The renin–angiotensin system is modulated by swimming training depending on the age of spontaneously hypertensive rats

Zamo, Fernanda S.; Baraúna, Valério Garrone; Chiavegatto, Silvana; Irigoyen, Maria Cláudia; Oliveira, Edilamar Menezes de

doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2011.05.004

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…However, previous studies showed that in hypertensive mice, endurance exercise could significantly reduce BP (46,47). A part of this useful effect of exercise on reduction of BP in hypertensive animals has been attributed to increased plasma-level of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) (a vasodilator and reducer of peripheral vascular resistance), reduction of Angiotensin II (a potent vasoconstrictor) and reduction of sympathetic nerve activity during swimming activity (46,47). The difference between these two studies and ours could be due to examining hypertensive animals in those two studies, while animals were normotensive in our study, and it is evident that treatment protocols such as drugs and exercise can be more effective upon hypertensive animals compared with normotensive ones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…It was also reported that chronic administration of nandrolone and swimming exercise, alone or in combination, have no effect on BP (29,45). However, previous studies showed that in hypertensive mice, endurance exercise could significantly reduce BP (46,47). A part of this useful effect of exercise on reduction of BP in hypertensive animals has been attributed to increased plasma-level of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) (a vasodilator and reducer of peripheral vascular resistance), reduction of Angiotensin II (a potent vasoconstrictor) and reduction of sympathetic nerve activity during swimming activity (46,47).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the effect of chronic administration of nandrolone and exercise on HR, most of similar studies reported lack of significant effect of exercise (46,47,49) or chronic administration of nandrolone (48,50) on HR of rats. Soares et al (29) reported insignificant effect of exercise and nandrolone, alone or in combination, on HR of rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nandrolone plus moderate exercise increases the susceptibility to lethal arrhythmias

Joukar¹,

Baravati²,

Fathpour³

et al. 2015

Res Cardiovasc Med

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Background: Until now, no experimental study has directly assessed the arrhythmogenesis of chronic consumption of anabolic androgenic steroids along with moderate-intensity endurance exercise. Objectives: We evaluated the influence of integration of anabolic androgenic steroids along with moderate-intensity endurance exercise on susceptibility to lethal ventricular arrhythmias in rat. Materials and Methods:The animal groups were as follows: control group (CTL); exercise group (EX) which were under 6 weeks of treadmill exercise; nandrolone group (Nan) which received 5 mg/kg of nandrolone decanoate twice a week; vehicle group (Arach) which received Arachis oil (solvent of nandrolone); trained vehicle group (Arach + Ex); and trained nandrolone group (Nan + Ex). One day after ending of the intervention period, arrhythmia was inducted by intravenous infusion of aconitine and ventricular arrhythmias were recorded. Then malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) of heart tissue were measured. Results: Nandrolone, exercise, and their combination were associated with heart hypertrophy. Exercise could prevent the incremental effect of nandrolone on MDA/GPX ratio. Chronic administration of nandrolone with moderate-intensity endurance exercise had no significant effect on blood pressure, heart rate, and basal electrocardiographic parameters. Combination of nandrolone and exercise significantly increased the incidence of ventricular fibrillation (VF) and reduced the VF latency (P < 0.05). Conclusions:The findings suggest that chronic coadministration of nandrolone with moderate-intensity endurance exercise facilitates the VF occurrence in rat. Complementary studies are needed to elucidate the involved mechanisms of this abnormality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nandrolone plus moderate exercise increases the susceptibility to lethal arrhythmias

Joukar¹,

Baravati²,

Fathpour³

et al. 2015

Res Cardiovasc Med

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“…26 However, these effects depended on the age of spontaneously hypertensive rats. There are only single reports about the expression of RAS genes in leukocytes of hypertensive adults but none in hypertensive children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Genes Profile of Renin–Angiotensin System, Immune System, and Adipokines Receptors in Leukocytes of Children With Primary Hypertension

et al. 2013

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Abstract-Renin-angiotensin system, metabolic abnormalities, and immune activity have a role in the pathogenesis of primary hypertension. We assessed the leukocyte mRNA expression of angiotensinogen, angiotensin converting enzyme, renin, angiotensin 2 type 1 receptor, CD14 molecule, adiponectin type 1 receptor, and leptin receptor in hypertensive children before and after nonpharmacological treatment. Leukocyte mRNA expression was measured by means of quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in 23 hypertensive children before and after 6 months of nonpharmacological treatment based on dietary advice and physical activities. Twenty-three normotensive children matched for age, sex, and body mass index served as a control group. Before treatment patients had elevated expression of angiotensin converting enzyme and CD14 mRNA, decreased expression of angiotensinogen and angiotensin type 1 receptor mRNA, and unchanged expression of renin, adiponectin, and leptin receptors mRNA as compared with controls. Renin mRNA negatively correlated with 24-hour mean arterial pressure and carotid intima-media thickness. Six months of nonpharmacological treatment caused decrease of blood pressure and normalization of metabolic abnormalities. Renin, adiponectin, and leptin receptors mRNA expression decreased and were lower than in control group. Changes in blood pressure, left ventricular mass, carotid intima-media thickness, body mass index, and waist circumference did not correlate with changes in the expression of renin-angiotensin system genes, CD14, leptin, and adiponectin receptors mRNA. We conclude that leukocytes of hypertensive children displayed alterations in the expression of renin-angiotensin system genes as well as those of CD14. Nonpharmacological treatment resulted in downregulation of genes involved in reninangiotensin activation and those engaged in leukocyte responses to adipokines. (Hypertension. 2013;61:431-436.)

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“…(30,31) Zamo et al (32) reported a decrease of SBP and mean BP in addition to rest bradycardia in young male adult SHR after 8 weeks of swimming APT. These changes were associated with reduced circulating angiotensin II; however only in young SHR was decreased expression of the components of the renin angiotensin system (RAS) in the cardiac tissue.…”

Section: Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (Shr)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of aerobic exercise training in animal models of hypertension.

Palma¹,

Malfitano²,

Shimojo³

et al. 2015

mtprehabjournal

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Background: Hypertension is one of the leading causes of death due to stroke, heart attack and kidney failure. The understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in its development and maintenance is critical to potential therapeutic interventions. Thus, animal models of hypertension have been used in the study of this disease for many years. Objective: To investigated the effects of dynamic aerobic exercise training as a non-pharmacological approach for the management of hypertension in animal models. Method/Design: This study is a literature review conducted in the Medline database. Results: The results demonstrated that aerobic exercise training may reduce blood pressure in different rat models of hypertension. Conclusions: The dynamic aerobic exercise can reduced blood pressure in different animal models of hypertension by mechanisms that involving neurohumoral changes, reinforcing the important role of this approach in the treatment of hypertension and its associated disorders.

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The renin–angiotensin system is modulated by swimming training depending on the age of spontaneously hypertensive rats

Cited by 29 publications

References 60 publications

Nandrolone plus moderate exercise increases the susceptibility to lethal arrhythmias

Nandrolone plus moderate exercise increases the susceptibility to lethal arrhythmias

Altered Genes Profile of Renin–Angiotensin System, Immune System, and Adipokines Receptors in Leukocytes of Children With Primary Hypertension

Effects of aerobic exercise training in animal models of hypertension.

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