The removal of heavy metal cations by sulfidated nanoscale zero-valent iron (S-nZVI): The reaction mechanisms and the role of sulfur

Li, Liang; Li, Xiaoqin; Guo, Yiqing; Lin, Zhang; Su, Xintai; Liu, Bo

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124057

Cited by 109 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The difference in binding energy between SMBA and the other two sorbents could be explained by the fact that the SMBA had 2.83% S content on the surface; meanwhile, no S content was observed on the surface of both BA and SBA ( Table S1 ). Sulfur has a high affinity toward heavy metals, and its interaction is generally used to remove ionic forms of heavy metals in solutions or soil [ 57 , 58 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bottom Ash Modification via Sintering Process for Its Use as a Potential Heavy Metal Adsorbent: Sorption Kinetics and Mechanism

Hong

Kim

et al. 2021

Materials

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Heavy metal pollution in the environment is a critical issue, engendering ecosystem deterioration and adverse effects on human health. The main objective of this study was to evaluate heavy metal adsorbents by modifying industrial byproducts. The bottom ash was sintered and evaluated for Cd and Pb sorption. Three adsorbents (bottom ash, sintered bottom ash (SBA), and SBA mixed with microorganisms (SBMA)) were tested to evaluate the sorption kinetics and mechanism using a lab-scale batch experiment. The results showed that the highest sorption efficiency was observed for Cd (98.16%) and Pb (98.41%) with 10% SBA. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 > 0.99) represented the sorption kinetics better than the pseudo-first-order kinetic model for the SBA and SBMA, indicating that chemical precipitation could be the dominant sorption mechanism. This result is supported by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, demonstrating that -OH, -CO3, -O, and -S complexation was formed at the surface of the sintered materials as Cd(OH)2 and CdCO3 for Cd and PbO, and PbS for Pb. Overall, SBA could be utilized for heavy metal sorption. Further research is necessary to enhance the sorption capacity and longevity of modified industrial byproducts.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bottom Ash Modification via Sintering Process for Its Use as a Potential Heavy Metal Adsorbent: Sorption Kinetics and Mechanism

Hong

Kim

et al. 2021

Materials

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“…The decreasing Pd 2+ /Pd 0 and increasing O β /O α ratios in XPS analysis also confirms the deposition of NH 4 HSO 4 and PdSO 4 on Used-S and Used-H catalysts. Both SO 4 2− and S 2− species are detected in the peaks of S 2p XPS spectra for the Used-S catalyst, 18,26 while only SO 4 2− species are found in the Used-H catalyst surface. It can be speculated that these results can be attributed to the possibly occurred surface reactions of (i) SO 2ads + O 2− → SO 3 2− ads , (ii) SO 3 2− ads + 1/2 O 2ads → SO 4 2− , and (iii) SO 2ads + 4(−OH) → S ads + 2 H 2 O + 4(−O) under dry conditions; (i) and (ii) are the main reaction, and only a small amount of adsorbed SO 2 is reduced to S 2− by Brønsted acidic sites (−OH).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…As shown in Figure 4d, the peaks of S 2p XPS spectra at 168.38 and 161.75 eV came from SO 4 2− and S 2− species, respectively. 18,26 Both SO 4 2− and S 2− species are detected on the Used-S catalyst surface, while only SO 4 2− species were found on the Used-H catalyst surface. Additionally, no peak corresponding to SO 3 2− species is detected on the catalyst surface.…”

Section: Effects Of So 2 Poisoning On Cbco + Scrmentioning

confidence: 99%

SO₂ Poisoning Mechanism of the Multi-active Center Catalyst for Chlorobenzene and NO_x Synergistic Degradation at Dry and Humid Environments

Shen

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The performance of fresh (PdV/TiO 2 ), sulfur poisoned (Used-S and Used-H), and regenerated (Used-R S and Used-R H ) multi-active center catalysts for chlorobenzene catalytic oxidation and selective catalytic reduction (CBCO + SCR) reaction is investigated. The reaction on the catalyst surface is blocked after sulfur poisoning owing to the occupation and deposition of catalyst active centers (mainly Pd centers) by PdSO 4 (and/or PdS in a dry environment) and NH 4 HSO 4 species, especially the CBCO process. Sulfates (mainly NH 4 HSO 4 ) on the sulfur poisoned catalyst surface are partially decomposed after 400 °C thermal regeneration, while the deactivation caused by the formation of PdSO 4 species is irreversible. Density functional theory calculation results show that in the PdSO 4 and NH 4 HSO 4 generation paths, each step of the elementary reaction has just a small energy barrier to overcome, and the stability of the product for each elementary reaction increases gradually. Even worse, SO 2 is easily combined with H 2 O gas molecules to form H 2 SO 3 in a humid environment, and the energy barrier for conversion of SO 3 2− to SO 4 2− is just 0.041 eV. The two oxygen vacancies (VO x-1 or TiO x-1 ) provide adsorption sites for CBCO + SCR reaction gas molecules but do not exhibit adsorption properties for SO 2 , which gives a possible idea for optimization of sulfur resistance. The present work is favorable for further synergistic removal of CB/NO x by the catalyst for anti-SO 2 poisoning modification and application in the manufacture industry.

