The replacement of CFCS in refrigeration equipment by environmentally benign alternatives

Hewitt, N. J.; McMullan, J. T.

doi:10.1016/s1359-4311(96)00057-9

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In order to protect the ozone layer, CFC-free conventional compression systems are currently being developed, mainly with HFCs (Hewitt and McMullan, 1997). Nevertheless, these new refrigerants produce some greenhouse e!ect and might be banned in the next decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entropic analysis of adsorption open cycles for air conditioning. Part 1: first and second law analyses

Pons

Kodama

2000

Int. J. Energy Res.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entropic analysis of adsorption open cycles for air conditioning. Part 1: first and second law analyses

Pons

Kodama

2000

Int. J. Energy Res.

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“…Between 0º C to 15º C, Hewitt & McMullan [19] studied the performance of HFC R407C in a R22 compressor and reported deterioration in performance with decreasing evaporator temperature compared to that of R22. Johansson &Lundqvist [20] performed simulation as well as field tests in chillers at an evaporating temperature of 6ºC working with R134A, Propane, R404A, R407C and lsceon 59 refrigerants.…”

Section: Based On Evaporator Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…La Rocca et al [18] investigated R413A, R417A, R422A and R422D in a low-temperature refrigerating unit to replace R22 and reported that COP was lower for all the replacement fluids showing inferior energy efficiency and higher energy consumption. [19] studied the performance of HFC R407C in a R22 compressor and reported deterioration in performance with decreasing evaporator temperature compared to that of R22. Johansson &Lundqvist [20] performed simulation as well as field tests in chillers at an evaporating temperature of 6ºC working with R134A, Propane, R404A, R407C and lsceon 59 refrigerants.…”

Section: Based On Evaporator Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative Refrigerants for HCFC 22—a Review

Kalla¹

2018

Journal of Thermal Engineering

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The aim of this paper is to determine the best available alternative which could replace existing refrigerant R22, with minimum or no changes in the air conditioning system. For this purpose, both the theoretical as well as experimental studies done in this area of research have been reviewed. The most popular HFC, R410A is having lower critical temperature, which restricts its usage in compression based systems working at higher condensing temperatures whereas for R407C, a change to synthetic lubricant is required and HC-290 is flammable. It is suggested that until the safety issue of use of hydrocarbon refrigerants in quantities exceeding 500gm is resolved, we should go for those mixtures of HFCs and HCs for which TEWI index is the lowest.

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“…However, for a given gap size, the critical heat flux increased with oil concentration accompanied by greater surface superheats. The effects of refrigerant/oil solubility of mixture of refrigerants and oils on system performance were analyzed by Hewitt and McMullan (1997). Their focus was on refrigerants that can replace chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), and on synthetic oils.…”

Section: Effects Of Oil/lubricantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop Correlations for Evaporation of Fluid Flow in Plate Heat Exchangers (RP-1352)

Khan

Chyu

et al. 2009

HVAC&R Research

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This paper is based on findings resulting from ASHRAE Research Project RP-1352.Plate heat exchangers have been widely used in dairy, food processing, paper/pulp, heating, ventilating, and other related industry. While single-phase flow in plate heat exchangers has been studied extensively, the industry lacks basic information on fluid flow evaporating in plate heat exchangers. This paper provides a review of heat transfer and pressure drop correlations for fluid flow evaporating in plate heat exchangers. Emphasis is placed on the application of a plate heat exchanger as an ammonia evaporator in a refrigeration system. It is shown via thorough research of related thermal-hydraulic phenomena that heat transfer and pressure drop correlations are needed for liquid ammonia flow evaporating in plate heat exchangers. The effects of plate geometry, plate material, oil/lubricant concentration, and several operating parameters on heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop for plate heat exchangers also need to be quantified.

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The replacement of CFCS in refrigeration equipment by environmentally benign alternatives

Cited by 10 publications

References 47 publications

Entropic analysis of adsorption open cycles for air conditioning. Part 1: first and second law analyses

Entropic analysis of adsorption open cycles for air conditioning. Part 1: first and second law analyses

Alternative Refrigerants for HCFC 22—a Review

Review of Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop Correlations for Evaporation of Fluid Flow in Plate Heat Exchangers (RP-1352)

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