The Removal of Silica from Water for Boiler Feed Purposes

Schwartz, M. C.

doi:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1938.tb19557.x

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…A. W. W. A. containing iron and manganese. Schwartz (6) investigating methods of removal of silica from water, found that coagulation with ferric sulfate on the alkaline side gave the best removal. Residual silica concentrations as low as 2.2 p.p.m.…”

Section: Coagulation With Sulfur Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sulfur compounds such as the sulfates of iron and aluminum are used successfully in the coagulation of water and sewage. Recently Schwartz (6) reported that the use of ferric sulfate and lime was the most efficient process for removing silica from water. The use of sulfur dioxide with alum for color removal is an interesting development which will be discussed later.…”

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Use of Sulfur Compounds for Treatment of Water and Industrial Wastes

Carpenter¹,

Setter²,

Coates³

1939

Journal AWWA

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S ULF UR or sulfur compounds have found rather wide application in water and sewage treatment. One of the more recent uses has been as an aid in the prevention of corrosion in industrial water systems.A modern method of deoxygenation for corrosion prevention is the use of reducing agents to combine with the dissolved oxygen. The reaction between sodium sulfite, for example, and dissolved oxygen to form sodium sulfate is quite rapid at the temperatures found in boilers so it is extensively utilized in the deoxygenation of boiler feed water.Powell (1) reports the use of sodium sulfite as an aid in the prevention of corrosion in a nine-mile steel pipe line carrying water to the Grand Ecaille development of The Freeport Sulphur Company. This pipe line had suffered a large loss in capacity due to tuberculation. After the pipe line had been mechanically cleaned, 95 per cent of the dissolved oxygen present in the water was removed by vacuum deaeration and the remaining 5 per cent removed by reaction with sodium sulfite. Later examinations of the pipe line indicated that the deoxygenation had been very effective in arresting corrosion.Sulfur dioxide added as a compressed gas or generated by the use of a sulfur burner at the site has been suggested as a substitute for sodium sulfite as a reducing agent. Since the oxidation of sulfite to sulfate is quite slow at ordinary temperatures, the use of catalysts has been proposed. The results of an investigation of this subject are herein included.Many water purification plants have adopted super-chlorination,

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Section: Coagulation With Sulfur Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Sulfur Compounds for Treatment of Water and Industrial Wastes

Carpenter¹,

Setter²,

Coates³

1939

Journal AWWA

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Critical Problems in the Boiler Feed Water Field

Schwartz¹

1942

Journal AWWA

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A T THIS particular time of all-out war effort, when power stations are loading their equipment beyond peacetime normal capacity and when outage for failure of equipment or even for maintenance is harmful to production, operating problems normally non-existent may arise for the first time or existing ones may be aggravated. Bailey (1) recently stated that there are still more outages for tube losses and for cleaning scale and sludge from boilers than from any other cause.Many operating problems are introduced from the presence of certain substances in both the boiler feed water and the resulting steam produced, or even from the pure water and steam itself, supposing it were possible to remove all soluble or insoluble substances. It is obviously impossible to list all of the known cases but a few recent illustrations are mentioned. These are: cracking in boiler tube ends (2), carryover from lack of sufficient steam circulating tubes (3), condenser-tube scale (2), complex silicate boiler scales (4), carryover from a de-superheated system (2), pH control of phosphate-treated feed water to prevent scale in the boiler feed water system (5), hot spots or dry areas from inadequate water circulation (6,7), corrosion from steam blanketed areas (6, 7), corrosion from excessive local alkalinity (8) and excessive adherent sludge deposits (8). An excellent general source of information on current operating problems is the subcommittee reports of the Prime Movers Committee of Edison Electric Institute.It is not possible here to consider at any length all, or even many, of the operating problems introduced in the power plant by water and steam. However, one of the most important problems introduced by the use of high-pressure, high-make-up steam generating plants is carryover and its relationship to turbine deposits.

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Ion Exchange in Water Treatment

Calmon¹

1949

Ion Exchange

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The Removal of Silica from Water for Boiler Feed Purposes

Cited by 6 publications

References 51 publications

Use of Sulfur Compounds for Treatment of Water and Industrial Wastes

Use of Sulfur Compounds for Treatment of Water and Industrial Wastes

Critical Problems in the Boiler Feed Water Field

Ion Exchange in Water Treatment

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