The Repersonalization of Presidential Campaigning in 2004

Gronbeck, Bruce E.; Wiese, Danielle R.

doi:10.1177/0002764205279754

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Accusations were made that discourse was retarding any meaningful political debates and distorting people’s thoughts and views. These writers would likely agree with Gronbeck and Wiese (2005) who said that the creation of the red and blue labels were lazy constructs maintained by political professionals for the purposes of commodifying voters through the use of inaccurate stereotypes. As Landa (2006) added, I never cared much for the red-state, blue-state political composition; I thought it was lazy.…”

Section: Qualitative Framework: Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

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Color-Coding Politics

Gross

2013

Sage Open

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During the 2000 Presidential election between George H. W. Bush and Al Gore, journalists often used the terms blue states and red states to describe the political landscape within the United States. This article studies the framing of these terms during the years 2004 through 2007. Using latent and manifest qualitative content analyses, six different news media frames were found in a sample of 337 newspaper articles. Two hypotheses were also tested indicating that framing patterns varied slightly by time period and article types. However, the argument that increased levels of political polarization in the United States have been created by predominantly conflict-oriented coverage may not be true. Instead, these terms became journalistic heuristics that were used to organize how people think about politics in a way that fit with contemporary media practices, and there is no single agreed upon interpretation of these terms within this reporting.

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Section: Qualitative Framework: Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…34-35). Gronbeck and Wiese (2005) also found the red/blue paradigm to be a media oversimplification of reality; an overarching story line constructed to frame public opinion while on the campaign trail. The concept of red and blue were terms used in an effort to commodify the American voter by the reporters and politicians.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Color-Coding Politics

Gross

2013

Sage Open

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“…While there are some authors who challenge the validity of the red and blue state terminology (McCormick, 2014;Gelman, 2008;Fiorina, Abrams, & Pope, 2006;Webster, 2007;Gronbeck & Wiese, 2005;Glaeser & Ward, 2006;Levendusky & Pope, 2011;Blakenau, Snowden, & Langan, 2008;Geiguen & Webber, 2014), there are others who understand red and blue states as an accurate representation of deep social, cultural and economic differences existing between people in the United States. The colors are often used as shorthand expression of deep divisions in political beliefs and values that are based on significant demographic differences in educational attainment, urbanization, and religiosity found within the nation.…”

Section: Has the United States Become More Polarized?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Color-Coded US Politics: Media Frames Found in US Newspaper Articles from 2004 to 2012

Gross

LoBello

2015

Studies in Media and Communication

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During the 2000 US Presidential election, the terms "blue states" and "red states" emerged as a way to describe the political landscape of the United States. While these terms have become common heuristics used to organize how people think about politics, there is no singular agreed upon interpretation of what these terms tell us about America politics. This paper reviews the literature on framing and then discusses the identification of six media frames constructed around these terms between 2004 and 2012. Then, using a sample of 607 US newspaper articles, quantitative analysis indicates that the prevalence of particular frames changes during Presidential election years and by types of author. Overall, we find that frames vary in frequency depending on when the publication date and type of author, while also exploring how writers have used increasingly applied these terms towards seemingly apolitical realms of everyday life.

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“…Moreover, the dialogic and networking opportunities of contemporary Internet platforms may augment their credibility, as noted by various scholars of rhetoric. Gronbeck and Wiese argue that digital media contribute to ‘de-massification and, hence, repersonalization of campaign processes’ (2005: 529), thus facilitating connections between politicians and citizens. E-campaigning may be more likely to persuade citizens because it enriches their experiences and takes their identities into account.…”

Section: Online Campaigning Effects: a Question Of Intensitymentioning

confidence: 99%

From echo chamber to persuasive device? Rethinking the role of the Internet in campaigns

Vaccari

2012

New Media & Society

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Most of the e-campaigning literature claims that the Internet can reinforce political attitudes, but not change them. In this article, I analyze the issue through the receive−accept−sample (RAS) theory, which postulates that messages can change attitudes if they are both received and accepted by audiences. Based on qualitative elite interviews with 31 consultants and operatives involved in the 2008 United States presidential election, I argue that campaigns are finding new avenues to improve both reception and acceptance of their messages, and the implications merit close empirical scrutiny. The probability of message reception can be increased by citizens' propensity to seek out issue positions online and by diffusion through low-threshold activities by supporters; the probability of message acceptance can be augmented by video and the targeting of content; finally, indirect persuasion through interpersonal communication can increase the probability of both reception and acceptance.

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The Repersonalization of Presidential Campaigning in 2004

Cited by 10 publications

References 5 publications

Color-Coding Politics

Color-Coding Politics

Color-Coded US Politics: Media Frames Found in US Newspaper Articles from 2004 to 2012

From echo chamber to persuasive device? Rethinking the role of the Internet in campaigns

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