The renaissance of iron-based Fischer–Tropsch synthesis: on the multifaceted catalyst deactivation behaviour

Abstract

Iron-based Fischer-Tropsch catalysts, which are applied in the conversion of CO and H2 into longer hydrocarbon chains, are historically amongst the most intensively studied systems in heterogeneous catalysis. Despite this, fundamental understanding of the complex and dynamic chemistry of the iron-carbon-oxygen system and its implications for the rapid deactivation of the iron-based catalysts is still a developing field. Fischer-Tropsch catalysis is characterized by its multidisciplinary nature and therefore deals with a wide variety of fundamental chemical and physical problems. This critical review will summarize the current state of knowledge of the underlying mechanisms for the activation and eventual deactivation of iron-based Fischer-Tropsch catalysts and suggest systematic approaches for relating chemical identity to performance in next generation iron-based catalyst systems (210 references).

Metal organic framework-mediated synthesis of highly active and stable Fischer-Tropsch catalysts

“…In the first column (Carboxen 1010, 10 m  0.32 mm) N 2 , CO, CH 4 and CO 2 were separated at 333 K and analysed by Thermal conductivity detector (TCD). In the second column (Al 2 O 3 /KCl, 10 m  0.32 mm) with flame ionization detector (FID) detection, separation between all C1-C4 components was achieved at 434 K.…”

The role of Cu on the reduction behavior and surface properties of Fe-based Fischer–Tropsch catalysts

“…[1][2][3] Recently, there has been a renewed interest in FTS as it presents an attractive way to produce chemicals and transportation fuels from carbon sources alternative to crude oil. FTS is catalyzed by all first row group VIII transition metals and Ru, although Co and Fe have the most desirable catalytic and economic properties.…”

Attrition Resistant Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts Based on FCC Supports

“…As the reaction proceeds, the conversion drops down continuously over Albemarle-spent FCC supported catalyst and reaches down to 68% at 24 h. [23,38]. Deposition of inactive carbonaceous compounds through Boudouard reaction is the most common way of Fe catalysts deactivation as shown in Eqs.…”

“…Deposition of inactive carbonaceous compounds through Boudouard reaction is the most common way of Fe catalysts deactivation as shown in Eqs. (3) and (4) [38].…”

“…The CO conversion was higher on Engelhard-spent FCC catalyst with low selectivities towards CO 2 and CH 4 and high selectivity for the formation of C 5 + hydrocarbons in comparision to Albemarle-spent FCC catalyst. This can be attributed to the greater extent of carbide formation on the Engelhard-spent FCC catalyst [38], which can be observed from least square fitting of XANES results (Table-4 …”