than boys, P < 0.001.ConclusionsPopular YouTube music videos watched by a large number of British adolescents, particularly girls, include significant tobacco and alcohol content, including branding.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescents’ exposure to tobacco and alcohol content in YouTube music videos

et al. 2015

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“…Research has demonstrated that having family or peers that smoke will increase the likelihood of ever smoking [62,63]. Furthermore, epidemiological studies suggest that adolescents are more vulnerable to nicotine addiction: 88% of smokers tried their first cigarette before age 18, and the development of daily cigarette smoking typically occurs before age 25 [10,41]. There is also considerable evidence that genetics influence several smoking-related behaviors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variability in nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and nicotine addiction: Converging evidence from human and animal research

Portugal

Gould

2008

Behavioural Brain Research

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Tobacco smoking is a leading preventable cause of death in the United States and produces a major health and economic burden. Although the majority of smokers want to quit, few are successful. These data highlight the need for additional research into the neurobiology of tobacco dependence. Addiction to nicotine, the main psychoactive component of tobacco, is influenced by multiple factors that include individual differences in genetic makeup. Twin studies have demonstrated that genetic factors can influence vulnerability to nicotine addiction, and subsequent research has identified genes that may alter sensitivity to nicotine. In humans, genome-wide and candidate gene association studies have demonstrated that genes encoding nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) proteins are associated with multiple smoking phenotypes. Similarly, research in mice has provided evidence that naturally occurring variability in nAChR genes is associated with changes in nicotine sensitivity. Furthermore, the use of genetic knockout mice has allowed researchers to determine the nAChR genes that mediate the effects of nicotine, whereas research with knockin mice has demonstrated that changes to nAChR genes can dramatically alter nicotine sensitivity. This review will examine the genetic factors that alter susceptibility to nicotine addiction, with an emphasis on the genes that encode nAChR proteins.

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“…14 A adição à nicotina ocorre com o uso regular de tabaco e adolescentes fumantes têm alta probabilidade de tornarem-se adultos fumantes. 3 Os fatores de risco para tabagismo na adolescência citados na literatura são: sexo e idade, nível socioeconômico, fumo dos pais ou irmãos e dos amigos, rendimento escolar, trabalho remunerado e separação dos pais. Os estudos mostram que o hábito de fumar dos amigos e dos irmãos mais velhos está fortemente associado ao tabagismo em adolescentes.…”

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Prevalência e fatores de risco para tabagismo em adolescentes

2003

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OBJETIVO: O tabagismo é uma das principais causas de enfermidades evitáveis e incapacidades prematuras. Nesse sentido, realizou-se estudo com o objetivo de medir a prevalência e estudar fatores de risco associados ao tabagismo nos adolescentes. MÉTODOS: A partir de um delineamento transversal de base populacional, estudou-se uma amostra representativa de 1.187 adolescentes de 10 a 19 anos, da zona urbana de Pelotas, sul do Brasil. Todos os adolescentes da amostra, de cada domicílio, foram entrevistados por meio de questionário pré-codificado, individual e confidencial. Utilizou-se o teste de Kaplan-Meier para análise da curva de sobrevida. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de tabagismo na amostra foi de 12,1% (IC95% 10,3%-14%). As prevalências foram similares para os sexos femininos e masculinos. Os fatores de risco para tabagismo na análise multivariada, por regressão logística, foram: maior idade, odds ratio (OR) de 28,7 (11,5-71,4), irmãos mais velhos fumantes, OR de 2,4 (1,5-3,8), três ou mais amigos fumantes, OR de 17,5 (8,8-34,8) e baixa escolaridade OR de 3,5 (1,5-8,0). CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência de tabagismo na adolescência mostrou-se alta, na cidade de Pelotas. Campanhas antitabágicas devem ser direcionadas à comunidade e à família tendo o adolescente como alvo. Medidas legais adotadas pelo governo são importantes para impedir o acesso dos adolescentes ao cigarro.

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The report of the Surgeon General: preventing tobacco use among young people.

Cited by 216 publications

References 40 publications

Adolescents’ exposure to tobacco and alcohol content in YouTube music videos

Adolescents’ exposure to tobacco and alcohol content in YouTube music videos

Genetic variability in nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and nicotine addiction: Converging evidence from human and animal research

Prevalência e fatores de risco para tabagismo em adolescentes

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