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“…However, due to its slow removal rate of some pollutants, narrow range of active pH value (Bounab et al 2021), easy agglomeration and other problems, researchers focus more on iron nanoparticles modification to overcome its shortcomings. At present, the main modification measures include green synthetic iron nanoparticles, sulfide-modified iron nanoparticles, supported iron nanoparticles, and stabilized-modified iron nanoparticles (Zhang et al 2018(Zhang et al , 2020Liang et al 2021). Although there are numerous modification methods at present, sulfide modification materials are more breakthrough because of their environmental friendliness and high reactivity.…”

Section: Graphical Abstract Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, current studies have investigated that sulfidated iron nanoparticles had some limitations in the practical application, such as the complex synthesis schemes, the use of dangerous reducing reagents and the introduction of boron impurities during the synthesis process (Liang et al 2021). Therefore, it is necessary to develop a more environmental and economic friendly method.…”

Section: Graphical Abstract Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green sulfidated iron oxide nanocomposites for efficient removal of Malachite Green and Rhodamine B from aqueous solution

Guo

Zhang

Song³

et al. 2022

Water Science and Technology

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A green and facile pathway was described using Viburnum odoratissimum leaf extract in the presence of sodium thiosulfate for the synthesis of sulfidated iron oxide nanocomposites (S-Fe NCs) adsorbents. The prepared S-Fe NCs can be used for the efficient removal of Malachite Green (MG) and Rhodamine B (RhB) from aqueous solution. Analytical techniques by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were applied to understand the morphologies and compositions of S-Fe NCs. The stability of the adsorption capacity on S-Fe NCs was studied. Results from the characterization studies showed that S-Fe NCs was mainly composed of iron oxides, iron sulfides and biomolecules. The S-Fe NCs displayed high adsorption capacity for a wide range of pH values. The Koble-Corrigan isotherm model and Elovich model well described the adsorption process. The maximum adsorption capacity for MG and RhB were 4.31 mmol g−1 and 2.88 mmol g−1 at 303 K, respectively. The adsorption mechanism may be attributed to the electrostatic interaction, the hydrogen bonding, the π-π stacking interactions, the inner-sphere surface complexation or the cation bridging among the S-Fe NCs and dye molecules.

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The removal of heavy metal cations by sulfidated nanoscale zero-valent iron (S-nZVI): The reaction mechanisms and the role of sulfur

Cited by 109 publications

References 47 publications

Bottom Ash Modification via Sintering Process for Its Use as a Potential Heavy Metal Adsorbent: Sorption Kinetics and Mechanism

Bottom Ash Modification via Sintering Process for Its Use as a Potential Heavy Metal Adsorbent: Sorption Kinetics and Mechanism

SO₂ Poisoning Mechanism of the Multi-active Center Catalyst for Chlorobenzene and NO_x Synergistic Degradation at Dry and Humid Environments

Green sulfidated iron oxide nanocomposites for efficient removal of Malachite Green and Rhodamine B from aqueous solution

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The removal of heavy metal cations by sulfidated nanoscale zero-valent iron (S-nZVI): The reaction mechanisms and the role of sulfur

Cited by 109 publications

References 47 publications

Bottom Ash Modification via Sintering Process for Its Use as a Potential Heavy Metal Adsorbent: Sorption Kinetics and Mechanism

Bottom Ash Modification via Sintering Process for Its Use as a Potential Heavy Metal Adsorbent: Sorption Kinetics and Mechanism

SO2 Poisoning Mechanism of the Multi-active Center Catalyst for Chlorobenzene and NOx Synergistic Degradation at Dry and Humid Environments

Green sulfidated iron oxide nanocomposites for efficient removal of Malachite Green and Rhodamine B from aqueous solution

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

SO₂ Poisoning Mechanism of the Multi-active Center Catalyst for Chlorobenzene and NO_x Synergistic Degradation at Dry and Humid Environments